scholarly journals Forest restoration in the floodplains of the Amazon estuary subjected to intensive açaí management

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosileia da Costa Carvalho ◽  
Lívia de Freitas Navegantes Alves ◽  
Renan do Vale Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Floodplain Forests ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ecosystem Conservation ◽  
Amazon Estuary

Abstract The expansion and intensification of açaí management in floodplain forests of the Amazonian estuary have resulted in changes in floristic composition and in biodiversity losses, causing problems to ecosystems and endangering livelihoods of riverine communities. These transformations have prompted the need for forest restoration. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze forest recovery initiatives carried out in floodplain forests previously subjected to intensive açaí management in the Amazonian estuary. Methods included structured interviews and questionnaires. Results reveled the following restoration types: 1) area enrichment: subtype 1 - high floodplain forest (7.89%) and subtype 2 - low floodplain forest (44.75%); 2) directing natural regeneration of native species (34.21%); 3) cultivation of native species (13.15%). Results suggest that forest restoration efforts can promote sustainable production of açaí, productive diversity, ecosystem conservation and generate income for riverine families.

scholarly journals REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL EM SUB-BOSQUE DE Corymbia citriodora NO NOROESTE DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ

FLORESTA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edilson Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Letícia Penno de Sousa ◽  
Maria Izabel Radomski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
North West ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora

O desenvolvimento de espécies nativas plantadas em consórcio com eucaliptos, ou regeneradas naturalmente em povoamentos dessas espécies, vem sendo acompanhado em propriedades rurais do noroeste do estado do Paraná. Esses sistemas se destacam por constituir uma opção para a recuperação da cobertura florestal em ambientes degradados pela pecuária e agricultura intensivas, propiciando rentabilidade econômica, com possibilidade de atender a legislação ambiental para Reserva Legal. O presente trabalho visa conhecer o potencial de recomposição da vegetação nativa em sub-bosque de Corymbia citriodora, nas condições ambientais e de uso do solo daquela região. Assim, foi avaliada a composição florística e a estrutura da vegetação formada sob a rebrota de um povoamento dessa espécie, situado em São Pedro do Paraná (PR). Foram encontradas cinquenta e três espécies oriundas de regeneração natural numa densidade de 4.725 plantas por hectare. As plantas, identificadas até o nível de espécie, foram enquadradas segundo seu grupo ecológico e/ou usos potenciais.Foram observados parâmetros estruturais que mostraram o elevado potencial de regeneração natural e crescimento da vegetação em sub-bosque de C. citriodora, indicando que, com manejo adequado, essa espécie pode ser usada como uma facilitadora para fins de recomposição de vegetação nativa.Palavras-chave: Regeneração natural; plantação florestal; composição florística. AbstractNatural regeneration in understory of Corymbia citriodora plantation, in north-west of Paraná state, Brazil. Natural regeneration in eucalyptus stands, as well as forest plantations that combine eucalyptus and native species, have been monitored in rural areas in the north-west of Paraná State, Brazil. Such forest systems involving eucalyptus represent an alternative for forest recovery and regeneration in areas degraded by livestock and intensive agriculture. Furthermore, such plantations offer new economic opportunities for landowners while providing incentives for their compliance with environmental regulations for saving a minimum amount of forested land (Reserva Legal). This study aims to understand the potential of natural vegetation recovery in the understory of Corymbia citriodora stands, due to the context of current environment and land use in the region. Thus, it evaluates floristic composition and vegetation structure in the understory re-growth within such plantation stands, in São Pedro do Paraná (Paraná State). As result, it identified 53 species from natural regeneration at a density of 4725 plants per hectare. Such plants, identified at the species level, were organized accordingly to their ecological group and/or potential uses. The observed structural parameters pointed to a high potential for natural regeneration and growth of vegetation in the understory of C. citriodora, which reveals that, with appropriated management, these species could be used to make native restoration vegetation easer in the region.Keywords: Natural regeneration; forest plantations; floristic composition.

scholarly journals Natural Regeneration After Gold Mining in the Peruvian Amazon: Implications for Restoration of Tropical Forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Chambi-Legoas ◽  
Daigard Ricardo Ortega Rodriguez ◽  
Francisco de Marques de Figueiredo ◽  
Joel Peña Valdeiglesias ◽  
Percy Amílcar Zevallos Pollito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Secondary Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Madre De Dios

Context: Gold mining is the most destructive activity in the natural forests of the Madre de Dios region in the southeastern Peruvian Amazon. Understanding the natural regeneration process of these degraded areas is necessary to develop forest restoration projects in such conditions.Aims: We aimed to evaluate forest recovery and identify the successional and structure patterns of vegetation governing natural regeneration over time.Methods: Structure, composition, richness, diversity, and successional status were evaluated in abandoned artisanal gold mine areas in Madre de Dios, southeastern Peru. Vegetation data were recorded in 61 plots of 250 m2 established in five sites varying from 1 to 19 years of abandonment. Vegetation in abandoned areas was compared with six undisturbed forests evaluated in previous inventories.Results: In the mining lands, tree density and basal area recovered quickly, while species richness and composition were slow. Forest recovery is an initial stage of transition from pioneer to early secondary species until at least 19 years after abandonment. The most abundant and frequent species were the fast-growing species Ochroma pyramidale and Cecropia engleriana. These species could be considered potential candidates to promote restoration plans. Pioneer species represented 63% of the number of species in plots of 1–4 years, 57% in plots of 5–7 years, and 50% in plots of 8–19 years. Early and late secondary species represented 34 and 16%, respectively, of the number of species in plots of 8–19 years. Abandoned mining and reference plots present less than 5% of species in common.Conclusion: Our results highlight a slow natural regeneration process in areas for up to 19 years after gold mining. Species from different successional statuses were identified as potential candidates for recovering vegetation in such areas. Our findings may have important implications for further research focusing on the ecological restoration in tropical forests severely degraded by gold mining.

scholarly journals COMPOSIÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E ESTRUTURA DE FLORESTA EM VÁRZEA ALTA ESTUARINA AMAZÔNICA

FLORESTA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Leite De Queiroz ◽  
Silas Mochiutti ◽  
Sebastião Do Amaral Machado ◽  
Franklin Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Amazon Estuary ◽  
Pentaclethra Macroloba ◽  
Absolute Dominance ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

O presente estudo foi desenvolvido objetivando avaliar a composição florística e a estrutura de floresta de várzea alta do estuário amazônico. Uma parcela amostral de 1,0 ha, dividida em subparcelas de 20 x 50 m, foi instalada no Bailique/AP, furo do Mazagão/AP e rio Maniva/PA, e medidos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 5 cm. Foram identificados 69 espécies e 60 gêneros de 29 famílias, sendo que 21 espécies foram comuns aos três locais e 24 a apenas um dos três locais. As famílias mais abundantes foram: Arecaceae com 416 plantas/ha (50,4%), com a espécie Euterpe oleracea Mart., 207 plantas/ha (25,1%) e Astrocaryum murumuru Mart. 160 plantas/ha (19,4%); Caesalpiniaceae com 95 plantas/ha (11,5%) com a espécie Mora paraensis Ducke, 82 plantas/ha (9,9%) e família Mimosaceae com 83 plantas/ha (10,0%), com a espécie Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze 56 plantas/ha (6,7%). Para dominância absoluta: 30,07; 34,18; e 36,56 m2/ha. Diversidade de espécies: 2,31; 2,67 e 2,84. Quociente de mistura: 1:18, 1:18 e 1:20 no Bailique, Mazagão e Maniva, respectivamente. Floristic composition and forest’s structure in Amazon estuarine high floodplain Abstract The present study was developed aiming to evaluate the floristic composition and the structure of high floodplain forest in the Amazon estuary. One sample plot of one hectare divided in sub-plots of 20 x 50 m, were installed in Bailique/AP, furo do Mazagão/AP and rio Maniva/PA, for measurement of all trees with DBH ≥ 5 cm. It was identified 69 species and 60 genera of 29 families, with 21 species common to the three areas and 24 only at one of the three areas. The families most abundant were: Arecaceae with 416 plants/ha (50,4%) with the specie Euterpe oleracea Mart. 207 plants/ha (25,1%) and Astrocaryum murumuru Mart. 160 plants/ha (19,4%), Caesalpiniaceae with 95 plants/ha (11,5%) with the specie Mora paraensis Ducke 82 plants/ha (9,9%), and Mimosaceae family with 83 plants/ha (10,0%), with Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze 56 plants/ha (6,7%). Absolute dominance were: 30,07; 34,18; and 36,56 m2/ha. Species diversity: 2,31; 2,67 and 2,84. Mixture quotients: 1:18, 1:18 and 1:20 for Bailique, Mazagão and Maniva, respectively.

scholarly journals Performance of Five Native Atlantic Forest Species Planted in Containers of Different Size for Restoring Degraded Areas in Minas Gerais

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Vicente Toledo Machado de Morais Junior ◽  
Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine ◽  
Klisman Oliveira ◽  
Thaynara Pereira Albuquerque ◽  
Isabella Salgado Faustino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Forest Recovery ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Plastic Bags

Forest restoration in Brazil has gained relevance in the country’s environmental agenda, due to the need for forest recovery of large liabilities of existing forests and participation in several international vegetation restoration agreements. However, forest restoration management faces challenges, it being necessary to create a database of species-level performances to increase the success of these projects. The objective was to evaluate the survival and growth of five Atlantic Forest native species (Anadenanthera macrocarpa; Ceiba speciosa; Cytharexyllum myrianthum; Hymenaea courbaril; and Peltophorum dubium) in plastic bags (1177 cm3) and tubes (180 cm3). Ninety seedlings (18 of each species) were planted per container. Plant performance in the field consisted of evaluating the increase in the diameter and height of seedlings of the native forest species. Diameter at soil level (DSL) and plant height (H) were measured at 42 months after transplanting, and the monthly periodic increments (MPI) of the DSL and H were calculated. Plant survival (SV) of seedlings was affected by the type of container, registering the highest SV rates in those planted in plastic bags. Cytharexyllum myrianthum and H. courbaril presented high SV rates in tubes. The growth rate of the species at 42 months differed according to the containers tested. Cytharexyllum myrianthum presented the lowest SV rates (16.7–27.8%), regardless of the container used in this experiment. Ceiba speciosa was sensitive to the reduction in size of the container, showing low SV in tubes (27%) compared with plastic bags (61%); i.e., this species did not tolerate conditions with root growth restriction. Anadenathera macrocarpa and H. courbaril showed no differences in SV, regardless of the container used. The results assist the production of native species of the Atlantic Forest, reinforcing the need to understand performances in the field at the species level.

scholarly journals Regeneração natural em povoamentos de Araucaria angustifolia e Pinus sp. em Tunas do Paraná, PR

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (85) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joema Carvalho ◽  
Santiago José Elías Velazco ◽  
Tiaro Katu Pereira ◽  
Franklin Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Above Ground Level

Com o propósito de estudar a regeneração natural em povoamentos de Araucaria angustifolia (PA) e Pinus sp.(PP), sem manejo, nas áreas do Parque Estadual de Campinhos, no Município de Tunas do Paraná, PR, foram instaladas 18 parcelas de 10 m2, 7 para PA e 11 para PP. Amostraram-se todos os indivíduos maiores que 1,5 m de altura, dos quais se mensurou o perímetro à 1,30 m do nível do solo. No PA obteve-se 586 indivíduos, 67 espécies e 29 famílias e no PP foram mensurados 442 indivíduos de 58 espécies e 22 famílias. As espécies mais importantes no PA foram Cordyline spectabilis, Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus e Clethra scabra, e no PP C. spectabilis, Lonchocarpus sp1. e Cupania vernalis. O PA apresentou parâmetros fitossociológicos e diversidade superiores ao PP. A composição florística foi similar em ambos, o que denotou o potencial regenerativo do PP.Natural regeneration under reforestation of Araucaria angustifolia and Pinus sp. in Tunas do Paraná, PR, BrazilThis study aimed to assess the natural regeneration in stands of Araucaria angustifolia (PA) and Pinus sp. (PP) without management in Campinhos State Park, in the Municipality of Tunas do Paraná, Parana State, Brazil. Eighteen plots of 10 m2 were installed, 7 plots for PA and 11 for PP. All trees higher than 1.5 m were sampled and their circumference were measured at 1.30 m above ground level. In PA stand there were 586 individuals, corresponding to 67 species and 29 families and in PP stand 442 individuals of 58 species and 22 families were measured. The most important species in PA were Cordyline spectabilis, Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus and Clethra scabra; and in PP were C. spectabilis, Lonchocarpus sp.1 and Cupania vernalis. PA showed phytosociological parameters and diversity higher than PP. The floristic composition was similar for both stands, which denoted the regenerative potential of PP.Index terms: Native species; Forest plantation; Conservation unit

scholarly journals Influences of environmental variables on the natural regeneration in a forest under restoration after bauxite mining and a reference ecosystem in Southeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly de Almeida Silva ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins ◽  
Aurino Miranda Neto
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Reference Ecosystem

The shrub-tree floristic compositions of the natural regeneration stratum of a bauxite mine in the process of restoration and in a reference ecosystem (remnant of a preserved secondary Seasonal Semi-Deciduous Forest) were analysed to evaluate forest restoration conditions five years after planting. The influences of canopy openness, accumulated leaf litter and soil attributes in the regeneration stratum were also investigated in both forests. The floristic composition of the regeneration stratum in the restoration forest and in the reference ecosystem are distinct, due to the difference in the environmental variables. Results showed that the reference ecosystem favours the presence of species that tolerate environments with greater shading and higher aluminium and organic matter content in the soil, while the forest under restoration favours the presence of species adapted to fertile soils and those that tolerate greater luminosity. The restoration actions implanted are making possible the return of native species in bauxite mined area.

scholarly journals COMPOSIÇÃO FLORÍSTICA, DIVERSIDADE E ESTRUTURA DA VEGETAÇÃO ARBÓREO-ARBUSTIVA DE CAATINGA SOB SISTEMAS SILVICULTURAIS

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Marcelo Silva de Lucena ◽  
Allyson Rocha Alves ◽  
Ivonete Alves Bakke
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Regeneration Time ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Absolute Dominance

O presente artigo visou investigar a composição florística, diversidade e parâmetros estruturais proporcionados por quatro sistemas silviculturais à vegetação arbóreo-arbustiva de Caatinga em dois locais contíguos. Um deles está localizado na Estação Ecológica do Seridó (EES); o outro na Fazenda Pedro Cândido (FPC); os dois situados em Serra Negra do Norte-RN. Os sistemas silviculturais foram: corte raso; corte seletivo (diâmetro na base – DNB > 8 cm); corte raso com queima dos resíduos da colheita; corte raso com queima dos resíduos da colheita e destoca do caule. Mediu-se em cada área 16 parcelas, com inclusão de indivíduos com CAP>6 cm. Determinou-se: composição florística, riqueza de espécies, diversidade, densidade de fustes, dominância absoluta, IP e IMA (1989-2016). Comparou-se a diversidade (J’) pelo teste de Tukey (P < 0,05). A riqueza de espécies apresentou condições semelhantes às da época da instalação do experimento. A grande abundância de algumas espécies contribuiu para a redução da diversidade medida pelo Índice de Shannon-Weaver, em relação a 1989. Os incrementos proporcionados pelos sistemas silviculturais variaram conforme a área, com tendência de redução do ritmo de crescimento em ambas. O tempo de regeneração (27 anos) não foi suficiente para a restauração integral da dominância absoluta.Palavras-chave: estrutura florestal, restauração florestal, regeneração natural, semiárido. FLORISTIC COMPOSITION, DIVERSITY AND STRUCTURE OF SHRUB-ARBOREAL VEGETATION OF CAATINGA UNDER SILVICULTURAL SYSTEMS  ABSTRACT:This work aimed to investigate the floristic composition, the diversity and structural parameters provided by four silvicultural systems to arboreal-shrub vegetation in two areas Caatinga. The first area is in the Seridó Ecological Station (SES) and the second is on Pedro Cândido Farm (PCF), in the county of Serra Negra do Norte-RN. The silvicultural systems used were: general cut; selective cut of individuals with base circumference > 8 cm; general cut of all individuals and subsequent burning of crop residues; general cut with subsequent burning of crop residues and removal of stem from soil. It was determined: floristic composition, species richness, diversity, density of stems, absolute dominance, periodic increase and average annual increment (1989-2016). The diversity (J ') was compared by Tukey's test (P < 0,05). The species richness presented conditions similar to those at the time of the installation of the experiment. The greater abundance of some species contributed to the reduction of diversity measured by the Shannon-Weaver Index, in relation to 1989. The increases provided by silvicultural systems varied according to the area, with tendency to reduce of rate the growth in both. The regeneration time (27 years) was not sufficient for the complete restoration of absolute dominance.Keywords: forestry structure, forest restoration, natural regeneration, semiarid.

scholarly journals Forest restoration by different nucleation techniques in Urochloa grassland

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosimeri de Oliveira Fragoso ◽  
Antonio Aparecido Carpanezzi ◽  
Katia Christina Zuffellato-Ribas ◽  
Henrique Soares Koehler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽  
Over Time

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of brushwood, black plastic mulch, herbicide, and artificial perch on the natural regeneration of native species in Urochloa grassland. The experiment was conducted between February 2014 and February 2016 in the Dense Ombrophilous Forest, in the municipality of Morretes, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The treatments were: herbicide, herbicide + perch, black plastic mulch, black plastic mulch + perch, brushwood + herbicide, brushwood + herbicide + perch, and a control treatment. The evaluations were carried out at 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months after the installation of the experiment, by counting and identifying regenerating woody species and estimating visually the percentage of herbaceous coverage. Initially, brushwood and black plastic mulch reduced the Urochloa grasses; however, this effect was lost over time due to the rapid growth of the grasses from the edges to the center of the plots. The use of perches in the treatments does not allow a significant increase of other species because of the continued inhibiting conditions for the establishment of seedlings. The herbicide is effective in removing the grasses; however, the recruitment of woody species is only satisfactory when perches are used to attract the dispersing fauna. For a successful ecological restoration of pastures, there is a need for the local elimination of Urochloa grasses.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Natural Regeneration: Implications for Landscape Restoration in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Siminski ◽  
Daisy Christiane Zambiazi ◽  
Karine Louise dos Santos ◽  
Alfredo Celso Fantini
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Floristic Similarity

This study aimed to understand post-agricultural natural forest regeneration in the Southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest and its possible role as a cost-effective, passive approach to forest restoration. The study characterized vegetation structure, floristic composition, and the dynamics of secondary forest chronosequences. Data were collected from 159 plots (10 × 10 m each) across forest remnants in Santa Catarina State, covering forest ages that ranged from 2 to 60 years of regeneration after swidden agriculture. Only areas with no signs of degradation were sampled in order to provide a description of vegetation characteristics that could be used to identify and monitor natural regeneration. A total of 11,455 woody plants were identified and classified into 334 species representing 71 families. As the succession process unfolds, the continuous turnover of species makes forests more diverse and structurally complex. Floristic similarity among forest types is observed during the early stages of succession, but decreases over time. Pioneer species dominate young secondary forests, representing about 40% of the basal area up to 10 years of regeneration. Shade-tolerant species start colonizing the sites at early ages; however, they become more important structural elements only after 30 years of succession. The observed patterns of forest structure and species diversity largely conform to the post-agricultural succession seen in many tropical forests. The high species diversity found in this study highlights the importance of natural regeneration as a strategy to restore ecosystems. Floristic data can be used as a reference for choosing suitable species for active restoration, as well as contributing to the design of integrated restoration strategies. We herein reinforce the potential of natural regeneration as part of large-scale restoration programs, which would be particularly attractive to family farmers by the low cost of supplies and labor.

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