scholarly journals ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF LOBLOLLY PINE STANDS IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL AS A RESULT OF DIFFERENT CROWN THINNING INTENSITIES1

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Dobner Jr ◽  
Dagoberto Stein de Quadros
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Land Expectation Value ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Crown Thinning ◽  
Log Price ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

ABSTRACT Approximately 1.6 million hectares of southern Brazil are cultivated with pines, and mainly with the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). More than one third of the stands belong to independent log producers, whose aim is to maximize their economic results. In this study, a thinning experiment was evaluated over a production period of 30 years. The stands evaluated were submitted to three different crown thinning intensities, with an unthinned stand used as a control. The aim of the study was to evaluate economic criteria regarding realistic discount rates and production periods varying between 16-30 years. For the circumstances that were evaluated, 'extreme' and early release from competition of pruned loblolly pine trees lead to the best economic performance (land expectation value = ~36,000 US$ ha-1, i = 3% yr-1). Stands subjected to crown thinnings, independently of intensity, produced three times the economic output of unthinned and unpruned stands. Although the optimal harvest ages, according to the internal rate of return, are between 18-22 years for thinned and unthinned stands, from a long-term perspective (land expectation value) and for the current relationship between log price and size, the optimal economic performance requires that production periods are extended (to 24-26 years) from those currently practised in southern Brazil (15-20 years).

Wood density of loblolly pine trees as affected by crown thinnings and harvest age in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Dobner ◽  
Juergen Huss ◽  
Mário Tomazello Filho
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Pine Trees

scholarly journals Susceptibility of parent and interspecific F1 hybrid pine trees to tip moth damage in a coastal North Carolina planting

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine T Highsmith ◽  
John Frampton ◽  
David O'Malley ◽  
James Richmond ◽  
Martesa Webb
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Hybrid Pine ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Tip moth damage among families of parent pine species and their interspecific F1 hybrids was quantitatively assessed in a coastal planting in North Carolina. Three slash pine (Pinus elliotti var. elliotti Engelm.), two loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), and four interspecific F1 hybrid pine families were used. The F1 hybrids were as susceptible to damage by Nantucket pine tip moth (Rhyacionia frustrana (Comst.)), as was their susceptible loblolly pine parent. Their phenotypes support a dominant or partially dominant mode of inheritance for susceptibility. The phenotype of one slash pine family was not statistically different from the phenotypes of the loblolly and F1 hybrid pines. The high susceptibility of that one slash pine family appeared to be intrinsic, even though slash pine is considered resistant to tip moth damage. Tip moth damage on the two other slash pine families was significantly lower.

Loblolly pine responds to mechanical wounding with increased resin flow

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 596-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J Ruel ◽  
Matthew P Ayres ◽  
Peter L Lorio, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Resin Flow ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Plant Defense Mechanism ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

The oleoresin produced by many conifers has a deleterious effect on numerous associated herbivores, including bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), and may have evolved as a plant defense mechanism. Three experiments with juvenile loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) used mechanical wounding to drain resin reserves and assess the effects of prior bark wounding on subsequent resin flow up to 7 days post-treatment. Resin flow returned to pre-treatment values within 2 days after wounding began and, in nearly every tree in each experiment, continued to increase on subsequent days. On average, resin flow reached double the pre-treatment values (mean ± SE: 2.10 ± 0.10 vs. 1.13 ± 0.10 g/3 h and 2.28 ± 0.09 vs. 0.90 ± 0.09 g/3 h for wounded vs. pre-treatment in experiments 1 and 2, respectively). Considering its timing and magnitude, this previously undescribed response may be important in modulating interactions between pine trees and bark beetles. In addition, resin flow following treatment was greater in trees in larger crown size classes (thinned > edge of stand = unthinned in experiment 1; edge of stand > thinned > unthinned in experiment 2). This may help explain why trees in thinned stands are less susceptible to southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) infestation than trees in unthinned stands.

Green and Dry-Weight Equations for Above-ground Components of Planted Loblolly Pine Trees in the West Gulf Region

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Gulf Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Biomass Equations ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Prediction equations based on 130 sample trees from thinned and unthinned loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations in central Louisiana are presented for the green and dry weights of aboveground tree components. Sample trees ranged from 2 to 21 in. dbh, 18 to 94 ft in height and from 9 to 55 yr in age. Significant differences in partial stem weight between trees from thinned and unthinned stands required development of separate sets of weight ratio equations. The range of the studies' observations increases the predictive applicability of planted loblolly pine biomass equations. South. J. Appl. For. 11(4):212-218.

scholarly journals Volume and Taper Equations for Thinned and Unthinned Loblolly Pine Trees in Cutover, Site-Prepared Plantations

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudaye Tasissa ◽  
Harold E. Burkhart ◽  
Ralph L. Amateis
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Taper Equations ◽  
Volume Equations

Abstract Stem analysis data from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees grown in cutover, site-prepared plantations across the South were used to develop total and merchantable cubic-foot volume equations and implicit taper relationships for thinned and unthinned conditions. The data were obtained from trees felled during plot establishment for a thinning study and from trees felled during the second thinning of a portion of the same plots 12 yr later. The volume equations presented can be used to predict volume to any specified height or diameter limit for loblolly pine trees in thinned and unthinned stands on cutover site-prepared areas. The taper relationships enable the prediction of upper stem diameters and heights. South. J. Appl. For. 21(3):146-152.

scholarly journals Effect of Hardwoods and Pine Density on Natural Loblolly Pine Yields and Product Distribution

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Barry D. Shiver ◽  
Graham H. Brister
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Yield Function ◽  
Variable Threshold ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Georgia Piedmont

Abstract Data from 75 yield plots in natural loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands from the Georgia Piedmont were used to investigate the effects of hardwood and pine stand density on pine yields and product distribution. A yield function incorporating percentage of total basal area in hardwoods and the number of pine trees per acre, and a modifying equation to estimate merchantable volume to any top diameter limit above variable threshold diameters, were developed and used to evaluate these effects. There was a slight decrease in total yield as pine trees per acre increased, but the percentage of total yield in sawtimber decreased dramatically above 100 trees/ac. Hardwoods also decreased yields with virtually all of the decrease coming from sawtimber. South. J. Appl. For. 20(2):99-102.

Tree Profile and Volume Ratio Equations for Loblolly Pine Trees on Cutover Site-Prepared Lands

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia R. Ledbetter ◽  
Thomas G. Matney ◽  
Alfred D. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Equations are presented for predicting the height and cubic foot volume (ib or ob) to any top diameter limit (ib or ob) of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees grown on cutover site-prepared lands. Example applications of the equations are given. South. J. Appl. For. 10:241-244, Nov. 1986.

Relationship of Total Height and Merchantable Height to DBH and Site Index in Natural Even-Aged Stands of Loblolly Pine in the Lower Piedmont

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Ernst V. Brender
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Total Height ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract The total and merchantable heights of loblolly pine trees (Pinus taeda L.) growing in the Piedmont area can be predicted from the site index of the stand and the tree-diameter class.

scholarly journals Changes in Physiological Functioning in Loblolly Pine Trees Undergoing Bark Beetle Simulated Mortality

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-323
Author(s):  
Nicole J Hornslein ◽  
Courtney M Siegert ◽  
Heidi J Renninger
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Beetle Damage

AbstractThe southeastern United States contains extensive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations at risk from bark beetle damage that can change ecosystem biogeochemical cycling. Functional changes in tree physiology have the potential to occur before visual evidence of mortality making them difficult to incorporate into ecosystem models. Therefore, we girdled loblolly pines to simulate bark beetle damage and measured physiological processes including sapflow rates, photosynthesis, litterfall, and needle nitrogen concentrations to determine the physiological changes occurring in trees undergoing mortality. We found that the girdling treatment took 5 months to significantly reduce sapflow rates but visual crown mortality occurred more than one year after girdling. Girdled pines had approximately 2.5 times lower water use than control pines and exhibited greater susceptibility to atmospheric water stress. Girdled and control pines had similar needle nitrogen concentrations and photosynthetic rates measured during the mortality year. However, more litterfall with higher nitrogen concentrations occurred in the mortality year than in the previous year, resulting in redistribution of carbon and nitrogen in the ecosystem. Overall, these data allow for better quantification of the effects of background disturbance levels and individual tree mortality on water, carbon, and nitrogen cycling within a loblolly pine ecosystem.

Cubic-Foot Volume Equations for Loblolly Pine Trees in Cutover, Site-Prepared Plantations

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Amateis ◽  
Harold E. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Total Tree ◽  
Volume Equations

Abstract Stem profile data from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees grown in cutover, site-prepared plantations across much of the South were used to develop total and merchantable cubic-foot volume equations. The equations presented here can be used for predicting total tree volume and merchantable volume to any height or top diameter limit. Implicit taper relationships associated with the merchantable volume equations allow prediction of upper stem diameters and heights. South. J. Appl. For. 11(4):190-192.

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