Two new species of Knodus (Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the upper rio Tocantins basin, with evidence of ontogenetic meristic changes

ABSTRACT Two new species from the upper rio Tocantins basin are described in Knodus based on the traditional definition of the genus. The new species are distinguished from other congeners by meristic and morphometric characters, such as the number of cusps in the premaxillary and dentary teeth, the number of scale series between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, the orbital diameter and the body depth. With the two new species, the number of endemic species in the upper rio Tocantins basin upstream of the mouth of the rio Paranã, rises to 53 (89 to the confluence with rio Araguaia). The existence of a meristic character that changes through ontogeny (allomery), viz. the number of scale series between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, was detected in some species of Knodus through a regression analysis. Additionally, this paper describes an unambiguous, more informative and precise new method for counting vertebrae, which will enhance the efficacy of this trait in species comparisons.

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Description of two new species of sea bass (Teleostei: Latidae: Lates) from Myanmar and Sri Lanka

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3314.1.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3314 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

ROHAN PETHIYAGODA ◽

ANTHONY C. GILL

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Lateral Line ◽

Valid Species ◽

Type Specimens ◽

Body Depth ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Transverse Line ◽

Two New Species ◽

Eye Diameter

Two new species of Lates Cuvier are described. Lates lakdiva, new species, from western Sri Lanka, differs from its Indo-Pacific congeners by its lesser body depth, 26.6‒27.6% SL; 5 rows of scales in transverse line between base of third dorsal-fin spine and lateral line; 31‒34 serrae on the posterior edge of the preoperculum; third anal-fin spine longer than second;47‒52 lateral-line scales on body; and greatest depth of maxilla less than eye diameter. Lates uwisara, new species, fromeastern Myanmar, is distinguished by possessing 7 scales in transverse line between base of third dorsal-fin spine and lat-eral line; eye diameter 4.4‒4.7% SL; body depth 28.4‒34.5% SL; and third anal-fin spine shorter than the second. Despitesubstantial genetic variation, L. calcarifer sensu lato is widely distributed, from tropical Australia through Indonesia, Sin-gapore and Thailand, westwards to at least the west coast of India. Caution is urged in translocating Lates in the Indo-Pacific region as other yet unrecognized species likely exist. The status of the type specimens of L. calcarifer is discussed,and a common lectotype designated for L. heptadactylus and L. nobilis. While Lates vacti (type locality Bengal) may bea valid species, L. cavifrons and L. darwiniensis are considered synonyms of L. calcarifer. Plectopomus Goldfuss and Ptertopomus Goldfuss are shown to be incorrect subsequent spellings of Plectropomus Oken.

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New species of Eugerres from the Usumacinta Province, México and Guatemala with a redescription of E. mexicanus (Steindachner, 1863) (Teleostei: Gerreidae)

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252013000200009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 307-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Adrian F. Gonzalez-Acosta ◽

Rocio Rodiles-Hernandez

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

The Body ◽

Body Depth ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Fin Ray ◽

Fin Rays ◽

Freshwater Habitats ◽

Eye Diameter ◽

Pelvic Fin

Eugerres castroaguirrei, new species is described from the río Grijalva-Usumacinta basin of southeastern Mexico and northern Guatemala. Eugerres castroaguirrei and E. mexicanus are distinguishable from their marine estuarine congeners by the dorsal-fin origin posterior to the insertion of the pectoral and pelvic fins, a shorter and broad based supraoccipital crest, and a distinct geographic distribution restricted to freshwater habitats. Eugerres castroaguirrei differs from E. mexicanus by diagnostic characters of the body skeleton: anterior process of supraoccipital convex, infraorbital 1 with foramen, premaxillary ascending process developed with margins curved, pharyngeal plate granular and not serially arranged, and dorsal and anal fin-rays reduced. Likewise, E. castroaguirrei is characterized by an oblong and laterally thicker body (37.6-58.5% HL); greater body depth (33.8-42.1% SL), and eye diameter (23.3-31.6% HL); in addition to 16 significant morphometric characters: length of the second dorsal-fin spine 23.2-34.2% SL; depressed second dorsal-fin spine (extending to base of third to fourth dorsal-fin rays); length of second anal-fin spine 11.1-20.6% SL, depressed second anal-fin spine extending to the base of third to fourth anal-fin rays not reaching the distal point of last anal-fin ray; pelvic-fin spine length 49.7-65.0% in the first pelvic-fin ray length

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Three new species of Astyanax from drainages of southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/s1679-62252013000300007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 537-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Carlos A. S. de Lucena ◽

Jonas Blanco Castro ◽

Vinicius A. Bertaco

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Lateral Line ◽

The Body ◽

Head Length ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Body Depth ◽

Lateral Band ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Fin Rays ◽

Three New Species

Three new species of Astyanax are described from southern Brazil: A. dissensus and A. xiru from the laguna dos Patos system and rio Uruguay basin, the first species also occurring in the rio Tramandaí system, and A. procerus from the laguna dos Patos system. Astyanax procerus and A. xiru possess outer row premaxillary teeth pentacuspid and inner row heptacuspid, maxillary with one tri- to pentacuspid teeth, 18-23 branched anal-fin rays, and two humeral spots. Astyanax procerus has the largest body depth (38.3-46.0% of SL), while A. xiru has the lowest body depth (32.5-37.5% of SL) among the three species. The characters combination can distinguish these species from its congeners. Astyanax dissensus distinguish from Astyanax species by the presence of one developed heptacuspid teeth on maxillary, 22-28 branched anal-fin rays, 35-39 perforated scales along the lateral line, two humeral spots, conspicuous lateral band continuous on middle caudal rays, 6-7 scale row between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line, and head length 22.7-27.3% of SL. All three species has the predorsal region of the body scaled. An identification key to the species of Astyanax species from the rio Uruguay basin, and laguna dos Patos and rio Tramandaí systems is provided.

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Nandus prolixus, a new species of leaf fish from northeastern Borneo (Teleostei: Perciformes: Nandidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1328.1.4 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1328 (1) ◽

pp. 51 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

PROSANTA CHAKRABARTY ◽

RONALD G. OLDFIELD ◽

HEOK H. NG

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Lateral Line ◽

Slender Body ◽

Dark Spot ◽

Caudal Peduncle ◽

Body Depth ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Fin Rays ◽

A New Species ◽

Pectoral Fin Rays

Nandus prolixus sp. nov. is described from the Sepilok River drainage in Sabah, northeastern Borneo. This species is distinguished from its only Sundaic southeastern Asian congener, N. nebulosus, in having a longer, more produced snout (25.7–30.6% HL vs. 18.5–26.1), more lateralline scales (33–37 vs. 24–34), more scales below the lateral line (12 vs. 10–11), fewer spines in the dorsal fin (XIV vs. XV–XVI), and fewer pectoral-fin rays (15–16 vs. 17–19). It differs from N. nandus (from India) in having fewer lateral-line scales (33–37 vs. 42–55), fewer scales above the lateral line (4–5 vs. 6–7), fewer scales below the lateral line (12 vs. 14–18), more dorsal spines (XIV vs. XII–XIII), and the absence (vs. presence) of a distinct dark spot at the base of the caudal peduncle. It differs from N. oxyrhynchus (from mainland southeastern Asia) in having a more slender body (body depth 37.6–40.5% SL vs. 41.3–44.1) and a less steeply sloping predorsal profile.

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Two new species of the scorpionfish genus Trachyscorpia (Sebastidae: Sebastolobinae) from the southern Indo–West Pacific, with comments on the distribution of T. eschmeyeri

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1466.1.3 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1466 (1) ◽

pp. 19-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HIROYUKI MOTOMURA ◽

PETER R. LAST ◽

GORDON K. YEARSLEY

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Lateral Surface ◽

The Body ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

West Pacific ◽

Two New Species ◽

Upper Jaw ◽

Southwestern Indian Ocean ◽

Pelvic Fin

Two new species of the scorpionfish genus Trachyscorpia are described on the basis of 20 and 7 specimens collected from Australasia at depths of 731–1020 m and the southwestern Indian Ocean at depths of 620–1080 m respectively. The two new species, classified into the subgenus Mesoscorpia, are distinguished from the only other member of the subgenus, T. (M.) eschmeyeri, by the following characters: the tympanic spines absent (vs. usually present in the latter), the upper-jaw lip well developed, covering the premaxillary tooth band laterally (vs. lip poorly developed, the premaxillary teeth exposed laterally), scales absent on the lateral surface of the maxilla (vs. scales present), and 4 blackish saddles on the body in preserved specimens (vs. no blackish saddles). Trachyscorpia (M.) carnomagula sp. nov. differs from T. (M.) longipedicula sp. nov. in having 57–63 scale rows in longitudinal series (vs. 50–53 in the latter). They are also distinguished by several morphometric characters, including lengths of pelvic-fin spine and soft ray, and first anal-fin spine. The subgenus Mesoscorpia is redefined. A key to the species of Trachyscorpia and comments on distribution of T. (M.) eschmeyeri are also provided.

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Integrative taxonomy reveals two new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Teleostei: Characidae) from the Maracaçumé and middle Tocantins River basins, Eastern Amazon region

European Journal of Taxonomy ◽

10.5852/ejt.2020.723.1145 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 723 ◽

pp. 77-107

Author(s):

Erick Cristofore Guimarães ◽

Pâmella Silva De Brito ◽

Pedro Henrique Negreiros Bragança ◽

Jadson Pinheiro Santos ◽

Axel Makay Katz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

The Body ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Two New Species ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

Two new species, Hyphessobrycon frickei Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov. and H. geryi Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov., are herein described, based on seven different and independent species delimitation methods, and on molecular and morphological characters, making the hypothesis of these new species supported from an integrative taxonomy perspective. They belong to the “Rosy tetra” clade, which is mainly characterized by the presence of a dark brown or black blotch on the dorsal fin and the absence of a midlateral stripe on the body. These two new species are distinguished from the other members of this clade mainly by the arrangement, shape and color pattern of humeral and dorsal-fin spots, as well as by other characters related to scale counts and body pigmentation. The placement of the new species within the “Rosy tetra” clade was based on the combination of morphological character states mentioned above and corroborated by a molecular phylogenetic analysis using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1. In addition, a new clade (here termed Hyphessobrycon copelandi clade) within the “Rosy tetra” clade is proposed based on molecular data, comprising H. copelandi, H. frickei sp. nov., H. geryi sp. nov. and a still undescribed species. Our results corroborate the occurrence of hidden species within the “Rosy tetra” clade, as suggested by previous studies.

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Two new species of the hillstream loach genus Indoreonectes from the northern Western Ghats of India (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae)

Vertebrate Zoology ◽

10.3897/vz.71.e62814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 517-533

Author(s):

Pradeep Kumkar ◽

Manoj Pise ◽

Pankaj A. Gorule ◽

Chandani R. Verma ◽

Lukáš Kalous

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Western Ghats ◽

River System ◽

The Body ◽

Posterior Border ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Western Ghats Of India ◽

Two New Species

The hill stream loach genus Indoreonectes is endemic to peninsular India south of the Satpura hill ranges and is represented by three species I. evezardi, I. keralensis and I. telanganaensis. Indoreonectes evezardi has been suggested as a species complex based on recent genetic studies; however, due to lack of type material the species delimitation has been difficult. Here we redescribe I. evezardi collected from its type locality and describe two new species from the northern Western Ghats of India. Indoreonectes neeleshi, described from Mula River tributary of Godavari river system, can be diagnosed from all its congeners based on a combination of characters: inner rostral barbel reaching middle of nostril; maxillary barbel reaching midway between eye and posterior border of operculum; dorsal hump behind nape; bars on lateral side of the body wider than inter-bar space; total vertebrae 35 and dorsal fin insertion between 13th and 14th abdominal vertebrae. Indoreonectes rajeevi, described from Hiranyakeshi River of the Krishna river system, differs from all its congeners based on a combination of characters: inner rostral barbel reaching anterior margin of eye; maxillary barbel reaching posterior border of operculum; conspicuous black markings on lower lip, dorsal hump absent; total vertebrae 36 and dorsal fin insertion between 12th and 13th abdominal vertebrae. Further, I. neeleshi differs from its congeners by the raw genetic distance of 6.8–14.4% for the cox1 gene and 5.7–16.2% for the cytb gene, while I. rajeevi differs from its congeners by the raw genetic distance of 10.9–14.0% for the cox1 gene and 11.8–15.8% for the cytb gene.

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Two new species of Jupiaba (Characiformes: Characidae) from the rio Tapajós and rio Madeira drainages, Brazil, with an identification key to species of the genus

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2262.1.3 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2262 (1) ◽

pp. 53-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

ANDRÉ L. NETTO-FERREIRA ◽

ANGELA M. ZANATA ◽

JOSÉ L.O. BIRINDELLI ◽

LEANDRO M. SOUSA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Lateral Line ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Dark Spot ◽

Caudal Peduncle ◽

Body Depth ◽

Two New Species ◽

Fin Rays ◽

Eye Diameter ◽

Rio Madeira

Two new species of Jupiaba Zanata are described from Brazil. Jupiaba iasy, new species, is described from rio Teles Pires and rio Jamanxim, tributaries of rio Tapajós, and from rio Aripuanã, in the rio Madeira drainage. It is distinguished from its congeners by its color pattern consisting of a single posteriorly displaced dark crescent-shaped humeral blotch, situated over the first 5 to 7 lateral line scales, and an inconspicuous dark spot at the end of caudal peduncle. It also differs from all remaining Jupiaba for the following combination of characters: 34-36 lateral line scales, 19–21 branched anal-fin rays, 8–10 predorsal scales arranged in a regular row, 6 horizontal series of scales above and 4 series below lateral line, body depth 32.3–36.1% of SL, and absence of filamentous rays in the first dorsal and anal-fin rays. Jupiaba paranatinga, new species, is described from rio Teles Pires, tributary of rio Tapajós. It is distinguished by having 34–35 lateral line scales, two vertically elongated humeral blotches, a conspicuous caudal spot at the end of the caudal peduncle, extending over 8–10 median caudal-fin rays, eye diameter 43.7–46.9% of HL, and relatively low body depth (31.3–35.5% of SL). Additionally, comments on the putative relationships of the new species with their congeners and an updated key to the species of the genus are provided.

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New species of the anthiadin genus Sacura (Perciformes: Serranidae) from the Andaman Sea

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4306.2.10 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4306 (2) ◽

pp. 291 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

HIROYUKI MOTOMURA ◽

TOMOHIRO YOSHIDA ◽

VEERA VILASRI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Lateral Line ◽

Andaman Sea ◽

Gill Rakers ◽

Yellow Band ◽

Body Depth ◽

Caudal Fin ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Fin Rays ◽

Fin Length

Sacura sanguinea n. sp. (Serranidae: Anthiadinae) is described on the basis of two male and one female specimens from the Andaman Sea. The new species is characterized by the following characters: dorsal-fin rays X, 15; pored lateral-line scales 34; gill rakers 8 + 23 = 31; body depth 42.6–44.7% of SL; head length 39.5–41.4% of SL; pectoral-fin length 32.4–33.1% of SL; poorly defined broad yellow band from anterior profile of head to middle of body, the band gradually becoming red around middle of body and ending at caudal-fin base; caudal fin with distinct red spots centrally; and large dark red blotch posteriorly on spinous portion of dorsal fin in females.

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Two new species of the genus Chelidoperca (Perciformes: Serranidae) from the Andaman Sea, eastern Indian Ocean

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4927.1.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4927 (1) ◽

pp. 87-103

Author(s):

PETER N. PSOMADAKIS ◽

OFER GON ◽

THAUNG HTUT

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Lateral Line ◽

Ventral Surface ◽

Andaman Sea ◽

Distal Margin ◽

Black Stripe ◽

Dorsal Fin ◽

Proximal Half ◽

Lower Jaw ◽

Two New Species

Two new species of the genus Chelidoperca are described from specimens collected in 2015 and 2018 from the Andaman Sea, off the coast of Myanmar during trawl bottom surveys conducted by the R/V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen. Chelidoperca myathantuni sp. nov. is described based on 15 specimens (74.3–129.5 mm SL) from 101–185 m depth, which can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: 3 (2 full-sized plus 1 half-sized) scale rows between lateral line and middle of spinous dorsal-fin base; 42–44 (modally 44) pored lateral-line scales; 16 pectoral-fin rays; interorbital scales extending to mid-orbit level; scales on ventral surface of lower jaw restricted to the angular (not extending onto the dentary); enlarged caniniform teeth on the upper jaw; side of body with longitudinal dashed black stripe; dorsal fin pale yellow with reddish pigment mostly restricted at base of spines and rays. Chelidoperca flavimacula sp. nov. is described based on eight specimens (49.7–70.7 mm SL) from 84–131 m depth, which can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characters: 3 (2 full-sized plus 1 half-sized) scale rows between lateral line and middle of spinous dorsal-fin base; 42–45 (modally 42) pored lateral-line scales; 9–10 (modally 10) scale rows below the lateral line; 6 predorsal scales; 16–17 (modally 16) circumpeduncular scales; 5 scales rows on cheek; interorbital scales extending to mid-orbit level; anal fin with yellowish distal margin and three or four rows of bright yellow spots over its proximal half.

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