Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the babassu palm (Attalea speciosa) in the eastern periphery of Amazonia, Brazil

ABSTRACT Babassu, Attalea speciosa (Arecaceae) is a ruderal palm native to Amazonia, which turned dominant in frequently burned lands throughout the ‘arc of deforestation’ and other degraded lands, in extreme cases attaining complete dominance. This study investigated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as one possible explanation for the outstanding ecological success of this exceptional palm. We explored the relationships between the babassu palm and native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and babassu effects on the AMF richness and mycorrhizal inoculum potential (MIP) in the eastern periphery of Amazonia. For this purpose, we sampled topsoil (0-20 cm) at the onset of the rainy season from a 5-year-old secondary forest regrowth (SEC) area with three levels of babassu dominance (sites with 10, 50 and 70% babassu biomass shares), and at three distances (0, 2.5 and 4 m) from isolated babassu patches within a degraded pasture (PAS), both with five replications per treatment. Glomerospore density varied from 100 to 302 per gram of soil, 56% higher in SEC than PAS. We identified a total of 16 AMF species, with dominance of Acaulospora (six species) followed by Glomus (three species). AMF richness increased with babassu dominance in SEC sites, and reduced with distance from babassu patches within the PAS. The colonization rate of babassu roots was higher in SEC than in PAS, whereas MIP was similar in both areas and without treatment differences. Our study points to strong mycorrhizal association of the babassu palm as a potential mechanism for its outstanding ecological success in degraded lands.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi along secondary forest succession at the eastern periphery of Amazonia: Seasonal variability and impacts of soil fertility

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.12.013 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Henry Alexander Reyes ◽

Paula Fernanda Alves Ferreira ◽

Luana Corrêa Silva ◽

Marlon Gomes da Costa ◽

Camila Pinheiro Nobre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Seasonal Variability ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Forest Succession ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Secondary Forest Succession ◽

Eastern Periphery

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Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of early stages of a secondary succession of Atlantic Forest in South Brazil

Acta Botanica Brasilica ◽

10.1590/s0102-33062006000300002 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 513-521 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sidney Luiz Stürmer ◽

Osmar Klauberg Filho ◽

Maike Hering de Queiroz ◽

Margarida Matos de Mendonça

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Secondary Succession ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Plant Species Richness ◽

Atlantic Rain Forest ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Mycorrhizal Inoculum Potential ◽

Successional Stages

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species diversity and mycorrhizal inoculum potential were assessed in areas representative of stages of secondary succession in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest. Within each stage - pioneer, 'capoeirinha' and 'capoeirão'- four transects were established and three soil samples were taken along each transect. The plant community was dominated by Pteridium aquilinium in the pioneer stage, while Dodonaea viscosa and P. aquilinium were co-dominants in the 'capoeirinha' stage. In capoeirão, Miconia cinnamomifolia was dominant followed by Euterpe edulis. Total spore number per 100 g soil was significantly larger in the 'capoeirinha' stage than in the other stages, although the number of viable spores was similar among stages. Acaulosporaceae and Glomeraceae were the predominant families accounting for 83% of the total spores recovered. Of the 18 spore morphotypes, 10 were allocated to known species, with Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp. being the dominants recovered in all samples. Simpson's index of diversity and evenness for AMF species were not significantly different among the successional stages and AMF species richness was negatively correlated with plant species richness. Soil from 'Capoeirinha" showed the highest inoculum potential (37%). Dominance of the mycorrhizal community by few sporulators and the relationship between plant and fungal diversity are discussed.

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Symbiotic association between golden berry (Physalis peruviana) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in heavy metal-contaminated soil

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.1515/jppr-2017-0024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 173-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marieta Hristozkova ◽

Maria Geneva ◽

Ira Stancheva ◽

Ivan Iliev ◽

Concepción Azcón-Aguilar

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Protein Accumulation ◽

Symbiotic Association ◽

Tropical Fruit ◽

Physalis Peruviana ◽

Mycorrhizal Association

AbstractPhysalis peruvianais one of the most promising tropical fruit plants because of its rapid growth, high yield, and nutritional quality. This study was designed to investigate plant development under heavy metal contamination (Cd, Pb) and responsiveness to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization byRhizophagus clarumandClaroideoglomus claroideum. The antioxidant capacity, total lipid content and fatty acid profile in fruits, accumulation of Cd and Pb in different plant parts, plant dry biomass, and mycorrhizal colonization were determined. As a result of inoculation, a considerable reduction in Cd and Pb in the fruits was observed, compared with non-inoculated plants. The fruit number and dry weight increased in plants associated withC. claroideum.These plants also showed higher acid phosphatase activity, root protein accumulation and glomalin production. The type of antioxidant defense was AMF strain-dependent. Antioxidant activity and H2O2neutralization were enzymatic rather than non-enzymatic processes in the fruits ofC. claroideumplants compared with those forming an association withR. clarum. Mycorrhizal establishment changed the composition and concentration of fruits’ fatty acids. The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids was increased. With respect to the accumulation of bioactive compounds in golden berry the present findings are important for obtaining the optimum benefits of mycorrhizal association under unfavorable conditions.

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COMPARATIVE INOCULUM POTENTIAL OF SPORES OF SIX VESICULAR-ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI

New Phytologist ◽

10.1111/j.1469-8137.1981.tb02319.x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 89 (3) ◽

pp. 385-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

B. A. DANIELS ◽

P. M. McCOOL ◽

J. A. MENGE

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Vesicular Arbuscular

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The Potential Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Restoration of Degraded Lands

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2016.01095 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Fisseha Asmelash ◽

Tamrat Bekele ◽

Emiru Birhane

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Potential Role ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Degraded Lands

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Effect of Removal of Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata, Brassicaeae) on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculum Potential in Forest Soils

The Open Ecology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874213001003010041 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 41-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Roger C. Anderson ◽

M. Rebecca Anderson ◽

Jonathan T. Bauer ◽

Mitchell Slater ◽

Jamie Herold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Alliaria Petiolata ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Garlic Mustard

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ARBUSCULAR MICORRHIZAL FUNGI ASSOCIATION IN TWO COFFEE FARMS WITH DIFFERENT CULTIVATION AT LAM DONG

Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.15625/2525-2518/55/1a/12376 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (1A) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Dang Hoang Quyen

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Infection Rate ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

High Density ◽

The Other ◽

Coffee Plantation ◽

Cultivation Method ◽

Mycorrhizal Association

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have an important role in agriculture because of the benefits on plant and ecosystem. However, mycorrhizal association is affected by many factors such as vegetation and farming conditions. In this study, AMF system on soil and roots of coffee were investigated from two coffee farms with different cultivation method in Lam Dong Province, one was not applied fertilizer in 4 years and the other was conventional. The density, the type of mycorrhizal spore and fungal infection rate on coffee roots are different between two coffee farms. Based on morphology, there are 119 types of AMF spore in both coffee farms and most of them belongs to genera Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Entrophospora and Glomus. Spore types RE7, W6 and W1 belonged to Acaulospora and Y5 belonged to Entrophospora appeared in both farms. Besides, spore types B7, RE10, Yc, RE1 and Y1 were recorded in high density (1-4 spores /g soil). All of them were the potential strains for developing the VAM fertilizer specialized to coffee plantation.

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Infection intensity, spore density and inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi decrease during secondary succession in tropical Brazilian ecosystems

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467412000399 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (5) ◽

pp. 453-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Waldemar Zangaro ◽

Adrielly Pereira Ansanelo ◽

Luis Eduardo Azevedo Marques Lescano ◽

Ricardo de Almeida Alves ◽

Artur Berbel Lírio Rondina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Infection Intensity ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Am Fungi ◽

Spore Density ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

Early Stages ◽

Successional Stages

Abstract:Little is known about the relationship involving arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and functional groups of plants that characterize different phases of tropical succession. We appraised the AM infection intensity of root cortex and spore density in the soil in sites over tropical successional gradients (grassland, secondary forest and mature forest) for several years in Araucaria, Atlantic and Pantanal ecosystems in Brazil. The intensity of AM infection decreased with advancing successional stages in all ecosystems and it was around 60–80% in early stages of succession, 37–56% in secondary forests and 19–29% in mature forests. Similarly, the AM spore number also decreased with advancing succession and was the highest in early stages (73–123 g−1), intermediate in secondary forests (32–54 g−1) and lowest in the mature forests (10–23 g−1). To verify whether such reductions influenced the potential of AM inoculum in soil, seedlings of Heliocarpus popayanensis (Malvaceae) were grown as test plants in soils obtained from five grasslands, five young secondary forests, and five mature forests in the Atlantic ecosystem. The soil inocula from the grasslands and secondary forests were 7.6 and 5.7 times more effective in stimulating seedling growth than inocula from the mature forests, respectively. Our results show that plant species in grasslands and young secondary forests stimulate the multiplication of AM fungi, leading to a higher potential of the AM inoculum. In later-successional stages, plant investment in AM fungi decreases and the potential of the AM inoculum is also reduced.

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Entry and colonization of Asparagus officinalis roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with emphasis on changes in host microtubules

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b99-119 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (8) ◽

pp. 1159-1167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yoh-ichi Matsubara ◽

Yukari Uetake ◽

R. Larry Peterson

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Glomus Intraradices ◽

Lateral Roots ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Transverse Plane ◽

Asparagus Officinalis ◽

Cortical Microtubules ◽

Mycorrhizal Association ◽

Tangential Wall

First-order lateral roots of Asparagus officinalis L. have a dimorphic exodermis consisting of short and long cells. Short cells have a thickened outer tangential wall, retain their cytoplasm, appear to have high levels of Ca2+, and undergo suberization later than contiguous long cells. In regions of the root in which the dimorphic nature of the exodermis is clearly evident, short cells have numerous cortical microtubules arranged predominantly in the transverse plane in reference to the long axis of the root. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (either indigenous unidentified species in field-grown plants or Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith in colonized plants in a growth chamber) form appressoria on epidermal cells located above exodermal short cells and infection hyphae then penetrate the outer tangential wall of short cells. A hyphal coil forms in short cells, and microtubules become closely associated with the coil; some cortical microtubules are retained in colonized short cells. A typical Arum type of arbuscular mycorrhizal association forms in the cortex, and concomitant with this, a rearrangement of microtubules occurs. During arbuscule formation, microtubules are associated with the large trunk hypha and with the fine arbuscule branches; cortical microtubules, although reduced in number, are present. As the arbuscule degenerates, a few microtubules are still associated with the hyphal clump and many cortical microtubules, oriented primarily in a transverse plane, are present. This study shows that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi interact closely with the microtubular component of the cytoskeleton from the earliest stages of entry through arbuscule degeneration. These results support the concept that biotrophic fungal species have evolved intimate associations with plant cells.Key words: asparagus, roots, mycorrhizas, exodermis, microtubules.

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