scholarly journals Growth, water use and efficiency of forage cactus sorghum intercropping under different water depths

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucivania R. Lima ◽  
Thieres G. F. da Silva ◽  
Alexandre M. da R. F. Jardim ◽  
Carlos A. A. de Souza ◽  
Maria G. de Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT The effects of the forage cactus sorghum configuration and different irrigation depths on the growth, water use and efficiency of the forage cactus production system were investigated in this study. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Serra Talhada, Pernambuco State, Brazil, between the years 2012 and 2013. Forage cactus was distributed in randomized blocks with factorial scheme and four replicates, in split plots (5 x 2), with five irrigation depths (0, 8.75, 17.5, 26.25 and 35% of the reference evapotranspiration, ET0) and two cropping systems (forage cactus monocropping and forage cactus sorghum intercropping). Crop evapotranspiration was calculated through soil water balance. The ratio between crop and reference evapotranspiration, and land use and water use efficiencies, were estimated. Irrigation depths and the intercropping affected only forage cactus canopy width and cladode biomass. The ratio between crop and reference evapotranspiration increased with the increase of irrigation depths, while the highest water use efficiency based on dry matter occurred at irrigation depths higher than 1,096 mm year-1 in the intercropping (21.8 ± 6.8 kg ha-1 mm-1). Irrigation depths did not affect land use efficiency (0.83). Water depths from 1,096 to 1,202 mm year-1 are recommended in the forage cactus sorghum system.

Trade-Off between Energy Wood and Grain Production in Temperate Alley-Cropping Systems: An Empirical and Simulation-Based Derivation of Land Equivalent Ratio

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana-Maria Seserman ◽  
Dirk Freese ◽  
Anita Swieter ◽  
Maren Langhof ◽  
Maik Veste
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Use Efficiency

The alley-cropping systems (ACSs), which integrate parallel tree strips at varying distances on an agricultural field can result, complementarity of resource use, in an increased land-use efficiency. Practitioners’ concerns have been directed towards the productivity of such systems given a reduced area covered by agricultural crops. The land equivalent ratio (LER) serves as a valuable productivity indicator of yield performance and land-use efficiency in ACSs, as it compares the yields achieved in monocultures to those from ACSs. Consequently, the objective of this combined experimental and simulation study was to assess the tree- and crop-yields and to derive the LER and gross energy yield for two temperate ACSs in Germany under different design scenarios, i.e., tree arrangements (lee- or wind-ward) and ratios of tree area to crop area. Both LER and gross energy yields resulted in a convex curve where the maximum values were achieved when either the tree or crop component was dominant (>75% of the land area) and minimum when these components shared similar proportions of land area. The implications of several design scenarios have been discussed in order to improve the decision-making, optimization, and adaptation of the design of ACSs with respect to site-specific characteristics.

scholarly journals Alley Cropping Increases Land Use Efficiency and Economic Profitability Across the Combination Cultivation Period

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huasen Xu ◽  
Huaxing Bi ◽  
Lubo Gao ◽  
Lei Yun
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Short Term Experiment

Alley cropping allows the famer to effectively use available resources and yield more benefits. Choosing suitable associated crop and mitigating the competition between trees and crops are crucial for designing the alley cropping systems. We conducted a long-term experiment, including apple (Malus pumila)/peanut (Arachis hypogaea), apple/millet (Setaria italica) and apple/maize (Zea mays) alley cropping systems with conventional intercropping distance, and corresponding monocultures (Exp.1), and a short-term experiment with improved intercropping distance in the same three combinations (Exp.2) in the Loess Plateau, China. The results showed crop yields in three alley cropping systems were lower than the corresponding monocultures. Apple yields were significantly constrained by millet and maize in the alley cropping systems, but not sensitive to the presence of peanut. Land equivalent ratios (LERs) ranged from 0.44 to 0.89 before the tree bore fruit. The LERs were greater than 1.0 after the tree bore fruit, and the apple trees made a decisive contribution to the land use advantage. Net present values of three alley cropping systems were on average 60.1% higher than the corresponding monocultures across the alley cropping period. The maximum annual present value in the first–fifth, sixth and seventh–ninth years after the alley cropping establishment was observed in the apple/maize, apple/millet and apple/peanut system, respectively. These results highlight that choosing the optimal alley cropping management and suitable associated crops at different years after establishment may allow farmers to increase the land use efficiency and economic profitability.

scholarly journals Carrot yield and water-use efficiency under different mulching, organic fertilization and irrigation levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 445-450
Author(s):  
Daniel F. de Carvalho ◽  
Daniela P. Gomes ◽  
Dionizio H. de Oliveira Neto ◽  
José G. M. Guerra ◽  
Janaína R. C. Rouws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels ◽  
Water Depths

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate the contributions to the optimization of water use in a carrot crop under different forms of mulch using Gliricidia sepium, fertilization with castor bean cakes and irrigation water depths. The experiment was conducted in Seropédica, RJ, Brazil (22º 46’ S and 43º 41’ W), from June to September 2010. The experiment was conducted using a split-split-plot scheme (5 x 3 x 2), with four replicates. The five plots had irrigation depths corresponding to 0, 43, 72, 100 and 120% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc); the three subplots contained the different forms of mulch (whole leaves (WL) and chopped leaves and branches (CLB)) and the absence of mulch (AM); and the two sub-subplots contained either the presence (PF) or absence of fertilization (AF). Using time domain reflectometry (TDR) in the irrigation management, water depths ranging from 67.8 to 285.5 mm were applied. The use of mulch in association with fertilization led to higher yields and water-use efficiency (WUE) of the carrot plants, and the mulch composed of WL performed best. The application of irrigation depths corresponding to 97% of ETc promoted the highest carrot yields, although the highest values of WUE were observed, with irrigation depths corresponding to a range from 51 to 68% of ETc.

scholarly journals EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO E COEFICIENTES DA CULTURA DO REPOLHO EM SISTEMA ORGÂNICO

Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Mário Sérgio Paiva de Araújo ◽  
Elias Fernandes de Sousa ◽  
Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho ◽  
Vinicius Rocha Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

EVAPOTRANSPIRAÇÃO E COEFICIENTES DA CULTURA DO REPOLHO EM SISTEMA ORGÂNICO*     MÁRIO SERGIO PAIVA DE ARAUJO1; ELIAS FERNANDES DE SOUSA2; DANIEL FONSECA DE CARVALHO3 E VINICIUS ROCHA PEREIRA4   1Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Laboratório de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602 - Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ – Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 2Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Laboratório de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000, Parque Califórnia, CEP: 28013-602 - Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ – Brasil. E-mail [email protected] 3 Instituto de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR-465, km 7, CEP: 23897000 - Seropédica, RJ – Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] 4Graduando em Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR-465, km 7, CEP: 23897000 - Seropédica, RJ – Brasil. E-mail: [email protected] *Extraído da dissertação de Mestrado do primeiro autor, defendida pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro     1        Resumo    Objetivou-se estimar a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) e os coeficientes de cultivo (Kc) para as fases de desenvolvimento do repolho Fuyutoyo, utilizando lisímetro de pesagem. O experimento foi realizado de 17/07 a 26/10/2015, em área cultivada com repolho Fuyutoyo sobre a palhada de milho, no município de Seropédica-RJ. Utilizou o método Penman-Monteith FAO-56 para estimar a evapotranspiração de referência (ETo), e os valores de Kc foram determinados pela razão entre ETc, determinada por lisimetria de pesagem, e ETo. A ETc total do ciclo do repolho foi 411,55 mm e os valores de Kc para o repolho foram: 1,02 (I); 1,03 (II);1,05 (III) e 1,01 (IV), e se diferenciaram dos valores apresentados pela FAO, para cultivo convencional. A produtividade do repolho cultivado em sistema orgânico foi de 34,76 Mg ha-1, com uma eficiência do uso da água de 8,45 kg m-3.   Palavras-chave: brassica oleracea, lisímetro de pesagem, cultivo sobre palhada de milho     ARAÚJO, M. S. P; SOUSA, E. F.; CARVALHO, D. F; PEREIRA, V. R. EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND CROP COEFFICIENTS OF CABBAGE IN AN ORGANIC SYSTEM     2        AbstraCt   The study was carried out in order to estimate crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficients (Kc) for the stages of “Fuyutoyo” cabbage, using weighing lysimeter. The field trial occurred in 2015, from July 17 to October 26, in areas cultivated with “Fuyutoyo” cabbage planted on a straw of corn, in the municipality of Seropédica, RJ, Brazil. The FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method was used to estimate reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and Kc values ​​were determined by the ratio of ETc, determined by weighing lysimetry, and ETo. The total ETc of the cabbage cycle was 411.55 mm and Kc values obtained were: 1.02 (I); 1.03 (II); 1.05 (III) e 1.01 (IV), which were different from the values presented by FAO. The productivity of cabbage was 34.76 Mg ha-1, with water use efficiency of 8.45 kg m-3.   Keywords: brassica oleracea, weighing lysimeter, cultivation on straw of corn

scholarly journals Maximizing Land Use Efficiency and Productivity of Soybean and Fodder Maize Intercrops through Manipulating Sowing Schedule and Maize Harvest Regime

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 863
Author(s):  
Heba S. A. Salama ◽  
Mahmoud H. Abdel-Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Silage Production ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

The incorporation of both food and forage crops in an intercropping system is receiving increasing attention, especially in developing countries with increasing populations and limited resources. In a two-year (2019–2020) field trial, conducted in Northern Egypt, productivity of soybean and fodder maize, as well as the quality of maize herbage, were investigated under three sowing schedules; soybean and maize sown together, and maize sown 15 and 30 days after soybean, in addition to soybean and fodder maize sown in pure stands, with maize harvested at green fodder maturity (GFM), and silage maturity (SM). Harvesting fodder maize at SM resulted in higher herbage yield than harvesting it at GFM, yet it negatively affected the soybean productivity. However, this negative impact was offset when fodder maize sowing was delayed 30 days after soybean sowing. Maize harvested at GFM was characterized by a higher leaf component, which was reflected in its higher crude protein content, yet the decline in quality with advanced maturity was to a great extent, counterbalanced by the presence of high-quality ears in maize harvested at SM. This was clear in its lower fiber and higher non-fiber carbohydrate contents. Land equivalent ratio (LER) demonstrated yield advantage with the delayed sowing of fodder maize (LER > 1), while the dry matter equivalent ratio (DMER) associated the yield advantage with the late harvesting of fodder maize at SM (DMER > 1), across all sowing schedules, which was more realistic for an additive intercropping model where the dry matter is the economic component. In a soybean-fodder maize intercropping system, whether fodder maize will be cultivated for green feeding or for silage production, it is recommended that sowing is delayed until 30 days after the soybean, in order to maximize yield advantage and land use efficiency.

scholarly journals Seasonality on Transplanting Monocropped Lettuce and Intercropping With Staked Summer Squash

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Leonardo Diogo Ehle Dias ◽  
Jucimar Ferreira Neves ◽  
Leandro Batista Da Silva ◽  
Franciely Da Silva Ponce ◽  
Oscar Mitsuo Yamashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Summer Squash ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop System

Lettuce and summer squash are two important vegetables cultivated in peri-urban areas the cities in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Their intercropping can increase the efficiency of the use of the area and the seasonality of harvest. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and summer squash (Cucurbita moschata) in a conventional crop system and intercropped with different lettuce transplant period. These being the result of mono-cropping systems and intercropped lettuce with staked summer squash in six transplanting seasons of the lettuce and the monocropping of the trailing summer squash. The simultaneous transplantation of the two species provided the best performance of the lettuce. Summer squash production per plant did not differ between cropping systems; however, increased productivity was obtained with intercropping due to the higher density of plants. All the periods of inter-cropping establishment showed positive rates of land-use efficiency. For the summer squash production, intercropping systems provide better yield; however, the system hampers the development and production of lettuce.

Intercropped Corn–Soyabean Density Studies. I. Yield Complementarity

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Putnam ◽  
S. J. Herbert ◽  
A. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Systematic Design ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYIntercropped corn and soyabean were grown in a randomized block design (RBD) and a systematic design (SD) in 1981 and 1982 to evaluate total yield, yield complementarity, crop competition and land-use efficiency as affected by corn and soyabean densities. In the RBD, three corn density treatments were applied to corn–corn–soyabean–soyabean, corn–corn–soyabean, and corn–soyabean intercrop row patterns and to monocultures. In the SD, 9 or 10 corn densities were factorially combined with up to 13 soyabean densities in a corn–soyabean row pattern (91 cm spacing). In the RBD, total intercrop yields were similar to corn monoculture yields (60.8 to 62.7 t ha−1 in 1981) in the corn–corn–soyabean and corn–soyabean patterns at high corn densities but were less at low density. The corn–corn–soyabean–soyabean pattern yielded 87% of the corn monoculture at high density in 1982. These results were confirmed in the SD, where total intercrop yields were highly responsive to corn density and poorly responsive to soyabean densities. Both experiments indicated that high corn row densities are needed to maintain yields in corn–soyabean intercrops, possibly higher than the levels studied. Land equivalent ratios were above 1.0 for all but the low density corn–corn–soyabean–soyabean pattern in the RBD. The ability of an intercrop with as many as half the corn rows replaced by soyabean to produce yields similar to corn monoculture indicates a biological complementarity for dry matter production in the mixtures.

Effects of nitrogen supply and spatial arrangement on the grain yield of a maize/soybean intercrop in a humid subtropical climate

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Clément ◽  
François-P. Chalifour ◽  
Ghislain Gendron ◽  
Maheshwar P. Bharati
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Use Efficiency

Cereal/legume intercropping is a common practice in low-input agricultural systems. Under appropriate conditions, it usually results in higher overall productivity as compared with pure stands. Appraisal of agronomic practices is of particular importance, since component crops sometimes differ considerably in their structure and fertilization needs. An experiment was conducted under the subtropical conditions of Southern Nepal, in the Terai belt, in 1988 and 1989. Maize (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) received 0, 35 or 70 kg N ha−1 when grown either in pure stands or when intercropped in two spatial arrangements differing in spatial intimacy. Nitrogen fertilization resulted in similar grain yield increases for maize either in pure stands or in intercropping with soybean, indicating that the availability of nitrogen for the cereal was comparable in both cropping systems. Soybean yields were 22% lower in the presence of maize, as compared with a pure stand. The overall productivity of intercropping, as assessed by ATER (area-time equivalent ratio), was significantly higher than that of pure stands in 1988 and 1989. Land-use efficiency was higher when maize was intercropped with nodulating soybean, as compared to non-nodulating soybean, but only at 0 and 35 kg N ha−1.Key words: ATER, land-use efficiency, non-nodulating soybean isoline, nitrogen fertilization, spatial arrangement, interactions

Relationships of intercropped maize, stem borer damage to maize yield and land-use efficiency in the humid forest of Cameroon

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chabi-Olaye ◽  
C. Nolte ◽  
F. Schulthess ◽  
C. Borgemeister
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Humid Forest ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractStem borers are the most important maize pests in the humid forest zone of Cameroon. Field trials were conducted in the long and short rainy seasons of 2002 and 2003 to assess the level of damage and yield reductions caused by stem borers in monocropped maize and in maize intercropped with non-host plants such as cassava, cowpea and soybean. The intercrops were planted in two spatial arrangements, i.e. alternating hills or alternating rows. All intercrops and the maize monocrop were grown with and without insecticide treatment for assessment of maize yield loss due to borer attacks. The land-use efficiency of each mixed cropping system was evaluated by comparing it with the monocrop. The temporal fluctuation of larval infestations followed the same pattern in all cropping systems, but at the early stage of plant growth, larval densities were 21.3–48.1% higher in the monocrops than in intercrops, and they tended to be higher in alternating rows than alternating hills arrangements. At harvest, however, pest densities did not significantly vary between treatments. Maize monocrops had 3.0–8.8 times more stems tunnelled and 1.3–3.1 times more cob damage than intercrops. Each percentage increase in stem tunnelling lowered maize grain yield by 1.10 and 1.84 g per plant, respectively, during the long and short rainy season in 2002, and by 5.39 and 1.41 g per plant, respectively, in 2003. Maize yield losses due to stem borer were 1.8–3.0 times higher in monocrops than in intercrops. Intercrops had generally a higher land-use efficiency than monocrops, as indicated by land-equivalent-ratios and area-time-equivalent-ratios of >1.0. Land-use efficiency was similar in both spatial arrangements. At current price levels, the net production of mixed cropping systems was economically superior to controlling stem borers with insecticide in monocropped maize. The maize–cassava intercrop yielded the highest land equivalent ratios and the highest replacement value of the intercrop. At medium intensity cropping this system is thus recommended for land-constrained poor farmers who do not use external inputs such as fertilizer and insecticides.

scholarly journals Produção, clorofila e eficiência do uso da água em milheto cultivado em solo de área degradada (Production, chlorophyll and water use efficiency in millet grown in area with soil degraded)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Karla Da Fonseca Silva ◽  
Francisco Mário Nascimento Menezes ◽  
Maurilio Fernandes Oliveira ◽  
Nilzemary Lima da Silva ◽  
Fernando Lisboa Guedes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Sensitivity Factor ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Levels

Objetivou-se avaliar cultivares de milheto em função de níveis de lâminas de irrigação, cultivado em solo degradado coletado em Irauçuba-CE. O trabalho foi conduzido em pleno sol, em vasos com 12,5 dm3 de solo, que apresentava baixa fertilidade. As cultivares utilizadas foram ADR500, BRS1501, BRS1502, BRS1503 e IPABulk-1, com quatro níveis de irrigação: 100, 80, 60 e 40% em função da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), que foi mensurado por tanque classe ´A´. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, com três repetições. Até o 34° dia após a germinação das plantas, a quantidade de água aplicada foi equivalente a 100% da ETc, e depois iniciou-se a implementação dos vários níveis de irrigação, as plantas foram avaliadas 14 dias após a aplicação das lâminas, cujas variáveis mensuradas foram massa de matéria seca, teor de clorofila e eficiência no uso da água, ainda procedeu-se o cálculo do coeficiente de sensibilidade ao déficit hídrico (KY). As variáveis massa seca de raiz, caule e total, e eficiência no uso da água apresentaram decréscimos com a diminuição da quantidade de água aplicada. Os valores de KY foram inferiores a um (1,0) para as cultivares ADR500, BRS1501, BRS1503 e IPABulk1 para lâmina de 80% da evapotranspiração da cultura. As cultivares BRS1503 e IPA-Bulk1 apresentaram maiores valores para massa seca total e eficiência no uso da água. The objective was to study millet cultivars due to irrigation levels, in degraded soil of Irauçuba, State of Ceará. The study was conducted in full sun, in pots with soil 12.5 dm3, which had low fertility. The cultivars used ADR500, BRS1501, BRS1502, BRS1503 and IPABulk-1, with four irrigation levels: 100, 80, 60 and 40% depending on the crop evapotranspiration (ETc), which was measured by a tank class 'A '. Therefore, the design was completely randomized in a factorial design with three replications. Until the 34th day after germination of plants the amount of water applied was equivalent to 100% of ETc, and after work began on the implementation of the various levels of irrigation, the plants were conducted for over 14 days, whose mass variables dry matter, content of chlorophyll and efficiency in water use were measured, still proceeded to calculate the sensitivity coefficients to water deficit (KY). The mass variables of dry root, stem and total efficiency of water use showed decreases with decreasing amount of water applied. The KY values were less than 1 for cultivars ADR500, BRS1501, BRS1503 and IPABulk1 to slide 80% of the crop evapotranspiration. The BRS1503 and IPA-Bulk1 cultivars showed higher values for total dry matter and efficiency in water use. Key-words: Pennisetum americanum, irrigation, soil fertility, plant physiology, sensitivity factor   

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