Reproduction of the Atlantic Forest endemic star-throated antwren, Rhopias gularis (Aves: Thamnophilidae)

Abstract The Thamnophilidae are one of the most speciose Neotropical bird families, yet aspects of their natural history remain poorly documented. Here we provide information on breeding phenology, the length of incubation and nestling periods, parental care, and nesting success of the Star-throated Antwren, Rhopias gularis, an Atlantic Forest endemic. The data are discussed in light of life history theories. We found 27 active nests during two breeding seasons (2013/2014 and 2014/2015) at Carlos Botelho State Park in southeastern Brazil. Nesting activities were observed from September to January. Incubation and nestling periods lasted 16.8 ± 0.6 and 11.0 ± 0.86 days, respectively, as with most other antbirds. Males and females shared equally in incubation and nestling provisioning. The small clutch size of two eggs is that most commonly found in tropical birds and is hypothesized to have evolved due to increased nest predation rates. However, our data was not consistent with this hypothesis as the nest survival probability was high (57%). This is one of only a handful of studies that provide comprehensive information on the breeding biology of a Thamnophilid species in undisturbed habitat.

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Demography of Bell's Vireos in Missouri Grassland-Shrub Habitats

The Auk ◽

10.1093/auk/117.4.925 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 117 (4) ◽

pp. 925-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Joel M. Budnik ◽

Mark R. Ryan ◽

Frank R. Thompson III

Keyword(s):

Nest Predation ◽

Molothrus Ater ◽

Nesting Success ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Population Declines ◽

Annual Survival ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Study Population ◽

Breeding Seasons ◽

Seasonal Fecundity

Abstract Numbers of Bell's Vireos (Vireo bellii) have declined throughout much of the breeding range in recent years, yet little information exists to determine factors that are causing these declines. We studied Bell's Vireos nesting in grassland-shrub habitats at two study areas in central Missouri to determine reproductive performance, survival, and population growth potential. Birds were color banded and observed during the breeding seasons of 1996, 1997, and 1998 to determine seasonal fecundity. We monitored 124 breeding pairs (127 pair years) and 213 nests. Density declined from 1.00 to 0.80 territories per 10 ha at the first site and increased from 1.11 to 1.33 at the second site during the study. Mean nesting success was 31 ± SE of 0.03% overall and ranged from 13 to 42% among years and study areas; 57% of the pairs fledged at least one young. Low annual production was a function of high rates of nest predation (41% of all nests observed, accounting for 44 to 78% of daily nest mortality annually) and nest parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater; 29% of nests observed, 17 to 37% of daily nest mortality annually). Mean seasonal fecundity was 1.60 young fledged per pair per year (range 1.00 to 1.79). Annual survival of adults was 61 ± 0.04% and was higher than previously reported. We used our estimates of seasonal fecundity and annual survival of adults to determine the finite rate of increase (λ) for our study population. Our study areas seemingly comprised sink habitats (λ = 0.85). Thus, the vireos on our study areas likely were limited by low reproductive success. Population declines also may be caused by habitat loss, which highlights the need for investigation of historical and current rates of loss of grassland-shrub habitat.

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The sharpshooter genus Aguana: taxonomic notes, two new species from Brazil, the female of A. imbricata, and updated key (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4577.1.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4577 (1) ◽

pp. 91

Author(s):

GABRIEL MEJDALANI ◽

ALEXANDRE C. DOMAHOVSKI ◽

RODNEY R. CAVICHIOLI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

New Taxa ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

São Paulo ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Two New Species ◽

Males And Females

The genus Aguana Melichar, 1926 previously included only two species from the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil. Here we provide a revised diagnosis for the genus and describe two new Brazilian species and the female of A. imbricata (Signoret, 1854). The new taxa are A. picinguaba sp. nov. (states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Santa Catarina) and A. spitzi sp. nov. (State of São Paulo). Aguana species are very similar to one another externally and can be distinguished mainly by features of the male terminalia (especially of the aedeagus) and female sternite VII. A key to males and females of the genus is added (except the female of A. russata Young, 1977).

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Guaricicana, a new genus of Hyalojassini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Iassinae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

European Journal of Taxonomy ◽

10.5852/ejt.2019.547 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Domahovski ◽

Rodney Cavichioli

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

New Genus ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽

Monotypic Genus ◽

Related Genus ◽

Males And Females

A new monotypic genus of Iassinae Walker, 1870 tribe Hyalojassini Evans, 1972 is proposed based on Guaricicana borgesi gen. et sp. nov. from the states of Paraná and Rio de Janeiro, southern and southeastern Brazil, respectively. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of males and females are provided, as well as comparisons with the presumably more closely related genus, Daveyoungana Blocker & Webb, 1992.

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Mberu, a new neurigonine genus from southeastern Brazil (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3101.1.2 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3101 (1) ◽

pp. 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RENATO SOARES CAPELLARI ◽

DALTON DE SOUZA AMORIM

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

New Genus ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Wing Venation ◽

Male And Female ◽

Males And Females

A new genus of Dolichopodidae with modified wing venation both in males and females is described from the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, Mberu pepocatu gen. nov. et sp. nov. The species is described and illustrated in detail, including the male and female terminalia. The systematic position of Mberu is considered and the genus is assigned to the tribe Coeloglutini of Neurigoninae, possibly closely related to Coeloglutus Aldrich and Neotonnoiria Robinson.

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Nest and nest-site reuse within and between breeding seasons by three neotropical flycatchers (Tyrannidae)

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842007000300020 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 537-540 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

TM. Aguilar ◽

MÂ. Marini

Keyword(s):

Breeding Season ◽

Nest Site ◽

Nesting Success ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Turnover Rates ◽

Breeding Attempt ◽

Nest Reuse ◽

Breeding Seasons

Nest and or nest site reuse within and between breeding seasons was reported by the Euler's Flycatcher (Lathrotriccus euleri), the Sepia-capped Flycatcher (Leptopogon amaurocephalus) and the Gray-hooded Flycatcher (Mionectes -rufiventris) in forest fragments from southeastern Brazil. Nest and or nest site reuse between some years was frequent within a single breeding season by the Sepia-capped Flycatcher. Nest reuse, however, was not related to nesting success in the previous breeding attempt. Nest turnover rates (movement to a new site between years) were low for L. amaurocephalus, intermediate for L. euleri and high for M. rufiventris.

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A multiscale assessment of Red-tailed Hawk reproductive success relative to urban density and habitat type

Journal of Urban Ecology ◽

10.1093/jue/juaa023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Justin H White ◽

Jessi L Brown ◽

Zachary E Ormsby

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Habitat Type ◽

Nesting Success ◽

Arid Environments ◽

Hatch Date ◽

Urban Density ◽

Landscape Characteristics ◽

Suburban Areas ◽

Breeding Seasons

Abstract Despite the unique threats to wildlife in urban areas, many raptors have established successfully reproducing urban populations. To identify variations in raptor breeding ecology within an urban area, we compared metrics of Red-tailed Hawk reproductive attempts to landscape characteristics in Reno and Sparks, NV, USA during the 2015 and 2016 breeding seasons. We used the Apparent Nesting Success and logistic exposure methods to measure nesting success of the Red-tailed Hawks. We used generalized linear models to relate nesting success and fledge rate to habitat type, productivity to hatch date (Julian day) and hatch date to urban density. Nesting success was 86% and 83% for the respective years. Nesting success increased in grassland-agricultural and shrub habitats and decreased in riparian habitat within the urban landscape. Productivity was 2.23 and 2.03 per nest for the breeding seasons. Fledge rates were 72% and 77%, respectively, and decreased in riparian areas. Nestlings hatched earlier with increased urban density and earliest in suburban areas, following a negative quadratic curve. Nesting success and productivity for this population were high relative to others in North America. Productivity increased in habitats where ground prey was more accessible. We suggest that suburban areas, if not frequently disturbed, provide sufficient resources to sustain Red-tailed Hawks over extended periods. As urban expansion continues in arid environments globally, we stress that researchers monitor reproductive output across the urban predator guild to elucidate patterns in population dynamics and adaptation.

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On the use of 10-minute point counts and 10-species lists for surveying birds in lowland Atlantic Forests in southeastern Brazil

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia ◽

10.1590/s0031-10492012002800001 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (28) ◽

pp. 333-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vagner Cavarzere ◽

Thiago Vernaschi Vieira da Costa ◽

Luís Fábio Silveira

Keyword(s):

Rapid Assessment ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Point Counting ◽

Point Count ◽

Point Counts ◽

Time Period ◽

Minute Point ◽

Species Lists ◽

Point Count Method ◽

Breeding Seasons

Due to rapid and continuous deforestation, recent bird surveys in the Atlantic Forest are following rapid assessment programs to accumulate significant amounts of data during short periods of time. During this study, two surveying methods were used to evaluate which technique rapidly accumulated most species (> 90% of the estimated empirical value) at lowland Atlantic Forests in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Birds were counted during the 2008-2010 breeding seasons using 10-minute point counts and 10-species lists. Overall, point counting detected as many species as lists (79 vs. 83, respectively), and 88 points (14.7 h) detected 90% of the estimated species richness. Forty-one lists were insufficient to detect 90% of all species. However, lists accumulated species faster in a shorter time period, probably due to the nature of the point count method in which species detected while moving between points are not considered. Rapid assessment programs in these forests will rapidly detect more species using 10-species lists. Both methods shared 63% of all forest species, but this may be due to spatial and temporal mismatch between samplings of each method.

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