Translation and cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and reliability assessment

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) is a tool that was initially developed to predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. This tool is simple, quick to apply, non-invasive, and low-cost. The aims of this study were to perform a translation and cultural adaptation of the original version of FINDRISC into Brazilian Portuguese and to assess test-retest reliability. Methodology: This work was done following the ISPOR Principles of Good Practice for the Translation and Cultural Adaptation Process for Patient-Reported Outcomes Measures. Once the final Brazilian Portuguese version (FINDRISC-Br) was developed, the reliability assessment was performed using a non-random sample of 83 individuals attending a primary care health center. Each participant was interviewed by trained registered dieticians on two occasions with a mean interval of 14 days. The reliability assessment was performed by analyzing the level of agreement between the test-retest responses of FINDRISC-Br using Cohen’s kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The steps of ISPOR guidelines were consecutively followed without major problems. Regarding the reliability assessment, the questionnaire as a whole presented adequate reliability (Cohen’s kappa = 0.82, 95%CI 0.72 - 0.92 and ICC = 0.94, 95%CI 0.91 - 0.96). Conclusion: FINDRISC was translated into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted following standard procedures. FINDRISC-Br has thus become available for use and has potential as a screening tool in different Brazilian settings and applications.

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Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) for use in Brazilian Portuguese: questionnaire validity study

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2019.0524.05032020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 138 (3) ◽

pp. 244-252

Author(s):

Adrianny Larissa Oliveira Conceição ◽

Natália de Castro Corrêa ◽

Patrícia Rodrigues Ferreira ◽

Adriana Sousa Rêgo ◽

Fabricio Brito Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Score ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Brazilian Portuguese ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Validity Study ◽

Cross Cultural Adaptation ◽

Questionnaire Validity ◽

Diabetes Risk Score

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Abstract # OR-20: External Validation of the Leicester Self-Assessment Diabetes Risk Score in a Population with Intellectual Disability

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)43810-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Laura Gray ◽

Yogini Chudasama ◽

Alison Dunkley ◽

Freya Tyrer ◽

Rebecca Spong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Disability ◽

Risk Score ◽

External Validation ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Diabetes Risk Score

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Evaluación del desempeño del Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (findrisc) como prueba de tamizaje para diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Atención Familiar ◽

10.22201/facmed.14058871p.2018.1.62925 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Indira Rocío Mendiola Pastrana ◽

Irasema Isabel Urbina Aranda ◽

Alejandro Edgar Muñoz Simón ◽

Guillermina Juanico Morales ◽

Geovani López Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Score ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

De Medicina ◽

Diabetes Risk Score

Objetivo: evaluar el desempeño del Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (findrisc) como prueba de tamizaje para diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (dm2). Métodos: estudio de validación de prueba diagnóstica. Se seleccionaron 295 participantes sin diagnóstico de dm2, adscritos a una unidad de medicina familiar de Acapulco, Guerrero, México, mediante muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicó el cuestionario findrisc para calificar el nivel de riesgo para desarrollo de dm2. Se realizó toma de glucosa en ayuno como estándar de oro para diagnóstico de dm2. Se realizó prueba de χ2 de Mantel y Haenszel y cálculo de or para medir la asociación y la magnitud de ésta, así como el cálculo de sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos para evaluar el desempeño del cuestionario. Resultados: se determinó que 156 pacientes (52.84%) presentaban alto riesgo para desarrollar dm2 en el cuestionario, 35 de los cuales fueron diagnosticados con dm2 y 49 con prediabetes. De los pacientes con riesgo bajo en el cuestionario, 26 presentaron prediabetes y 5 dm2. Un puntaje ≥15 por findrisc se asoció con glucosa alterada en ayuno ≥100mg/dl (or: 4.06, p=0.0001), prediabetes (or: 2.82, p=0.0002) y dm2 (or: 7.75, p=0.0001). La sensibilidad y especificidad del cuestionario para el diagnóstico de dm2 fue 87.50% y 52.55% respectivamente, con ic 95% estadísticamente significativos. Conclusión: el findrisc es una herramienta que potencialmente se puede ocupar para el tamizaje de dm2 en la población mexicana, es práctica, sencilla, rápida, no invasiva, económica y puede ser utilizada en la práctica diaria del médico familiar.

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A diabetes risk score for Qatar utilizing a novel mathematical modeling approach to identify individuals at high risk for diabetes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81385-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Susanne F. Awad ◽

Soha R. Dargham ◽

Amine A. Toumi ◽

Elsy M. Dumit ◽

Katie G. El-Nahas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Risk Score ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Predictive Variables ◽

Comparable Performance ◽

Representative Random Sample ◽

Diabetes Risk Score

AbstractWe developed a diabetes risk score using a novel analytical approach and tested its diagnostic performance to detect individuals at high risk of diabetes, by applying it to the Qatari population. A representative random sample of 5,000 Qataris selected at different time points was simulated using a diabetes mathematical model. Logistic regression was used to derive the score using age, sex, obesity, smoking, and physical inactivity as predictive variables. Performance diagnostics, validity, and potential yields of a diabetes testing program were evaluated. In 2020, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.79 and sensitivity and specificity were 79.0% and 66.8%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were 36.1% and 93.0%, with 42.0% of Qataris being at high diabetes risk. In 2030, projected AUC was 0.78 and sensitivity and specificity were 77.5% and 65.8%. PPV and NPV were 36.8% and 92.0%, with 43.0% of Qataris being at high diabetes risk. In 2050, AUC was 0.76 and sensitivity and specificity were 74.4% and 64.5%. PPV and NPV were 40.4% and 88.7%, with 45.0% of Qataris being at high diabetes risk. This model-based score demonstrated comparable performance to a data-derived score. The derived self-complete risk score provides an effective tool for initial diabetes screening, and for targeted lifestyle counselling and prevention programs.

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Utilization of Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) in steroid-induced diabetes

International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries ◽

10.1007/s13410-021-00976-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nandakrishna Bolanthakodi ◽

Avinash Holla ◽

Sudha Vidyasagar ◽

Laxminarayan Bairy ◽

B. A. Shastry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Score ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Diabetes Risk Score

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Good practices for the translation, cultural adaptation, and linguistic validation of clinician-reported outcome, observer-reported outcome, and performance outcome measures

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes ◽

10.1186/s41687-020-00248-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shawn McKown ◽

Catherine Acquadro ◽

Caroline Anfray ◽

Benjamin Arnold ◽

Sonya Eremenco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Patient Reported Outcome ◽

Validation Process ◽

Linguistic Validation ◽

Performance Outcome ◽

Industry Standard ◽

Patient Reported ◽

And Performance ◽

Clinical Outcome Assessments ◽

Translation And Cultural Adaptation

Abstract Within current literature and practice, the category of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures has been expanded into the broader category of clinical outcome assessments (COAs), which includes the subcategory of PRO, as well as clinician-reported outcome (ClinRO), observer-reported outcome (ObsRO), and performance outcome (PerfO) measure subcategories. However, despite this conceptual expansion, recommendations associated with translation, cultural adaptation, and linguistic validation of COAs remain focused on PRO measures, which has created a gap in specific process recommendations for the remaining types. This lack of recommendations has led to inconsistent approaches being implemented, leading to uncertainty in the scientific community regarding suitable methods. To address this gap, the ISOQOL Translation and Cultural Adaptation Special Interest Group (TCA-SIG) has developed recommendations specific to each of the three COA types currently lacking such documentation to support a standardized approach to their translation, cultural adaptation, and linguistic validation. The recommended process utilized to translate ObsRO, ClinRO and PerfO measures from one language to another aligns closely with the industry standard process for PRO measures. The substantial differences between respondent categories across COA types require targeted approaches to the cognitive interviewing procedures utilized within the linguistic validation process, including the use of patients for patient-facing text in ClinRO measures, and the need to interview the targeted observers for ObsROs measures.

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Validity of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score for Detecting Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes among General Medical Outpatients in Botswana

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2016/4968350 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bernard Omech ◽

Julius Chacha Mwita ◽

Jose-Gaby Tshikuka ◽

Billy Tsima ◽

Oathokwa Nkomazna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Risk Score ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Total Population ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Undiagnosed Diabetes ◽

Haemoglobin A1c ◽

Diabetes Risk Score ◽

Medical Outpatients

This was a cross-sectional study designed to assess the validity of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score for detecting undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among general medical outpatients in Botswana. Participants aged ≥20 years without previously diagnosed diabetes were screened by (1) an 8-item Finnish diabetes risk assessment questionnaire and (2) Haemoglobin A1c test. Data from 291 participants were analyzed (74.2% were females). The mean age of the participants was 50.1 (SD = ±11) years, and the prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 42 (14.4%) with no significant differences between the gender (20% versus 12.5%,P=0.26). The area under curve for detecting undiagnosed diabetes was 0.63 (95% CI 0.55–0.72) for the total population, 0.65 (95% CI: 0.56–0.75) for women, and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.52–0.83) for men. The optimal cut-off point for detecting undiagnosed diabetes was 17 (sensitivity = 48% and specificity = 73%) for the total population, 17 (sensitivity = 56% and specificity = 66%) for females, and 13 (sensitivity = 53% and specificity = 77%) for males. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 20% and 89.5%, respectively. The findings indicate that the Finnish questionnaire was only modestly effective in predicting undiagnosed diabetes among outpatients in Botswana.

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