scholarly journals Clastogenic Effects of Glyphosate in Bone Marrow Cells of Swiss Albino Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahdeo Prasad ◽  
Smita Srivastava ◽  
Madhulika Singh ◽  
Yogeshwer Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Marrow Cells

Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine,C3H8NO5P), a herbicide, used to control unwanted annual and perennial plants all over the world. Nevertheless, occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides can pose a threat to nontarget species including human beings. Therefore, in the present study, genotoxic effects of the herbicide glyphosate were analyzed by measuring chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronuclei (MN) in bone marrow cells of Swiss albino mice. A single dose of glyphosate was given intraperitoneally (i.p) to the animals at a concentration of 25 and 50 mg/kg b.wt. Animals of positive control group were injectedi.p. benzo(a)pyrene (100 mg/kg b.wt., once only), whereas, animals of control (vehicle) group were injectedi.p. dimethyl sulfoxide (0.2mL). Animals from all the groups were sacrificed at sampling times of 24, 48, and 72 hours and their bone marrow was analyzed for cytogenetic and chromosomal damage. Glyphosate treatment significantly increases CAs and MN induction at both treatments and time compared with the vehicle control (P<.05). The cytotoxic effects of glyphosate were also evident, as observed by significant decrease in mitotic index (MI). The present results indicate that glyphosate is clastogenic and cytotoxic to mouse bone marrow.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the mutagenic effect of the iodinated contrast medium Urografina® 292 using the micronucleus test in mouse bone marrow cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 737-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA B.B. BELLE ◽  
DANIELA D. LEFFA ◽  
DALIANE MAZZORANA ◽  
VANESSA M. DE ANDRADE
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Marrow Cells

Contrast media (CM) are frequently used in diagnostic radiology and in radiotherapy as a diagnostic tool and in treatment planning. Previous studies have demonstrated that these compounds induce chromosomal aberrations. This study evaluates the mutagenic effects induced by the contrast medium Urografina® 292 (meglumine amidotrizoate and sodium-ionic dimmer) in bone marrow cells (BMC) of mice in vivo. Micronuclei assay was performed in BMC of CF-1 mice injected with CM 1.5 and 3.0 mL/kg intravenous doses and 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mL/kg intraperitoneal doses. The animals were beheaded 24 h after treatment by cervical dislocation, and femur BMC from each animal were used in the micronucleus test. The group treated with the highest intravenous injection of Urografina® 292 (3.0 mL/kg) presented an increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in relation at the control group (P<0.05). The results obtained after intraperitoneal administration of CM showed that all doses (1.0 mL/kg, 2.0 mL/kg and 3.0 mL/kg) increased the frequency of MNPCEs, being significantly different from the negative control (P< 0.01). The present results suggest that iodinated contrast media Urografina® 292 may cause a significant increase of cytogenetic damage in bone marrow cells of mice.

Fluoride and endosulfan together potentiate cytogenetic effects in Swiss albino mice bone marrow cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 074823372097942
Author(s):  
Anju Sharma ◽  
Placheril John ◽  
Pradeep Bhatnagar
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Marrow Cells

In this study, the cytotoxic potential of fluoride and endosulfan in combination was investigated in Swiss albino mice bone marrow cells using the chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) test systems. Fluoride (25.1 mg kg−1 body weight [bw] in water) and endosulfan (1.8 mg kg−1 bw by oral intubation) were administered orally alone and in combination (fluoride 25.1 mg kg−1 bw + endosulfan 1.8 mg kg−1 bw) to male Swiss albino mice daily for 30 days. A significant ( p < 0.01) increase in micronuclei (MNs) induction and decreased ratio ( p < 0.01) of polychromatic to normonochromatic erythrocytes (indicators of cytotoxicity) were observed compared with saline controls when animals were given the combination of fluoride and endosulfan. A significant ( p < 0.01) increase in MNs induction and no change in the polychromatic erythrocytes to erythrocyte ratio were also observed when endosulfan was given alone. CAs such as gaps, breaks, fragments, rings, exchanges, and polyploidy were recorded in the bone marrow cells. The mean percent frequency of CAs was increased ( p < 0.01) in all the treated groups compared with the control saline group. In the combination group (F + E), the percent frequencies of CAs were significantly higher (13.875%) compared with those in the individual treatment groups of fluoride (4.375%) and endosulfan (6.25%). The mitotic index was calculated as percentage of dividing cells. A significant ( p < 0.01) decrease in mitotic index was observed in all treated groups compared with controls. In the combination group (F + E), mitotic index was significantly less than ( p < 0.01; 4.1 ± 0.49) the saline control (10.8 ± 0.98). These results indicated that repeated intake of endosulfan through various sources in fluoride affected areas resulted in increased cytotoxic effects. The greater effect in the combination group indicated additive interaction of fluoride and endosulfan in inducing cytotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.

scholarly journals Protective Effect ofAdhatoda vasciaNees against Radiation-Induced Damage at Cellular, Biochemical and Chromosomal Levels in Swiss Albino Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenal Kumar ◽  
Ravindra Samarth ◽  
Madhu Kumar ◽  
Senthamil R. Selvan ◽  
Begraj Saharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Marrow Cells

Extract ofAdhatoda vasica(L) Nees leaves has been used for treatment of various diseases and disorders in Ayurved and Unani medicine. Modulatory effect of ethanolic extract ofA. vasica(L) Nees against radiation-induced changes in terms of histological alterations in testis, reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPO), acid and alkaline phosphatases levels, and chromosomal alterations in Swiss albino mice was studied at various post-irradiation intervals between 1 and 30 days. Mice exposed to 8 Gy radiation showed radiation-induced sickness including marked changes in histology of testis and chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells with 100% mortality within 22 days. When ethanolic leaf extract ofA. vasicawas given orally at a dose of 800 mg kg−1body weight per mouse for 15 consecutive days and then exposed to radiation, death ofAdhatoda-pretreated irradiated mice was reduced to 70% at 30 days. The radiation dose reduction factor was 1.43. There was significantly lesser degree of damage to testis tissue architecture and various cell populations including spermatogonia, spermatids and Leydig cells. Correspondingly, a significant decrease in the LPO and an increase in the GSH levels were observed in testis and liver ofAdhatoda-pretreated irradiated mice. Similarly, a significant decrease in level of acid phosphatase and increase in level of alkaline phosphatase were observed.Adhatodapretreatment significantly prevented radiation-induced chromosomal damage in bone marrow cells. The study suggests thatAdhatodaplant extract has significant radioprotective effects on testis that warrants further mechanistic studies aimed at identifying the role of major ingredients in the extract.

Evaluation of genotoxicity of pan masala employing chromosomal aberration and micronucleus assay in bone marrow cells of the mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
BN Mojidra ◽  
K. Archana ◽  
AK Gautam ◽  
Y. Verma ◽  
BC Lakkad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotoxic Potential ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marrow Cells

Pan masala is commonly consumed in south-east Asian and other oriental countries as an alternate of tobacco chewing and smoking. Genotoxic potential of pan masala (pan masala plain and pan masala with tobacco known as gutkha) was evaluated employing chromosome aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) assay in vivo. Animals were exposed to three different doses (0.5%, 1.5% and 3%) of pan masala plain (PMP) and gutkha (PMT) through feed for a period of 6 months and micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations were studied in the bone marrow cells. Induction of mean micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) and normochromatic erythrocyte (MNNCE) was higher in both types of pan masala treated groups with respect to control group. Both pan masala plain and gutkha treatment significantly induced the frequency of MNPCE and MNNCE in the bone marrow cells, indicating the genotoxic potential. Furthermore, slight decline in the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes was also noticed, suggesting the cytotoxic potential even though the ratio was statistically non significant. A dose-dependent, significant increase in chromosome aberration was observed in both types of pan masala treated mice with respect to control. However, no significant difference in micronucleus and chromosomal aberration induction was noticed between two types of pan masala exposed (PMP and PMT) groups. Results suggest that both types of pan masala, i.e. plain and gutkha, have genotoxic potential.

scholarly journals Brahmarasayana protects against Ethyl methanesulfonate or Methyl methanesulfonate induced chromosomal aberrations in mouse bone marrow cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanive Parashiva Guruprasad ◽  
Advait Subramanian ◽  
Vikram Jeet Singh ◽  
Raghavendra Sudheer Kumar Sharma ◽  
Puthiya Mundyat Gopinath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Methyl Methanesulfonate ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Marrow Cells

scholarly journals Hepatocyte-like cells from directed differentiation of mouse bone marrow cells in vitro1

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-lei SHI ◽  
Yu-dong QIU ◽  
Qiang LI ◽  
Ting XIE ◽  
Zhang-hua ZHU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Directed Differentiation ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Marrow Cells
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document