scholarly journals Comparative results of gastric submucosal injection with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose and normal saline solution in a porcine model

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Lenz ◽  
Veruska Di Sena ◽  
Frank S. Nakao ◽  
Gustavo Paulo de Andrade ◽  
Maria Rachel da Silveira Rohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Median Time ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Submucosal Injection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Results

CONTEXT: Endoscopic mucosal resection is an established modality for excision of sessile lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. Submucosal fluid injection creates a cushion and may prevent thermal injury and perforation. OBJECTIVES: This blind study investigated the performance of three different solutions to create submucosal fluid cushions in porcine stomach. METHODS: Three solutions were injected in the stomach of nine pigs BR1: normal saline solution, carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 0.25%. In each pig, submucosal injections with 6 mL per test-solution were performed. One drop of methylene blue was added to all injections for better visualization. The time for the bleb to disappear was recorded. RESULTS: The overall median time of visible submucosal cushion was 37 minutes (range 12-60 min) for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 31 minutes for carboxymethylcellulose (range 10-43 min) and 19 minutes for normal saline solution (range 8-37 min). There was no statistically significant difference neither between normal saline solution and carboxymethylcellulose (P = 0.146) nor carboxymethylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (P = 0.119) but the median duration of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was significantly longer than normal saline solution (P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS: The length of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose submucosal fluid cushion is longer in comparison with normal saline solution. The median time for carboxymethylcellulose was not longer than normal saline solution. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, in the concentration of 0.25%, may be a durable alternative for submucosal injection.

scholarly journals Antioxidant effect of Arrabideae chica (crajiru) extract on oxidative stress in diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Paula Perlles Gomes Bandeira e Sousa ◽  
Ítalo Medeiros Azevedo ◽  
Aldo Cunha Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of the antioxidant potential of Arrabideae chica (crajiru) extract on oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Methods: Adult Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing 238±12g were divided into three groups of six rats each: CN normal untreated control; DIAB+NS diabetic rats treated with normal saline; and diabetic rats treated with crajiru extract, DIAB+CR. The CN and DIAB+NS groups (control groups) received normal saline solution (NS) orally (gavage); rats in the DIAB+CR group received crajiru extract (300 mg/kg) once a day by gavage for 6 weeks. Measurements of urea and creatinine in serum, and kidney tissue catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were performed. The variables were assessed using the Tukey test, significance p<0.05. Results: All animals survived the experiments. In the CN group, compared with the DIAB+NS group, there was significant difference between the levels of glycemia on the second day of dosing and on the 10th day (p<0.05). No difference was observed on glycemia comparing the 2th and 10th day on the rats of group C+NS (p>0.05). Diabetic animals from DIAB+CR group had a significant reduction in glycemia on 10th day of treatment, comparing the 2nd day (p<0.05). There was a significant reduction in glycemia in the DIAB+CR group, comparing with the DIAB+NS group (p<0.05). There was an increase in urea and creatinine levels in rats DIAB+SN when compared to controls, C+SN (p<0.001). Rats from the DIAB+CR group had a significant reduction in urea and creatinine, compared to the DIAB+NS group (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in urea and creatinine comparing the C+NS and DIAB+CR groups. The rats from the DIAB+NS group had significantly lower levels of CAT, GSH-px and SOD when compared to the normal control rats (p<0.001). In animals from the DIAB+SN group, the levels of these antioxidant enzymes were significantly reduced (p<0.001). The treatment of diabetics with crajiru extract caused a significant increase (p<0.001) in the levels of CAT, GSH-px and SOD, when compared to rats in the BIAB+SN group. Conclusion: The data of the present study confirms that the crajiru extract positively influenced the control of hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. More research is needed to provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of diabetes treatment using crajiru extract and its flavonoids.

scholarly journals Experimental assessment of three electrosurgical tissue-sealing devices in a porcine model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Pál Dunay ◽  
Zsuzsanna Lipcsey ◽  
Attila Arany-Tóth ◽  
Tibor Németh ◽  
Norbert Solymosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Tissue Integrity ◽  
Working Temperature ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Tissue Sealing

AbstractThree electrosurgical tissue-sealing devices (EnSeal ETSDRC-01, LigaSure LS1500 and Thunderbeat TB-0535PC) were compared regarding sealing time (ST), maximum working temperature (WTmax) and the total (MTZtotal) as well as the collateral microscopic thermal injury zone (MTZcollat) using laparoscopic handpieces 5 mm in diameter on four types of tissue (liver, mesentery, cross striated muscle and spleen) in an in vivo porcine model. LigaSure had the lowest mean ST in spleen, mesentery, muscle and liver, followed by Thunderbeat and EnSeal with significant differences between all types of tissues and devices. The significantly lowest mean WTmax was obtained for EnSeal in mesentery, muscle and liver. LigaSure and EnSeal operated at the lowest temperature in spleen without a significant difference between them. Thunderbeat produced significantly higher temperature peaks in all cases. The lowest mean MTZtotal was caused by LigaSure and EnSeal in spleen, mesentery and muscle without significant differences between them, followed by the significantly higher values of Thunderbeat. Nevertheless, Thunderbeat produced the significantly lowest mean MTZtotal in the liver. EnSeal produced the lowest mean MTZcollat in the liver, followed by LigaSure and Thunderbeat showing significant differences. EnSeal and LigaSure produced the lowest mean MTZcollat in the spleen, mesentery and muscle without significant differences between them, followed by the significantly higher values of Thunderbeat. Based on the results of this study, Thunderbeat seems to be more invasive to tissue integrity (even without the activation of the ultrasonic scissor function) than EnSeal or LigaSure, that operate at lower temperatures and were found to cause negligible collateral thermal damage.

Heat Sink Protection against Lasering Endotracheal Cuffs

1982 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 606-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis E. LeJeune ◽  
Francis LeTard ◽  
Charles Guice ◽  
Harvey Marice
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Metal Foil ◽  
Preparation Time ◽  
Thin Walled

The ignition of an endotracheal cuff by CO2 laser impaction has proved troublesome in several ignition sequences. Metal foil tape wrapped around the shaft of the tube will provide adequate protection for it, but the tape does not extend to the thin-walled cuff. When normal saline solution is used instead of air to fill the cuff, heat is rapidly conducted away from the wall and the cuff is prevented from reaching its kindling temperature. If penetration should occur, a fine jet of saline solution instantaneously sprays the field, extinguishing any early combustion. The reaction time of the surgeon or an assistant is not a factor in prevention of thermal injury, no new equipment is required and preparation time is minimal.

scholarly journals Submucosal Injection of Normal Saline can Prevent Unexpected Deep Thermal Injury of Argon Plasma Coagulation in thein vivoPorcine Stomach

Gut and Liver ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Fujishiro ◽  
Shinya Kodashima ◽  
Satoshi Ono ◽  
Osamu Goto ◽  
Nobutake Yamamichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Argon Plasma Coagulation ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Submucosal Injection ◽  
Plasma Coagulation

Comparative Performance of Submucosal Fluid Injection with Hydroxypropyl Metylcellulose 0.25%, Carboxymethylcellulose 0.5% and Normal Saline Solution in a Porcine Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. AB283
Author(s):  
Luciano Lenz ◽  
Veruska Di Sena ◽  
Fernanda Thuler ◽  
Rodrigo Azevedo ◽  
Marcus Dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Fluid Injection ◽  
Comparative Performance

scholarly journals Outcome of the use of 0.9% saline versus 0.45% saline for fluid rehydration in moderate and severe diabetic ketoacidosis in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora El Said Badawi ◽  
Mona Hafez ◽  
Heba Sharaf Eldin ◽  
Hend Mehawed Abdelatif ◽  
Shimaa Atef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Serum Electrolytes ◽  
Serum Chloride ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
The Moment

Abstract Background The debate for the optimum sodium concentration in the rehydration solution in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) persists till the moment. The aim was to compare the outcome of 0.9% saline versus 0.45% saline in children with moderate and severe (DKA) regarding the effect on serum electrolytes, duration of DKA resolution and the incidence of hyperchloremia. Results A retrospective analysis of 121 children with moderate or severe DKA was done. After the initial 4 h in which both groups received normal saline, patients were divided into two groups continuing on 0.9% (N=72) or switched to 0.45% saline (N=49). Serum chloride and Cl/Na ratios were significantly higher in 0.9% saline group at 4 and 8 h. The 0.9% saline group had significantly higher proportion of hyperchloremia at 4 and 8 h (P value: 0.002, 0.02). The median duration of correction of DKA (14 h among 0.9% saline versus 10 h among 0.45% saline) without significant difference (P value= 0.43). The change in plasma glucose, effective osmolarity, corrected Na levels were comparable between groups. Conclusion There is an unavoidable iatrogenically induced rise in serum chloride with higher incidence of hyperchloremia with the use of normal saline in rehydration of children presenting in DKA and shock. The use of 0.45% saline as post-bolus rehydration fluid is not associated with a decline in the corrected serum sodium concentration and does not affect the rate of correction of acidosis or rate of drop in blood glucose or duration of DKA resolution when compared to normal saline.

scholarly journals Biofilm reduction potential of 0.02% polyhexanide irrigation solution in several types of urethral catheters

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian H. H. Brill ◽  
Julia Hambach ◽  
Christian Utpatel ◽  
Diana C. Mogrovejo ◽  
Henrik Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Irrigation Solution ◽  
Clinically Relevant Bacteria

Abstract Background Long-term use of urethral catheters is associated with high risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) and blockage. Microbial biofilms are a common cause of catheter blockage, reducing their lifetime and significantly increasing morbidity of UTIs. A 0.02% polyhexanide irrigation solution developed for routine mechanical rinsing shows potential for bacterial decolonization of urethral catheters and has the potential to reduce or prevent biofilm formation. Methods Using an in vitro assay with standard market-leading types of catheters artificially contaminated with clinically relevant bacteria, assays were carried out to evaluate the biofilm reduction and prevention potential of a 0.02% polyhexanide solution versus no intervention (standard approach) and irrigation with saline solution (NaCl 0.9%). The efficiency of decolonization was measured through microbial plate count and membrane filtration. Results Irrigation using a 0.02% polyhexanide solution is suitable for the decolonization of a variety of transurethral catheters. The effect observed is significant compared to irrigation with 0.9% saline solution (p = 0.002) or no treatment (p = 0.011). No significant difference was found between irrigation with 0.9% saline solution and no treatment (p = 0.74). Conclusions A 0.02% polyhexanide solution is able to reduce bacterial biofilm from catheters artificially contaminated with clinically relevant bacteria in vitro. The data shows a reduction of the viability of thick bacterial biofilms in a variety of commercially available urinary catheters made from silicone, latex-free silicone, hydrogel-coated silicone and PVC. Further research is required to evaluate the long-term tolerability and efficacy of polyhexanide in clinical practice.

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