scholarly journals Development of Brazilian prototypes for child psychodynamic psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Guilherme Pacheco Fiorini ◽  
Vera Regina Röhnelt Ramires
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Child Psychotherapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Type Factor

Abstract Introduction This study developed Brazilian psychodynamic psychotherapy (PDT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) prototypes for children with internalizing disorders (ID) and externalizing disorders (ED). Method Eighteen Brazilian experts in PDT (n = 9) and CBT (n = 9) rated the 100 items of the Child Psychotherapy Q-Set (CPQ) describing a hypothetical typical session based on their respective theoretical backgrounds for children with ID. They then rated the same items describing a hypothetical typical session for children with ED. A Q-type factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed. Results Expert correlations were high within each theoretical approach and each diagnostic category. The factor analysis identified three independent factors. CBT ratings concentrated on one factor, while PDT ratings loaded onto one factor describing treatment of children with ID and another factor describing treatment of children with ED. Conclusion The sole CBT prototype reflected a general conceptualization of this approach and was undifferentiated regarding treatment of children with ID and ED. The PDT prototype for children with ID provided evidence of a process focused on interpretation, while the PDT prototype for children with ED characterized a supportive process with attention to the therapeutic relationship. This infers greater variation in the PDT setting for children with different conditions.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy for externalizing disorders: A meta-analysis of treatment effectiveness

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Battagliese ◽  
Maria Caccetta ◽  
Olga Ines Luppino ◽  
Chiara Baglioni ◽  
Valentina Cardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral

scholarly journals Development of Brazilian prototypes for short-term psychotherapies

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Barcellos Serralta ◽  
John Stuart Ablon
Keyword(s):  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Psychotherapy Process ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
Type Factor ◽  
Expert Ratings

Abstract Introduction: The Psychotherapy Process Q-Set (PQS) prototype method is used to measure the extent to which ideal processes of different psychotherapies are present in real cases, allowing researchers to examine how adherence to these models relates to or predicts change. Results from studies of short-term psychotherapies suggest that the original psychodynamic prototype is more suitable for studying psychoanalysis and long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy than its time-limited counterparts. Furthermore, culture probably influences how therapies are typically conducted in a given country. Therefore, it seems appropriate to develop Brazilian prototypes on which to base studies of short-term psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral processes in this country. Objective: To develop prototypes for studying processes of short-term psychotherapies and to examine the degree of adherence of two real psychotherapy cases to these models. Methods: Expert clinicians used the PQS to rate a hypothetical ideal session of either short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Ratings were submitted to Q-type factor analysis to confirm the two groups. Regressive factor scores were rank ordered to describe the prototypes. These ideal models were correlated with ratings of actual therapy processes in two complete psychotherapy cases, one STPP and the other CBT. Results: Agreement levels between expert ratings were high and the two ideal models were confirmed. As expected, the PQS ratings for actual STPP and CBT cases had significant correlations with their respective ideal models, but the STPP case also adhered to the CBT prototype. Conclusion: Overall, the findings reveal the adequacy of the prototypes for time-limited therapies, providing initial support of their validity.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: An Adult Case Responding to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynur Görmez ◽  
Alperen Kılıç ◽  
İsmet Kırpınar
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Feeding Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is a new diagnostic category in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 ( DSM-5) which replaces and extends the DSM-4 diagnosis of feeding disorder of infancy or early childhood. There is limited information as to the characteristics of the patients with ARFID, its course and prognosis and treatment. We aim to contribute to available literature on ARFID by presenting this case. We discussed a young lady with ARFID who responded well to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with successful application of in vivo exposure, systematic desensitization, and cognitive restructuring techniques. After the 12 sessions of CBT as inpatient and eight sessions as outpatient, she gained 4 kg (8.81 lbs); her body mass index (BMI) rising from 16 to 17.5 kg/m2, Hamilton anxiety rating score dropped from 27 to 5. She continued to improve reaching the BMI of 18.3 kg/m2 6-month post-discharge. This case suggests that CBT can be a useful treatment modality in adults with ARFID.

Development and Validation of the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Skills Questionnaire

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Jacob ◽  
Michael S. Christopher ◽  
Edmund C. Neuhaus
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Behavioral Activation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Two Factors

Although several theories exist to describe why patients improve in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), in only a limited number of studies has CBT skill acquisition been examined, particularly among patients with complex clinical profiles. Thus, the overarching aim of this research was to develop a tool to measure patients’ use of CBT skills, such that it would have clinical utility for patients and therapists during treatment. In Study 1, the authors developed an initial set of items for the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Skills Questionnaire (CBTSQ). They submitted these items to an exploratory factor analysis in an initial administration ( n = 350) and to a confirmatory factor analysis in a second administration ( n = 378). Results indicated that there were two factors (Behavioral Activation and Cognitive Restructuring) with good factor structure and internal consistency, and both the factors evidenced expected relationships with other constructs. In Study 2, the criterion validity of the CBTSQ was investigated on a patient sample in a CBT-oriented treatment setting. Results showed that CBTSQ scores increased following treatment, and Cognitive Restructuring and Behavioral Activation scores predicted reduction of overall psychiatric symptoms and depression. Thus, the CBTSQ appears to be a promising measure of CBT skill acquisition and treatment outcome as well as an instrument that can help patients and therapists monitor progress specifically related to a CBT skills training treatment approach.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Internalizing Problems of Children With Externalizing Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202
Author(s):  
Mozhdeh Daryabeigi ◽  
◽  
Masoume Pourmohamdreza-Tajrishi ◽  
Behrooz Dolatshahi ◽  
Enayatollah Bakhshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Externalizing Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Coping Cat ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on internalizing problems of children with externalizing disorders Methods: It was an experimental study with a pre-test/post-test control group design. Among the students of elementary schools of Tehran City, Iran, 90 boys were selected based on the mothers' report and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) by convenience sampling method. Fifty students whose scores equaled 63 or higher in the externalizing scale were diagnosed as individuals with externalizing disorders. Afterward, 32 individuals who acquired T-score ≥ 60 were assigned randomly in the experimental and control groups (each with 16 students). The experimental group was divided into two subgroups (8 individuals in each subgroup) and participated in 16 cognitive-behavior therapy (Coping Cat program) sessions (1 hour, twice a week). The control group received only the mainstream Program of the school. After the last session, their mothers completed the CBCL again. The obtained data were analyzed by One-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The results of One-way ANCOVA showed that the internalizing problems, i.e. withdrawn/depressed, somatic complaints, and anxious/depressed symptoms of the experimental group have reduced significantly after participating in the cognitive-behavioral therapy sessions.  Discussion: Cognitive behavioral therapy (Coping Cat Program) is an effective method for reducing internalizing problems of children with externalizing disorders. Therefore, the program can be used to prevent the negative consequences of internalizing problems such as poor academic performance and social adaptation of the students with externalizing disorders.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Skills Scale Among Japanese College Students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Sakata ◽  
Rie Toyomoto ◽  
Kazufumi Yoshida ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Yukako Nakagami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Factor Solution

Abstract Background: There are many different skill components used in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). However, there is currently no comprehensive way of measuring these skills in patients. Assessing pretreatment CBT skills will contribute to prediction of treatment responses in the context of CBT for depression.Methods: We developed the CBT Skills Scale from five pre-existing instruments measuring major CBT components: self-monitoring, behavioral activation, cognitive restructuring, assertiveness training, and problem-solving. University students (N = 847) who participated in a fully factorial randomized controlled trial of smartphone CBT were assessed with the CBT Skills Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7), and the short form of the Japanese Big Five Scale. Structural validity was estimated with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and internal consistency evaluated with Cronbach’s α coefficients. Construct validity was evaluated with the correlations between each factor of the CBT Skills Scale, the PHQ-9, the GAD-7, and the Big Five Scale.Results: The EFA supported a five-factor solution based on the original instruments assessing each CBT skill component. The CFA showed sufficient goodness-of-fit indices for the five-factor structure. The Cronbach’s α of each factor was 0.75-0.81. Each CBT skills factor was specifically correlated to the PHQ-9, GAD-7, and the Big Five Scale.Conclusions: The CBT Skills Scale has a stable structural validity and internal consistency with a five-factor solution and appropriate content validity concerning the relationship with depression, anxiety, and personality. Trial registration: UMIN, CTR-000031307. Retrospectively registered on February 14, 2018.

Neurobiological Underpinnings of Psychosocial Treatment in Personality Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Goodman ◽  
Jennifer Chen ◽  
Erin A. Hazlett
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Interpersonal Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Personality Dysfunction

This chapter focuses on the psychotherapies with the largest empirical basis and most relevant to personality dysfunction and include behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, psychodynamic psychotherapy, and psychoanalytic psychotherapy.

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