scholarly journals Hospitalization in the first years of life and development of psychiatric disorders at age 6 and 11: a birth cohort study in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Lucia Schmidt da Silva ◽  
Giovanny Vinícius Araújo de França ◽  
Tyago N. Munhoz ◽  
Iná S. Santos ◽  
Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
The City

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the medium-term effects that hospitalization in the first 48 months of life has on the development of psychiatric disorders at 6 and 11 years of age among individuals in a birth cohort in a middle-income country. We analyzed data from a 2004 birth cohort (N = 4,231) in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The frequency of hospitalization was investigated at 12, 24 and 48 months of life. When the children were 6 and 11 years old, psychiatric disorders were investigated with the Development and Well-Being Assessment. We used logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders. The overall frequency of hospitalization during the first 48 months of life was 33.1% (95%CI: 31.4; 34.7). Among the hospitalized children 25.6% (95%CI: 24.1; 27.1), 4.7% (95%CI: 4.0; 5.5) and 2.8% (95%CI: 2.3; 3.5) were hospitalized 1, 2 or ≥ 3 times during this period, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, the chance of presenting any psychiatric disorder at 6 and 11 years of age was higher for the children who had been hospitalized during the first 48 months of life than for those who had not, with OR of 1.50 (95%CI: 1.19; 1.88) and 1.63 (95%CI: 1.28; 2.07), respectively. Our results support the hypothesis that hospitalization in the early stages of life has an effect on the subsequent mental health of children. Preventive measures are needed in order to minimize the negative experiences of children who are hospitalized during infancy.

scholarly journals The Role of MIR9-2 in Shared Susceptibility of Psychiatric Disorders during Childhood: A Population-Based Birth Cohort Study

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 626
Author(s):  
Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues ◽  
Gabriela Quinte ◽  
Clarice Brum ◽  
Gabriele Ghisleni ◽  
Clarissa Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Protein Coding

Background: It has been suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs; short non-protein-coding RNA molecules that mediate post-transcriptional regulation), including mir-9 and mir-34 families, are important for brain development. Current data suggest that mir-9 and mir-34 may have shared effects across psychiatric disorders. This study aims to explore the role of genetic polymorphisms in the MIR9-2 (rs4916723) and MIR34B/C (rs4938723) genes on the susceptibility of psychiatric disorders in children from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort. Methods: Psychiatric disorders were assessed in 3585 individuals using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV), criteria through the application of standard semi-structured interviews (using the Development and Well-Being Assessment, DAWBA) at the six-years-of-age follow-up. The outcome was defined as the presence of any mental disorder. We also considered two broad groups of internalizing and externalizing disorders to further investigate the role of these variants in mental health. Results: We observed an association between rs4916723 (MIR9-2) and the presence of any psychiatric disorder (odds ratios (OR) = 0.820; 95% CI = 0.7130–0.944; p = 0.006) and a suggestive effect on internalizing disorders (OR = 0.830; 95% CI = 0.698–0.987; p = 0.035). rs4938723 (MIR34B/C) was not associated with any evaluated outcome. Conclusion: The study suggests that MIR9-2 may have an important role on a broad susceptibility for psychiatric disorders and may be important mainly for internalization problems.

scholarly journals Sedentary behavior in adolescents: the 11-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1928-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel C. Dumith ◽  
Pedro C. Hallal ◽  
Ana M. B. Menezes ◽  
Cora Luiza Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Tv Viewing

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sedentary behavior and investigate associated factors in adolescents 11 years of age from the 1993 birth cohort in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Sedentary behavior was investigated with a questionnaire, and was defined as spending more than two hours per day watching television, playing videogames, or using the computer. Of the 4,452 adolescents interviewed, 98% reported watching television, 44% playing videogames, and 22% using the computer. The average time spent on each of these electronic media was 197, 36, and 17 minutes per day, respectively. Prevalence of sedentary behavior was 79.7% (95%CI: 78.6; 80.9) and showed a positive association with socioeconomic level and nutritional status and a negative association with well-being. These 11-year-olds spent extensive time at TV viewing, videogames, and the computer. Special attention should be given to the most exposed groups of adolescents, including the more affluent, overweight, and those with limited schooling.

scholarly journals Experimental use of alcohol in early adolescence: the 11-year follow-up of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1937-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo B. Noal ◽  
Ana M. B. Menezes ◽  
Cora Luiza Araújo ◽  
Pedro C. Hallal
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Experimental Use ◽  
Parental Alcohol

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of experimental alcohol intake and associated factors in early adolescence. The overall sample consisted of 4,452 adolescents (mean age = 11.3 years; SD = 0.3) from the 1993 birth cohort in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Experimental use of alcohol was reported by 17.5% of the interviewees (95%CI: 16.3-18.6), and 5% reported having tried alcohol at nine years of age or younger. Prevalence of experimental alcohol use was higher among adolescents whose mothers had consumed alcohol during pregnancy, whose parents consumed alcohol, who worked outside the home themselves, and who had ever tried smoking. Family strife, parental alcohol intake, and adolescent smoking were strong predictors of experimental alcohol use in early adolescence. Special attention should be targeted to these groups in order to avoid heavy and premature alcohol use in early adolescence.

scholarly journals Comparison of Growth Curve Estimates of Infants in São Tomé Island, Africa, with the WHO Growth Standards: A Birth Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisol Garzón ◽  
Ana Luísa Papoila ◽  
Marta Alves ◽  
Luís Pereira-da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Postnatal Environment

This birth cohort study compared the infant growth curve estimates in São Tomé Island to the WHO growth standards. Despite this island belonging to a lower-middle-income country, there were several factors favorable for growth that were present. Four-hundred and seventy-five full-term singleton appropriate for-gestational-age infants were enrolled and followed-up to 24 months of age. Weight-for-age, length-for-age, weight-for-length, body mass index-for-age, head circumference-for-age, weight velocity, and length velocity curves were estimated and compared to the WHO standards. In the first 6 months of age, the weight gain was adequate in the presence of a high prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. Thereafter, weight trajectories tracked close to the WHO standards, except for a progressive decline in the infants growing in higher percentiles, especially in girls. Median length at birth was below the median WHO standards, followed by an early postnatal velocity spurt, which probably reflected the transition from an unfavorable to a more favorable postnatal environment. Thereafter, linear growth faltering was observed without relevant deterioration up to 24 months of age, which was probably due to the presence of protective factors. These results may be useful to implement strategies to further approximate infant growth in São Tomé Island to the WHO standards.

scholarly journals Childhood ADHD is strongly associated with a broad range of psychiatric disorders during adolescence: a population-based birth cohort study

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1036-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichi Yoshimasu ◽  
William J. Barbaresi ◽  
Robert C. Colligan ◽  
Robert G. Voigt ◽  
Jill M. Killian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood Adhd

Psychiatric disorders diagnosed in adolescence and subsequent long-term exclusion from education, employment or training: longitudinal national birth cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ida Ringbom ◽  
Jaana Suvisaari ◽  
Antti Kääriälä ◽  
Andre Sourander ◽  
Mika Gissler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Important Indicator

Background Long-term ‘not in education, employment or training’ (NEET) status is an important indicator of youth marginalisation. Aims To carry out a comprehensive overview of the associations between different psychiatric illnesses and long-term NEET status. Method We used the register-based 1987 Finnish Birth Cohort study, which includes all live births in Finland during that year. The analyses comprised 55 273 individuals after exclusions for intellectual disability, death or emigration. We predicted that psychiatric disorders, diagnosed by specialist services between 1998 and 2007 when the cohort were 10–20 years of age, would be associated with subsequent long-term NEET (defined as NEET for at least 5 years between 2008 and 2015, when they were 20–28 years of age). Results In total, 1438 individuals (2.6%) were long-term NEET during follow-up and the associations between long-term NEET and the 11 diagnostic categories we studied were statistically significant (P < 0.001). In multivariate models we included sociodemographic characteristics and upper secondary education as covariates, and the highest effect sizes, measured by odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), were found for psychosis (OR = 12.0, 95% CI 9.5–15.2) and autism spectrum disorder (OR = 17.3, 95% CI 11.5–26.0). If individuals had not successfully completed this education, 70.6% of those with autism spectrum disorder and 48.4% of those with psychosis were later long-term NEET. Conclusions Adolescents who receive treatment for psychiatric disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder or psychosis, need support to access education and employment. This could help to prevent marginalisation in early adulthood.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in resilience and vulnerability among older adults: a population-based birth cohort analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Cosco ◽  
R. Cooper ◽  
D. Kuh ◽  
M. Stafford
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Physical Capability

ABSTRACTBackground:Aging is associated with declines in physical capability; however, some individuals demonstrate high well-being despite this decline, i.e. they are “resilient.” We examined socioeconomic position (SEP) and resilience and the influence of potentially modifiable behavioral resources, i.e. social support and leisure time physical activity (LTPA), on these relationships.Methods:Data came from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, a nationally-representative birth cohort study. Resilience–vulnerability at age 60–64 years (n = 1,756) was operationalized as the difference between observed and expected levels of well-being, captured by the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), given the level of performance-based physical capability. SEP was assessed by father's and own social class, parental education, and intergenerational social mobility. PA and structural/functional social support were reported at ages 53 years and 60–64 years. Path analysis was used to examine mediation of SEP and resilience–vulnerability through LTPA and social support.Results:Participants in the highest social class had scores on the resilience to vulnerability continuum that were an average of 2.3 units (β = 0.46, 95% CI 0.17, 0.75) higher than those in the lowest social class. Greater LTPA (β = 0.58, 95% CI 0.31, 0.85) and social support (β = 3.27, 95% CI 2.90, 3.63) were associated with greater resilience; LTPA partly mediated participant social class and resilience (23.4% of variance).Conclusions:Adult socioeconomic advantage was associated with greater resilience. Initiatives to increase LTPA may contribute to reducing socioeconomic inequalities in this form of resilience in later life.

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