Common bean seed vigor affecting crop grain yield

Abstract: Among the factors that affect seedling emergence and crop establishment are seed germination and vigor, which has an important influence on the establishment of the initial plant population and development, and may affect crop yield. Based on this background the objective of this research work was to evaluate the effects of seed vigor of common bean seed lots and its effects on crop grain yield. The treatments consisted of six seed lots of common bean, which were composed by different combinations of high and low vigor seeds. Seed lots were assessed by germination and vigor tests (first count of germination, electrical conductivity and accelerated aging). A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with plots of six lines of five meters and were evaluated for grain yield at harvest. It was concluded that seed vigor affects common bean grain yield; the use of low vigor seeds results in grain yield reductions of up to 20%.

Download Full-text

Productive performance of soybean plants originated from seed lots with increasing vigor levels

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v41n2199320 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 151-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José Ricardo Bagateli ◽

Caio Sippel Dörr ◽

Luis Osmar Braga Schuch ◽

Géri Eduardo Meneghello

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Accelerated Aging Test ◽

Aging Test ◽

Two Factors ◽

Soybean Plants

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive performance of soybean crops, in response to the use of seeds from lots with increasing vigor levels. The study was developed during the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016crops. In the first period, 14 treatments were evaluated, consisting of two factors, two genotypes (Syn 1059RR and NK7059RR), and seven seed lots. In the second seven treatments were considered, involving one genotype (Syn 1158RR) and seven seed lots. In both crop years, seed lots had vigor levels of 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95%, as determined by the accelerated aging test. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design, with a factorial scheme and five replications. Plant height, yield components, and grain yield were assessed throughout the culture cycle. The reflex of seed vigor in crop performance depended on the genotype employed. Also, there was an increase in both vegetative and reproductive performances of the crop as a function of seed vigor level. In this sense, every percentage point augmented in the vigor level of the lots resulted in a grain yield expansion of up to 28 kg.ha-1.

Download Full-text

Seedling emergence and yield performance of wheat cultivars depending on seed vigor and sowing density

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n1171002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 58-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Julia Abati ◽

Cristian Rafael Brzezinski ◽

José Salvador Simoneti Foloni ◽

Claudemir Zucareli ◽

Manoel Carlos Bassoi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Management Practices ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Yield Performance ◽

Randomized Block Design

Abstract: The use of high quality seeds, the appropriate management practices and the selection of promising genotypes are strategies to exploit the wheat yield potential. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of the vigor level of wheat seeds submitted to different sowing densities on seedling emergence, tillering and yield performance culture. The experiments were conducted in Londrina and Ponta Grossa, Paraná state, Brazil, with a completely randomized block design, in a 2x2x2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Two levels of seed vigor (high and low), two sowing densities (200 and 400 viable seeds per m2) and two wheat cultivars (BRS Sabiá and CD 150) were evaluated. The conducted tests were: seedling emergence, number of tillers, yield components, grain yield and apparent harvest index. The use of high vigor seeds helps the establishment of the plant stand and yield performance in both locations. The 400 seeds per m2 seedling density results in a lower number of tillers per plant in both locations. BRS Sabiá, in Ponta Grossa, has the highest grain yield.

Download Full-text

COBERTURA NITROGENADA EM DIFERENTES ESTÁDIOS FENOLÓGICOS DO FEIJOEIRO COMUM ALTERA PRODUTIVIDADE E QUALIDADE DE GRÃOS

Nativa ◽

10.31413/nativa.v7i6.6663 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 636

Author(s):

Gabriel Pereira Nogueira ◽

Mateus Sebastião Gonçalves Da Silva ◽

Fábio Tiraboschi Leal ◽

Rogério Farinelli ◽

Fábio Luiz Checchio Mingotte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Common Bean ◽

Block Design ◽

Phenological Stages ◽

Agronomic Efficiency ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Soil Preparation ◽

Grain Yield And Quality ◽

Qualitative Performance

A necessidade de conhecer a marcha de absorção do nitrogênio (N) pelo feijoeiro é importante para compreender os desempenhos produtivo e qualitativo dessa cultura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da cobertura nitrogenada em função de diferentes estádios fenológicos no desempenho morfoagronômico e produtivo e nas características tecnológicas dos grãos do feijoeiro em sistema de plantio convencional. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por doze combinações de fornecimento de N (FN) em cobertura (dose total = 90 kg ha-1 de N) aplicadas nos estádios fenológicos V3, V4 e R5 (V3+V4+R5) do feijoeiro de inverno irrigado: 00+00+00; 30+30+30; 30+60+00; 30+00+60; 60+30+00; 00+60+30; 45+45+00; 00+45+45; 45+00+45; 90+00+00; 00+90+00; e 00+00+90. A fonte de N utilizada foi ureia convencional. Os FN 30+00+60, 00+45+45 e 45+00+45 incrementam a produtividade de grãos e a eficiência agronômica em relação à ausência de N e à aplicação de dose única no estádio fenológico V4. do feijoeiro comum. As maiores produtividades de proteína bruta e o menor tempo para cozimento foram proporcionadas pelos FN 00+45+45, 45+00+45, 90+00+00, 00+90+00 e 00+00+90.Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; parcelamento do N; eficiência agronômica; tecnologia dos grãos. NITROGEN TOPDRESSING AT DIFFERENT PHENOLOGICAL STAGES ON COMMON BEAN CHANGES GRAIN YIELD AND QUALITY ABSTRACT: The need to know the nitrogen uptake (N) by common bean is important to understand the productive and qualitative performance of this crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen topdressing as a function of different phenological stages on the morphometric and productive performance, and on the technological characteristics of the bean grains grown under conventional soil preparation. A randomized block design with four replications was used. The treatments were constituted by twelve topdressing N supply combinations (NS) (total dose = 90 kg ha-1 N) applied in the phenological stages V3, V4 and R5 (V3+V4+R5) of irrigated winter bean: 00+00+00; 30+30 +30; 30+60+00; 30+00+60; 60 + 30 + 00; 00+60+30; 45+45+00; 00+45+45; 45+00+45; 90+00+00; 00+90+00; and 00+00+90. The source of N used was conventional urea. NS 30 + 00 + 60, 00 + 45 + 45 and 45 + 00 + 45 increase grain yield and agronomic efficiency in relation to the absence of N and single dose application at V4 phenological stage of common bean. The highest crude protein yields and the shortest cooking time were provided by FN 00+45+45, 45+00+45, 90+00+00, 00+90+00 and 00+00+90.Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris; N splitting; agronomic efficiency; grains technology.

Download Full-text

Harvest delay, storage and physiological quality of soybean seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v41n4222413 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 506-513

Author(s):

Rafael Vergara ◽

Raimunda Nonata Oliveira da Silva ◽

Arieli Paula Nadal ◽

Gizele Ingrid Gadotti ◽

Tiago Zanatta Aumonde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Local Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Soybean Seed ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Storage Period ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Harvest Delay

Abstract: Soybean is one of the leading commodities in Brazilian agribusiness. Its cultivation is widespread in different seed-producing regions of the country, where it generates income and local development. In this context, the soybean seed is a fundamental input, as its quality strongly influences the success of the crop. However, the period after the achievement of physiological maturity is critical for the maintenance of seed quality. For that reason, this study aimed at evaluating the effect of harvest delay on both the initial and final qualities of soybean seeds. The research consisted of four harvest times, in which the initial quality was assessed through tests of first germination count, germination, accelerated aging and tetrazolium. After 120 days of storage, the germination and accelerated aging tests were once again conducted. The experiment complied with a completely randomized block design with eight replications. The rainfall was monitored during the pre-harvest phase. All variables experienced negative impacts due to the delay in harvesting. Also, the seeds suffered more damage as the delay progressed, and the variables germination and seed vigor decreased after the storage period.

Download Full-text

Corn and soybean yields as affected by cover crops and herbicide timing under no-tillage system

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582013000400020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 939-946

Author(s):

P. Oliveira ◽

A.S. Nascente ◽

J. Kluthcouski ◽

T.A.P. Castro

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Common Bean ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Block Design ◽

No Tillage ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tillage System

To achieve better results in the no-tillage system (NTS), it is important to properly manage the cover crop prior to planting by using herbicides, usually glyphosate. The effect of glyphosate on plant coverage is slow, and plants take a few days to die completely. Thus, when applying the herbicide on the same day of planting soybean or corn, cover crops are still alive and standing, causing initial shading on seedlings of the crop and delaying its establishment. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of distinct cover crops and their timing of desiccation prior to planting soybean or corn, on crop yield and yield components. Two experiments were installed, one for soybean and another for corn. Each experiment consisted in combining three cover crops (Brachiaria brizantha, common bean or millet) chemically desiccated at two timings before planting the crop (15 or 0 days before planting) under no-tillage system (NTS). Experiments were installed in a completely randomized block design with five replications. Brachiaria brizantha produced the highest amount of biomass; common bean and millet as cover crops allowed higher soybean grain yields; herbicide application under common bean, millet and Brachiaria brizantha 15 days before planting soybean allowed higher crop grain yields; desiccation timing of common bean did not affect corn grain yield; Brachiaria brizantha should be desiccated 15 days before planting corn to allow maximum grain yield; when millet was used as a cover crop, glyphosate application at planting of corn allowed the highest grain yield.

Download Full-text

Assessing the physiological quality of common bean seeds using the Vigor-S® system and its relation to the accelerated aging test

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v41n2211401 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 187-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

André Dantas de Medeiros ◽

Laércio Junio da Silva ◽

Nayara Pereira Capobiango ◽

Camila Andrade Fialho ◽

Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias

Keyword(s):

Common Bean ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Primary Root ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Growth Index ◽

Automated Analysis ◽

Seed Vigor ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

Physiological Quality

Abstract: Automated analysis of seed vigor stands out by allowing greater accuracy, standardization, objectivity, and speed in evaluation of the physiological potential of seed lots. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the Vigor-S® system in assessing the physiological quality of common bean seeds compared to the information provided by the traditional vigor tests recommended for this species. Four genotypes of common bean were used, each one represented by four seed lots. Characterization of the physiological potential of the lots was carried out by the following tests: germination, first count of germination, seedling emergence, accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity. The results of these tests were compared with the data obtained from the image analysis technique, specifically the Vigor-S® system, which was used to evaluate seedling growth at two, three, and four days after the beginning of the germination test. Shoot length, primary root length, and seedling length were measured, as well as the growth index, uniformity index, and vigor index were calculated. Computerized analysis of seedling images using the Vigor-S® software is a reliable alternative for evaluation the physiological potential of bean seeds, and it produces information similar to evaluations traditionally used for that purpose.

Download Full-text

Physiological quality of soybean seeds produced under artificial rain in the pre-harvesting period

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v38n1154236 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 14-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Elisa de Melo Castro ◽

João Almir Oliveira ◽

Amador Eduardo de Lima ◽

Heloísa Oliveira dos Santos ◽

José Igor Lopes Barbosa

Keyword(s):

Lignin Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Moisture Damage ◽

Soybean Cultivars ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Storage Times

Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate responses of soybean cultivars seeds (with different levels of lignin) considering harvest postponement under the incidence of water and the effect of storage. The experiment was conducted in Iraí de Minas, Brazil using a randomized block design with three replications under a 5 x 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, with five soybean cultivars (NK 7059 RR, SYN 1163 RR, SYN 9070 RR, AS 7307 RR and SYN 1283 RR), three harvesting periods (R8, R8 + one rain simulation in the pre-harvesting period and R8 + two simulations in the pre-harvesting period) under three storage times (0, 90 and 180 days). Seeds were evaluated for their chemical composition (lignin contents), the percentage of moisture damage using the tetrazolium test and physiological quality (germination, accelerated aging, conductivity test, seedling emergence and emergence index). Cultivar AS 7307 RR had the highest lignin content in the integument, the lowest percentage of damage by moisture and the highest physiological quality. Cultivars NK 7059 RR and SYN 1163 RR had the lowest lignin contents in the integument and the highest moisture damage. Electrical conductivity increased after storing all cultivars.

Download Full-text

Grain yield and population densities of new corn hybrids released by the INIFAP and UNAM for the High Valleys of Mexico†

REVISTA TERRA LATINOAMERICANA ◽

10.28940/terra.v38i3.557 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 507-515

Author(s):

Margarita Tadeo-Robledo ◽

Alejandro Espinosa-Calderón ◽

Enrique Canales-Islas ◽

Consuelo López-López ◽

Benjamín Zamudio-González ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Density ◽

Block Design ◽

Research Work ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Plant Densities ◽

Ear Height ◽

Area Unit ◽

H 51

In Mexico, corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important cereals from the alimentary, industrial, social, political, and cultural points of view. It is grown in different agroecological niches, water regimes, and management systems. The objective of the present research work was to study the optimum plant density per area unit and its effect on grain yield and agronomical characteristics of different corn hybrids. Six corn hybrids (H-51 AE, H 53 AE, H 47 AE, H 49 AE, Tsíri PUMA, and H-48) and three plant densities (50 000, 65 000, and 80 000 plants ha-1) were evaluated. Sowing was done during the spring-summer season, 2015, in field owned by the FESC-UNAM and CEVAMEX-INIFAP. A completely randomized block design was used with four replicates. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were detected for genotypes (G) in the variables of grain yield, plant height, ear height, days to male and female flowering, volumetric weight, grain weight, ear length, and grains per ear. Moreover, the effect of the environment (E) was significant (P ≤ 0.05) for the same variables, with the exception of ear length. No significant differences (P ≥ 0.05) were registered for the densities factor (D). Only the G×E interaction had significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in the grain yield trait. The better environment was CEVAMEX, with a mean yield of 5497 kg ha-1. The Tsíri PUMA hybrid had the best grain yield with 5856 kg ha-1. Although there were no differences for the studied interactions, the 65 000 plants ha-1 population density was the most appropriate. The densities factor did not affect the performance of the evaluated hybrids. Therefore, we recommend using 65 000 plants ha-1 to avoid investing in large amounts of seeds.

Download Full-text

Foliar fungicide and environments on the physiological quality of oat seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372014000100002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 15-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eliege Aparecida de Paiva Oliveira ◽

Claudemir Zucareli ◽

Inês Cristina de Batista Fonseca ◽

José Carlos de Oliveira ◽

Alberto Sérgio do Rego Barros

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Oat Seeds ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Foliar Fungicide

The oat crop is of great economic importance and seed production depends on several factors (biotic and abiotic) that can alter its quality. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of oat seeds produced with and without application of foliar fungicide in contrasting environments. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a factorial 6x2 (cultivar x fungicide) for each site, with four replications. The physiological quality of seeds was evaluated by grain yield, germination, first count, accelerated aging, moisture content after accelerated aging, seedling length, seedling dry weight, electrical conductivity and seedling emergence in field. Data were subjected to joint and individual analysis of variance, and means were compared by Tukey’s test at 5%. Grain yield in Mauá da Serra is superior to Londrina, Parana State - Brazil, but the seed quality is lower, although all cultivars have shown germination above 90% in the two cultivation sites. Cultivars FAEM 6 DILMASUL and UPFA OURO showed no disease, indicating possible resistance. The application of the product has a beneficial effect on seed germination and vigor, even in the absence of disease.

Download Full-text

Canola agronomic performance in three sowing dates in Jataí-GO

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n0a2020-48258 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 ◽

Author(s):

Raissa Macedo Assis ◽

Flavia Andrea Nery Silva ◽

Luciana Celeste Carneiro ◽

Givanildo Zildo da Silva ◽

Simério Carlos Silva Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Phenological Data ◽

Survival Index ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sowing Dates

Canola (Brassica napus L. var oleifera) is a potential crop due to the growing world demand for vegetable oil. This work aims to evaluate the performance of five canola hybrids in three sowing dates in Jataí-GO. The experiment was conducted in the year of 2017, in a randomized block design, with subdivided plots and four replications. Plots were composed by three sowing dates (03/03, 03/10 and 03/17) and subplots by the canola hybrids Hyola 50, Hyola 61, Hyola 433, Hyola 571CL and Hyola 575CL. Seedling emergence, inicial and final plant population, flowering, maturation, plant height, plant survival index and grain yield were evaluated. The thermal sum calculation was performed with the phenological data. Results were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Scott Knott test at 5% of probability. The plants survival index highlighted Hyola 433, Hyola 571CL and Hyola 575CL hybrids. Grain yield varied according to hybrid and sowing date. In the edaphoclimatic conditions of this study, in the year of 2017, the best agronomic performance was observed in the first sowing date for the canola hybrids Hyola 433 and Hyola 575CL and in the second sowing date for the canola hybrid Hyola 571CL.

Download Full-text