scholarly journals Morcegos urbanos de Guarulhos: alta riqueza de espécies e dominância de espécies ecologicamente flexíveis reveladas a partir de dados de monitoramento da raiva

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos A. Melo ◽  
David de A. Braga ◽  
Wilson Mansho ◽  
Renata R. Carvalho ◽  
Débora C. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Molossus Molossus

RESUMO Urbanização afeta a composição e funções ecossistêmicas das comunidades de morcegos em várias regiões do planeta. Entretanto, este ainda é um tema pouco explorado no Neotrópico. No Brasil, embora poucas cidades apresentem inventários de quirópteros, órgãos municipais de saúde pública (e.g., Centro de Controle de Zoonoses) realizam a vigilância passiva dos morcegos infectados pelo vírus da raiva. Estas instituições fazem a identificação dos espécimes oriundos principalmente de áreas urbanas e coletam dados biológicos importantes para o manejo ambiental, controle populacional, ecologia e conservação das espécies. O presente estudo analisou os dados de recebimento de morcegos, de 2001 a 2017, oriundos da cidade de Guarulhos, comparando as taxas de recebimento, frequência, riqueza e dominância das espécies com estudos prévios conduzidos em cidades brasileiras. Os dados da vigilância em saúde pública demonstraram uma alta riqueza de espécies (n = 29), representadas por três famílias mais comuns em áreas urbanas brasileiras (Phyllostomidae, Molossidae e Vespertilionidae). Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766), Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766) e Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821) representaram a maioria (70%) dos dados da quiropterofauna de Guarulhos. Esta dominância pode estar relacionada com a flexibilidade da dieta dessas espécies (insetívoras e nectarívoras não obrigatórias) e abrigos diurnos em edificações, recursos estes altamente disponíveis nas cidades brasileiras. Assim, para mitigar os efeitos da urbanização sobre a rica quiropterofauna regional, recomenda-se que o planejamento ambiental das cidades considere suas diretrizes urbanísticas e florísticas como uma ferramenta ao manejo integrado da fauna silvestre e saúde pública, além de implantar estratégias para aumentar o potencial de conservação da biodiversidade nestes ambientes.

scholarly journals Rabies diagnosis and serology in bats from the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilene Fernandes de Almeida ◽  
Luzia Fátima Alves Martorelli ◽  
Miriam Martos Sodré ◽  
Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes Kataoka ◽  
Adriana Ruckert da Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Tadarida Brasiliensis ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Molossus Molossus ◽  
Immunofluorescent Test ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus ◽  
Rabies Diagnosis

INTRODUCTION: Bats are one of the most important reservoirs and vectors of the rabies virus in the world. METHODS: From 1988 to 2003, the Zoonosis Control Center in São Paulo City performed rabies diagnosis on 5,670 bats by direct immunofluorescent test and mouse inoculation test. Blood samples were collected from 1,618 bats and the sera were analyzed using the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test to confirm rabies antibodies. RESULTS: Forty-four (0.8%) bats were positive for rabies. The prevalence of rabies antibodies was 5.9% using 0.5IU/ml as a cutoff. Insectivorous bats (69.8%) and bats of the species Molossus molossus (51.8%) constituted the majority of the sample; however, the highest prevalence of antibodies were observed in Glossophaga soricina (14/133), Histiotus velatus (16/60), Desmodus rotundus (8/66), Artibeus lituratus (5/54), Nyctinomops macrotis (3/23), Tadarida brasiliensis (3/48), Carollia perspicillata (3/9), Eumops auripendulus (2/30), Nyctinomops laticaudatus (2/16), Sturnira lilium (2/17) and Eumops perotis (1/13). The prevalence of rabies antibodies was analyzed by species, food preference and sex. CONCLUSIONS: The expressive levels of antibodies associated with the low virus positivity verified in these bats indicate that rabies virus circulates actively among them.

scholarly journals High Diversity of Leptospira Species Infecting Bats Captured in the Uraba Region (Antioquia-Colombia)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando P Monroy ◽  
Sergio Solari ◽  
Juan Alvaro Lopez ◽  
Piedad Agudelo-Florez ◽  
Ronald Guillermo Pelaez-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Leptospira Borgpetersenii ◽  
Molossus Molossus ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Leptospira Species

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira. This zoonotic disease affects humans, domestic, or wild animals. Colombia is considered an endemic country for leptospirosis; and Antioquia is the second department in Colombia with the highest number of reported leptospirosis cases. Currently, many studies report bats as reservoirs of Leptospira spp. but its prevalence in these mammals is unknown. In the present study we aimed to better understand the role of bats as reservoir hosts of Leptospira species and to evaluate the genetic diversity of circulating Leptospira species in Antioquia-Colombia. We captured 206 bats in the municipalities of Chigorodó (43 bats), Carepa (43 bats), Apartadó (39 bats), Turbo (40 bats), and Necoclí (41 bats) in the Urabá region (Antioquia-Colombia). Twenty bats were positive for Leptospira spp. infection (20/206 - 9,70%) and the species of infected bats were Carollia perspicillata, Dermatura rava, Glossophaga soricina, Molossus molossus, Artibeus planirostris, and Uroderma convexum. These species have different feeding strategies such as frugivorous, insectivores, and nectarivores. The infecting Leptospira species identified were Leptospira borgpetersenii (3/20 – 15%), Leptospira alexanderi (2/20 – 10%), Leptospira noguchii (6/20 – 30%), Leptospira interrogans (3/2 – 15%), and Leptospira kirschneri (6/20 – 30%). The results of this research show the importance of bats in the epidemiology, ecology and evolution of Leptospira in this host-pathogen association. This is the first step in deciphering the role played by bats in the epidemiology of human leptospirosis in the endemic region of Uraba (Antioquia-Colombia).

scholarly journals Raiva em morcegos não hematófagos em São José do Egito, semiárido Pernambucano

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e378101018971
Author(s):  
Luiz Augustinho Menezes da Silva ◽  
Ednaldo de Souza Gomes ◽  
Emmanuel Messias Vilar Gonçalves da Vilar ◽  
Teone Pereira da Silva Filho ◽  
Roseli Rodolfo da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Desmodus Rotundus ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Molossus Molossus

Diversas espécies de mamíferos no Brasil já foram diagnosticadas com o vírus da raiva dentre animais de companhia, de criação e silvestres. Entre os quirópteros destaca-se o hematófago Desmodus rotundus, entretanto, o registro de positivos não se restringe a essa guilda alimentar. Diante disso, esse trabalho tem como objetivo descrever os casos positivos de morcegos não hematófagos para raiva no município de São José do Egito, localizado no semiárido Pernambucano. Foi realizada uma análise de registros com dados de amostras enviadas para análise rábica pela vigilância sanitária do Município e pelo trabalho de monitoramento dos quirópteros realizado no município entre outubro/2010 e julho/2012. Foram encontrados em quatro anos, 11 espécimes de três espécies (Molossus molossus, Myotis lavali e Glossophaga soricina), positivas para raiva na área urbana de São José do Egito com uma maior frequência para M. molossus. Em um dos casos ocorreu à agressão a um munícipe. Os espécimes foram encontrados em condições atípicas mantendo atividade diurna, caídos no chão ainda com vida ou mortos na rua e em seus abrigos. Os registros mostram que, apesar de não haver casos em cães e gatos, a raiva circula na área urbana do município em situação próxima aos munícipes e que o monitoramento é necessário para evitar contágio a humanos e animais domésticos.

scholarly journals High Diversity of Leptospira Species Infecting Bats Captured in the Urabá Region (Antioquia-Colombia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1897
Author(s):  
Fernando P. Monroy ◽  
Sergio Solari ◽  
Juan Álvaro Lopez ◽  
Piedad Agudelo-Flórez ◽  
Ronald Guillermo Peláez Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Leptospira Spp ◽  
Leptospira Borgpetersenii ◽  
Molossus Molossus ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Leptospira Species

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira. This zoonotic disease affects humans, domestic animals and wild animals. Colombia is considered an endemic country for leptospirosis; Antioquia is the second department in Colombia, with the highest number of reported leptospirosis cases. Currently, many studies report bats as reservoirs of Leptospira spp. but the prevalence in these mammals is unknown. The goal of this study was to better understand the role of bats as reservoir hosts of Leptospira species and to evaluate the genetic diversity of circulating Leptospira species in Antioquia-Colombia. We captured 206 bats in the municipalities of Chigorodó (43 bats), Carepa (43 bats), Apartadó (39 bats), Turbo (40 bats), and Necoclí (41 bats) in the Urabá region (Antioquia-Colombia). Twenty bats tested positive for Leptospira spp. infection (20/206—9.70%) and the species of infected bats were Carollia perspicillata, Dermanura rava, Glossophaga soricina, Molossus molossus, Artibeus planirostris, and Uroderma convexum. These species have different feeding strategies such as frugivorous, insectivores, and nectarivores. The infecting Leptospira species identified were Leptospira borgpetersenii (3/20–15%), Leptospira alexanderi (2/20–10%), Leptospira noguchii (6/20–30%), Leptospira interrogans (3/20–15%), and Leptospira kirschneri (6/20–30%). Our results showed the importance of bats in the epidemiology, ecology, and evolution of Leptospira in this host-pathogen association. This is the first step in deciphering the role played by bats in the epidemiology of human leptospirosis in the endemic region of Urabá (Antioquia-Colombia).

scholarly journals Bat-species richness in the Pantanal floodplain and its surrounding uplands

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJR. Alho ◽  
E. Fischer ◽  
LF. Oliveira-Pissini ◽  
CF. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Data Bank ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Paraguay River ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Molossus Molossus ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

We studied the bat fauna of the Pantanal floodplain and its surrounding plateaus in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, based on the scientific collection at Universidade Anhanguera - Uniderp and on the Projeto Morcegos do Pantanal data bank at UFMS, comprising 9,037 captures of 56 species recorded from 1994 to 2007. The Pantanal surveys were carried out in the Nhecolândia, Aquidauana, Miranda, and Paraguai sub-regions; the uplands surveys took place in the Maracaju, Bodoquena, and Urucum formations. Bat specimens were mist-netted over 376 nights in 35 sites, predominantly near fruiting trees, bat shelters, and forest patches. In the floodplain 46 species were recorded (n = 6,292 individuals), and 44 species were found in the uplands (n = 2,745 individuals). Six families were recorded: Phyllostomidae (30 species), Molossidae (12 species), Verpertilionidae (nine species) Noctilionidae (two species), Emballorunidae (two species) and Mormoopidae (one species). The bat fauna was predominantly composed of insectivore (32) and frugivore (15) species. The frugivorous Artibeus planirostris (n = 3,101 individuals) was the commonest species in floodplain and uplands. Other common species were Myotis nigricans (n = 762), Molossus molossus (n = 692), Noctilio albiventris (n = 681), Platyrrhinus lineatus (n = 633), Sturnira lilium (n = 461), Carollia perspicillata (n = 451), Glossophaga soricina (n = 436), Artibeus lituratus (n = 320), and Desmodus rotundus (n = 281). In the floodplain there were three insectivores among the most common species, contrasting with the uplands dominated by the frugivores. The diversity for the 35 sites assembled (H' = 2.5) is comparable to that recorded for tropical forests. The bat fauna presented here represents 34% of the Brazilian bat species, and 62% of species reported for the Upper Paraguay River Basin. Additionally, five species are reported for the first time in Mato Grosso do Sul.

DNA barcoding of bats (Chiroptera) from the Colombian northern region

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro J. Benítez ◽  
Dina Ricardo-Caldera ◽  
María Atencia-Pineda ◽  
Jesús Ballesteros-Correa ◽  
Julio Chacón-Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Molossus Molossus ◽  
Artibeus Lituratus

Abstract Bats are mammals of great ecological and medical importance, which have associations with different pathogenic microorganisms. DNA barcoding is a tool that can expedite species identification using short DNA sequences. In this study, we assess the DNA barcoding methodology in bats from the Colombian Northern region, specifically in the Córdoba department. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences of nine bat species were typified, and their comparison with other Neotropic samples revealed that this marker is suitable for individual species identification, with ranges of intra-species variation from 0.1 to 0.9%. Bat species clusters are well supported and differentiated, showing average genetic distances ranging from 3% between Artibeus lituratus and Artibeus planirostris, up to 27% between Carollia castanea and Molossus molossus. C. castanea and Glossophaga soricina show geographical structuring in the Neotropic. The findings reported in this study confirm DNA barcoding usefulness for fast species identification of bats in the region.

Pollination ecology of Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) in Central Brazil cerrado vegetation

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Gribel ◽  
John D. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Breeding System ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Caryocar Brasiliense ◽  
Anoura Geoffroyi ◽  
Phyllostomus Discolor

ABSTRACTThe floral biology, breeding system and pollination of Caryocar brasiliense were studied in the cerrado vegetation of Central Brazil. The large, yellowish-cream, brush-like flowers are pollinated mainly by glossophagine bats (Glossophaga soricina and Anoura geoffroyi). Three non-glossophagine bats (Phyllostomus discolor, Vampyrops lineatus and Carollia perspicillata) and two short probosisced hawk moths (Erinyis ello and Pseudosphinx tetrio) may also act as occasional pollinators. Caryocar brasiliense is self-compatible although it sets significantly more fruits when crossed than when selfed. The natural fruit set (fruit/flower ratio) and seed set (seed/ovule ratio) are 3.1% and 1.0% respectively. Most of the fruits and seeds are formed through the action of the flower visitors, despite the fact that about 20% of the non-visited flowers receive self pollen on at least one stigma.

Seasonal intake responses in the nectar-feeding bat Glossophaga soricina

2009 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Ayala-Berdon ◽  
Jorge E. Schondube ◽  
Kathryn E. Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Nectar Feeding ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina

scholarly journals Bat diversity of Ilha da Marambaia, Southern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil (Chiroptera, Mammalia)

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
EC. Lourenço ◽  
LM. Costa ◽  
RM. Silva ◽  
CEL. Esbérard
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
Molossus Molossus ◽  
Bat Diversity ◽  
Janeiro State

Few sites have been well sampled for bats, and samplings in islands are even scarcer. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were: (1) to list the bat species of Ilha da Marambaia; (2) to compare richness, abundance and biomass of bat guilds found there; (3) to analyse abundance patterns of bat species; and (4) to compare richness, abundance and composition of the bat fauna among different kinds of environment. To capture bats we used mist nets set in five different environments, totalising 3559.2 net-hours, during 37 nights between October 2006 and August 2008. A total of 1,133 captures were accomplished, comprising 34 species from five families. The most abundant species was Molossus molossus. Frugivorous bats exhibited higher richness, abundance and biomass if compared to other guilds. Most species (N = 22) exhibited abundances between 1 to 10% of all captures. Sixteen species were restricted to just one of the environments sampled. The high richness may be attributed to sampling carried out in several environments, and to the capture of insectivorous species over water bodies.

scholarly journals Infracommunities of Streblidae and Nycteribiidae (Diptera) on bats in an ecotone area between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme D. P. Dornelles ◽  
Gustavo Graciolli ◽  
Anderson Odon ◽  
Marcelo O. Bordignon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Carollia Perspicillata ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Glossophaga Soricina ◽  
Phyllostomus Hastatus ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

ABSTRACT We described infracommunities, prevalence and mean intensity of infestation of ecotoparasite flies (Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) on bats in an ecotone area of Cerrado as predominant vegetation, with influence of Atlantic Forest, in the southeast of Mato Grosso do Sul. In 36 sampling nights between April 2015 and August 2016 (23,328 m².h), we captured 17 bat species, of which ten were infested, and 14 species of fly. The most abundant bats were the phyllostomids Artibeus planirostris (Spix, 1823), Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1776) and Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) and the most abundant flies were the streblids Trichobius longipes (Rudow, 1871), T. joblingi Wenzel, 1966 and Megistopoda aranea (Coquillett, 1899). Phyllostomus hastatus (Pallas, 1767) was the bat species that presented the highest infestation rate. Platyrrhinus lineatus (É. Geoffroy, 1810) and Desmodus rotundus (É. Geoffroy, 1810) were not infested. Besides that, the frequency of bats that were infested by a single species of fly was higher than the frequency of bats infested for two or more, and it may be a pattern.

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