scholarly journals ARBUSCULAR MICORRHIZAL FUNGI ASSOCIATION IN TWO COFFEE FARMS WITH DIFFERENT CULTIVATION AT LAM DONG

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1A) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dang Hoang Quyen
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Cultivation Method ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have an important role in agriculture because of the benefits on plant and ecosystem. However, mycorrhizal association is affected by many factors such as vegetation and farming conditions. In this study, AMF system on soil and roots of coffee were investigated from two coffee farms with different cultivation method in Lam Dong Province, one was not applied fertilizer in 4 years and the other was conventional. The density, the type of mycorrhizal spore and fungal infection rate on coffee roots are different between two coffee farms. Based on morphology, there are 119 types of AMF spore in both coffee farms and most of them belongs to genera Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Entrophospora and Glomus. Spore types RE7, W6 and W1 belonged to Acaulospora and Y5 belonged to Entrophospora appeared in both farms. Besides, spore types B7, RE10, Yc, RE1 and Y1 were recorded in high density (1-4 spores /g soil). All of them were the potential strains for developing the VAM fertilizer specialized to coffee plantation.  

scholarly journals Symbiotic association between golden berry (Physalis peruviana) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in heavy metal-contaminated soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Hristozkova ◽  
Maria Geneva ◽  
Ira Stancheva ◽  
Ivan Iliev ◽  
Concepción Azcón-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association

AbstractPhysalis peruvianais one of the most promising tropical fruit plants because of its rapid growth, high yield, and nutritional quality. This study was designed to investigate plant development under heavy metal contamination (Cd, Pb) and responsiveness to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization byRhizophagus clarumandClaroideoglomus claroideum. The antioxidant capacity, total lipid content and fatty acid profile in fruits, accumulation of Cd and Pb in different plant parts, plant dry biomass, and mycorrhizal colonization were determined. As a result of inoculation, a considerable reduction in Cd and Pb in the fruits was observed, compared with non-inoculated plants. The fruit number and dry weight increased in plants associated withC. claroideum.These plants also showed higher acid phosphatase activity, root protein accumulation and glomalin production. The type of antioxidant defense was AMF strain-dependent. Antioxidant activity and H2O2neutralization were enzymatic rather than non-enzymatic processes in the fruits ofC. claroideumplants compared with those forming an association withR. clarum. Mycorrhizal establishment changed the composition and concentration of fruits’ fatty acids. The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids was increased. With respect to the accumulation of bioactive compounds in golden berry the present findings are important for obtaining the optimum benefits of mycorrhizal association under unfavorable conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on three strawberry cultivars under salty conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Sinclair ◽  
Christiane Charest ◽  
Yolande Dalpé ◽  
Shahrokh Khanizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Shoot Mass

Plant adaptation to hyperosmotic environments is generally associated with reduced growth and ultimately yield loss, making farming difficult. The potential of mycorrhizal symbioses to alleviate salt stress has been documented and benefits to plant revealed to be specific and dependent to both plant cultivars and fungal strains.  A factorial greenhouse experiment was performed to determine the effects of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species (Funneliformis caledonius, F. mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis) on three ‘day-neutral’ strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars (‘Albion’, ‘Charlotte’ and ‘Seascape’), and a mixture of R. irregularis and F. mosseae on ‘Seascape’, under four salt conditions (0–200 mM NaCl).  The overall results showed that plant biomass decreased with increasing salinity.  The cultivars responded differently to both AMF and salinity, and ‘Seascape’ was more tolerant to salinity than the other cultivars.  AMF enhanced plant growth and improved salt tolerance by increasing the proportion of medium (0.5<ɸ≤1.5 mm) and coarse (ɸ>1.5 mm) diameter roots. The mixture of two AMF species increased root and shoot mass to a higher degree than each species alone at low salinity (0–50 mM) but reduced fruit quality.  At higher levels (100–200 mM), R. irregularis alleviated salt stress and improved fruit quality to a higher degree than the other AMF species.  Our results support the use of bio-inoculants in saline horticultural areas.  Because cultivars respond differently to fungal inoculants, and inoculants prefer specific environmental conditions, fungal inoculants need to be screened on a cultivar- and condition-specific basis.

scholarly journals Spore density and root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in preserved or disturbed Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze. ecosystems

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Moreira ◽  
Dilmar Baretta ◽  
Siu Mui Tsai ◽  
Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Araucaria Forest

Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Ktze., a native forest tree from Brazil, is under extinction risk. This tree depends on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for growth and development, especially in tropical low-P soils but, despite being a conifer, Araucaria does not form ectomycorrhiza, but only the arbuscular endomycorrhiza. This study aimed at surveying data on the spore density and root colonization (CR) by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in Araucaria angustifolia forest ecosystems, in order to discriminate natural, implemented, and anthropic action-impacted ecosystems, by means of Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA). Three ecosystems representative of the Campos do Jordão (SP, Brazil) region were selected: 1. a native forest (FN); 2. a replanted Araucaria forest (R); and 3. a replanted Araucaria forest, submitted to accidental fire (RF). Rhizosphere soil and roots were sampled in May and October, 2002, for root colonization, AMF identification, and spores counts. Root percent colonization rates at first collection date were relatively low and did not differ amongst ecosystems. At the second period, FN presented higher colonization than the other two areas, with much higher figures than during the first period, for all areas. Spore density was lower in FN than in the other areas. A total of 26 AMF species were identified. The percent root colonization and spore numbers were inversely related to each other in all ecosystems. CDA indicated that there is spatial distinction among the three ecosystems in regard to the evaluated parameters.

Entry and colonization of Asparagus officinalis roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with emphasis on changes in host microtubules

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1159-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoh-ichi Matsubara ◽  
Yukari Uetake ◽  
R. Larry Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Transverse Plane ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Cortical Microtubules ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Tangential Wall

First-order lateral roots of Asparagus officinalis L. have a dimorphic exodermis consisting of short and long cells. Short cells have a thickened outer tangential wall, retain their cytoplasm, appear to have high levels of Ca2+, and undergo suberization later than contiguous long cells. In regions of the root in which the dimorphic nature of the exodermis is clearly evident, short cells have numerous cortical microtubules arranged predominantly in the transverse plane in reference to the long axis of the root. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (either indigenous unidentified species in field-grown plants or Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith in colonized plants in a growth chamber) form appressoria on epidermal cells located above exodermal short cells and infection hyphae then penetrate the outer tangential wall of short cells. A hyphal coil forms in short cells, and microtubules become closely associated with the coil; some cortical microtubules are retained in colonized short cells. A typical Arum type of arbuscular mycorrhizal association forms in the cortex, and concomitant with this, a rearrangement of microtubules occurs. During arbuscule formation, microtubules are associated with the large trunk hypha and with the fine arbuscule branches; cortical microtubules, although reduced in number, are present. As the arbuscule degenerates, a few microtubules are still associated with the hyphal clump and many cortical microtubules, oriented primarily in a transverse plane, are present. This study shows that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi interact closely with the microtubular component of the cytoskeleton from the earliest stages of entry through arbuscule degeneration. These results support the concept that biotrophic fungal species have evolved intimate associations with plant cells.Key words: asparagus, roots, mycorrhizas, exodermis, microtubules.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Amaranthus dubius mart.ex thell and Gomphrena globosa L .

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
C Hemavani ◽  
B Thippeswamy
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Gomphrena Globosa ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are found associated with more than 80% of the plants. But most of the studies show that Amaranthaceae is non mycorrhizal. The present study states the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal association with Amaranthus dubius Mart ex Thell and Gomphrena globosa L which belong to Amaranthaceae. The plants were screened for the examination of presence of arbuscules, vesicles in the roots and spores in the rhizosphere soil which help to know that mycorrhiza is associated with Amaranthaceae species. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i1.18857 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(1), 59-62, 2014

scholarly journals Mechanistic Insights into Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi-Mediated Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahadur ◽  
Asfa Batool ◽  
Fahad Nasir ◽  
Shengjin Jiang ◽  
Qin Mingsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Drought Stress Tolerance ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic interaction with 80% of known land plants. It has a pronounced impact on plant growth, water absorption, mineral nutrition, and protection from abiotic stresses. Plants are very dynamic systems having great adaptability under continuously changing drying conditions. In this regard, the function of AMF as a biological tool for improving plant drought stress tolerance and phenotypic plasticity, in terms of establishing mutualistic associations, seems an innovative approach towards sustainable agriculture. However, a better understanding of these complex interconnected signaling pathways and AMF-mediated mechanisms that regulate the drought tolerance in plants will enhance its potential application as an innovative approach in environmentally friendly agriculture. This paper reviews the underlying mechanisms that are confidently linked with plant–AMF interaction in alleviating drought stress, constructing emphasis on phytohormones and signaling molecules and their interaction with biochemical, and physiological processes to maintain the homeostasis of nutrient and water cycling and plant growth performance. Likewise, the paper will analyze how the AMF symbiosis helps the plant to overcome the deleterious effects of stress is also evaluated. Finally, we review how interactions between various signaling mechanisms governed by AMF symbiosis modulate different physiological responses to improve drought tolerance. Understanding the AMF-mediated mechanisms that are important for regulating the establishment of the mycorrhizal association and the plant protective responses towards unfavorable conditions will open new approaches to exploit AMF as a bioprotective tool against drought.

scholarly journals The role of arbuscular mycorrhiza in zinc uptake by lettuce grown at two phosphorus levels in the substrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Konieczny ◽  
Iwona Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Funneliformis Mosseae ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in Zn uptake by plants and can partially mitigate the effects of its deficit. On the other hand, they are involved in reducing the accumulation of Zn and its toxicity to plants when it is present in excessive concentrations in the soil. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of two AMF, i.e., Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices on Zn uptake by lettuce plants grown at two P levels and elevated concentrations of Zn in a peat substrate. The experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of mycorrhization of lettuce grown in the peat substrate; however, the arbuscular mycorrhiza did not reduce the uptake of Zn by lettuce. The AMF used in the experiment differentially affected the Zn content in lettuce. Compared to uninoculatedplants, R. intraradices increased the Zn content in lettuce, whereas F. mosseae did not affect the Zn content.

scholarly journals Cadmium effect on the association of jackbean (Canavalia ensiformis) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Adrián López de Andrade ◽  
Renato Atílio Jorge ◽  
Adriana Parada Dias da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Extraradical Mycelium ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Mycorrhizal Roots ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

The effect of cadmium (Cd) on mycorrhizal association and on shoot and root Cd concentration was investigated in jackbean plants under hydroponic conditions. The treatments consisted of the inoculation of three different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Glomus etunicatum, G. intraradices and G. macrocarpum, and a non-inoculated control, two Cd (0 and 5 µmol L-1) and two P (1 and 10 mg L-1) levels in the nutrient solution. Mycorrhizal colonization, length of AMF extraradical mycelium, guaiacol peroxidase activity in roots, plant growth and root and shoot Cd and P concentrations were determined. Mycorrhizal status did not promote jackbean growth but in most of the cases mycorrhization increased root and shoot Cd concentrations. Cd ions were accumulated mainly in roots and only small amounts were translocated to the shoot. Cd addition did not affect root colonization by AMF but the AM extraradical mycelium (ERM) was sensitive to the added Cd. ERM length was reduced by 25% in the presence of Cd. This reduction was more pronounced under conditions of low P concentration. Also at this P concentration, Cd addition decreased guaiacol peroxidase activity in non-mycorrhizal roots and in roots colonized by G. macrocarpum. However, mycorrhizal roots maintained lower values of peroxidase activity. G. etunicatum showed the best performance when associated to jackbean plants and it could be a promising association for phytoremediation of Cd- contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Colonisation of apple and blackcurrant roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi following mycorrhisation and the use of organic mulches

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Derkowska ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Beata Sumorok ◽  
Barbara Dyki
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Mycorrhizal Association ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to determine the effect of mycorrhisation and mulching on the colonisation of the roots of ‘Gold Milennium’ apple trees and ‘Ojebyn’ and ‘Tiben’ blackcurrant bushes by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In order to assess mycorrhizal frequency, samples of roots were collected in the 2012 season from all of the experimental combinations (control, peat substrate, bark, sawdust, manure, compost, mycorrhizal substrate and straw). The results of the analyses showed that all of the different mulches had a positive effect on increasing the degree of mycorrhizal association. In apple, the highest mycorrhizal frequency (F% - mycorrhizal frequency for the entire sample) and mycorrhizal intensity (M% - relative mycorrhizal frequency for the entire sample) were observed in the roots of trees inoculated with the mycorrhizal substrate (F = 24.40%, M = 0.24%) and those mulched with compost (F = 16.67%, M = 0.17%). In blackcurrant, the highest values of mycorrhizal frequency and mycorrhizal intensity were recorded in the roots of ‘Tiben’ bushes inoculated with the mycorrhizal substrate (F = 37.78%, M = 0.38%) and those mulched with sawdust (F = 21.11%, M = 0.21%).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document