scholarly journals Early-onset acute transverse myelitis following hepatitis B vaccination and respiratory infection: case report

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (2A) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Fonseca ◽  
Thelma Ribeiro Noce ◽  
Maria Letícia Gambogi Teixeira ◽  
Antônio Lúcio Teixeira Jr ◽  
Marco Aurélio Lana-Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Acute transverse myelitis is an acute inflammatory process of the spinal cord and it is a rare clinical syndrome in childhood. In this paper, we report a case of 3 years-old boy who developed acute onset tetraparesia following a viral respiratory infecction and hepatitis B vaccination. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord disclosed signal-intensity abnormalities from C4 to C3. A diagnosis of acute transverse myelitis was made and the patient was treated with IV methylprednisolone and IV immunoglobulin. The child had a fair outcome despite of the very acute course of the disease and the presence of a cervical sensory level which usually harbor a poor prognosis.

Acute Transverse Myelitis: A Retrospective Study Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Scott ◽  
Norbert Weikers ◽  
Mark Hospodar ◽  
Joseph Wapenski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract:The prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the syndrome of acute transverse myelitis had not been evaluated. After retrospective study of 14 cases, we found that MRI is valuable for both diagnosis and prognosis in this illness. The criteria for the diagnosis of acute transverse myelitis consisted of acute onset (over less than 3 weeks) of symmetrical motor and sensory dysfunction referable to a distinct spinal cord level, with sphincter dysfunction. Patients with abnormal MRIs of the spinal cord had significantly worse outcomes than patients with normal MRIs.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) presenting as acute transverse myelitis with positive aquaporin 4 antibodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238992
Author(s):  
Katherine Thornley ◽  
Carlo Canepa
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Longitudinal Extensive Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Oral Steroids ◽  
Extensive Transverse Myelitis

An 80-year-old, previously healthy patient presents with acute transverse myelitis with sensory level at T8. The MRI scan of the spinal cord showed longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis, and she tested positive for aquaporin 4 antibodies in serum. She received treatment with intravenous and oral steroids, with no improvement and then underwent plasma exchange. She was then started on azathioprine for prevention of relapses, while continuing physiotherapy and occupational therapy. Eventually, she was transferred to a specialised spinal cord centre for long-term rehabilitation.

scholarly journals ACUTE TRANSVERSE MYELITIS AS A NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATION OF HASHIMOTOS THYROIDITIS: A CASE REPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (06) ◽  
pp. 476-479
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ajamat ◽  
◽  
Kadira Abdi ◽  
Aziz Ahizoun ◽  
Youssouf Benmoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Neurological Manifestation ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Neurological Damage ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

Spinal cord neurological disorders associated with Hashimotos disease are rare and very rarely described.Thediagnosis is based on a set of arguments with the performance of an exhaustive assessment in order to eliminate other possible causes of medullary neurological damage. In this case, we report a 21 years old man, who was admitted for a spinal cord syndrome with D12-L1 sensory level and was diagnosed with acute transverse myelitis associated with Hashimotos thyroiditis. The evolution was favorable with regression of the symptomatology after bolus of corticoids followed by oral corticotherapy.

scholarly journals COVID-19–associated acute transverse myelitis: a rare entity

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e238668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uddalak Chakraborty ◽  
Atanu Chandra ◽  
Aritra Kumar Ray ◽  
Purbasha Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Grade Fever ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Compressive Myelopathy

SARS-CoV-2 has wreaked havoc globally and has claimed innumerable lives all over the world. Apart from the characteristic respiratory illness, this disease has been associated with florid extrapulmonary manifestations and complications. A 59-year-old female healthcare worker presented with features of acute-onset non-compressive myelopathy with a sensory level at T10 segment along with high-grade fever for 4 days. MRI of dorsal spine was suggestive of myelitis at T7 vertebral level. She was initiated on injectable steroids and did show some initial signs of recovery. A day later, she developed an acute-onset respiratory failure but could not be revived despite our best efforts. Her nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab turned out to be positive for SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We hereby report a case of acute transverse myelitis with COVID-19 as a probable aetiology.

Pediatric Acute Transverse Myelitis Overview and Differential Diagnosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1426-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varina L. Wolf ◽  
Pamela J. Lupo ◽  
Timothy E. Lotze
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Immunomodulating Therapy ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

Acute transverse myelitis is a clinical syndrome affecting the spinal cord, which is characterized by acute onset of motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. Approximately 20% of cases of acute transverse myelitis occur in children. This review summarizes the current published literature on acute transverse myelitis, including epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, clinical evaluation, and differential diagnosis. The article also summarizes the neuroimaging features, acute and chronic complications, treatments, and prognosis of acute transverse myelitis in the pediatric population. The initial evaluation centers on differentiation from other causes of myelopathy, and cases are further divided into idiopathic or disease-associated acute transverse myelitis. Correct diagnosis is important for treatment and prognosis. Treatment begins with intensive surveillance for acute life-threatening respiratory or autonomic complications. Immunomodulating therapy is recommended for noninfectious causes, using high-dose intravenous corticosteroids or plasma exchange. Other therapeutic options are also discussed. Prognosis depends on a number of factors, and evidence suggests that the majority of children have a good outcome. A small percentage of children diagnosed with acute transverse myelitis later are diagnosed with other demyelinating diseases, especially neuromyelitis optica, or multiple sclerosis. The most common long-term complications of acute transverse myelitis are urinary, motor, or sensory dysfunction.

scholarly journals Acute Transverse Myelitis (ATM):Clinical Review of 43 Patients With COVID-19-Associated ATM and 3 Post-Vaccination ATM Serious Adverse Events With the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine (AZD1222)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo C. Román ◽  
Fernando Gracia ◽  
Antonio Torres ◽  
Alexis Palacios ◽  
Karla Gracia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Clinical Review ◽  
Axonal Neuropathy ◽  
Neurological Complication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Sensory Level ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

IntroductionAlthough acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a rare neurological condition (1.34-4.6 cases per million/year) COVID-19-associated ATM cases have occurred during the pandemic.Case-finding methodsWe report a patient from Panama with SARS-CoV-2 infection complicated by ATM and present a comprehensive clinical review of 43 patients with COVID-19-associated ATM from 21 countries published from March 2020 to January 2021. In addition, 3 cases of ATM were reported as serious adverse events during the clinical trials of the COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222).ResultsAll patients had typical features of ATM with acute onset of paralysis, sensory level and sphincter deficits due to spinal cord lesions demonstrated by imaging. There were 23 males (53%) and 20 females (47%) ranging from ages 21- to 73- years-old (mean age, 49 years), with two peaks at 29 and 58 years, excluding 3 pediatric cases. The main clinical manifestations were quadriplegia (58%) and paraplegia (42%). MRI reports were available in 40 patients; localized ATM lesions affected ≤3 cord segments (12 cases, 30%) at cervical (5 cases) and thoracic cord levels (7 cases); 28 cases (70%) had longitudinally-extensive ATM (LEATM) involving ≥4 spinal cord segments (cervicothoracic in 18 cases and thoracolumbar-sacral in 10 patients). Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) occurred in 8 patients, mainly women (67%) ranging from 27- to 64-years-old. Three ATM patients also had blindness from myeloneuritis optica (MNO) and two more also had acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN).ConclusionsWe found ATM to be an unexpectedly frequent neurological complication of COVID-19. Most cases (68%) had a latency of 10 days to 6 weeks that may indicate post-infectious neurological complications mediated by the host’s response to the virus. In 32% a brief latency (15 hours to 5 days) suggested a direct neurotropic effect of SARS-CoV-2. The occurrence of 3 reported ATM adverse effects among 11,636 participants in the AZD1222 vaccine trials is extremely high considering a worldwide incidence of 0.5/million COVID-19-associated ATM cases found in this report. The pathogenesis of ATM remains unknown, but it is conceivable that SARS-CoV-2 antigens –perhaps also present in the AZD1222 COVID-19 vaccine or its chimpanzee adenovirus adjuvant– may induce immune mechanisms leading to the myelitis.

scholarly journals Myelopolyradiculoneuritis with lesions predominantly across the spinal cord

2001 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (3-4) ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
V. V. Ponomarev ◽  
V. I. Khodulev
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Examination Methods ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Acute primary myelitis is an inflammatory disease of the spinal cord. Transverse and multifocal myelitis is distinguished, differing in the size and number of foci of inflammation in individual segments of the spinal cord. Acute transverse myelitis is considered as a separate nosological form in the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The introduction of such modern paraclinical examination methods as electroneuromyography (ENMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), make it possible to visualize the morphological substrate of the disease, to better understand the nature and mechanisms of its development.

scholarly journals The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Acute Transverse Myelitis

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara G. Austin ◽  
Chi-Shing Zee ◽  
Cheryl Waters
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis

ABSTRACT:Eighteen adult patients presenting with acute transverse myelitis (ATM) were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging. Only 7 had abnormal scans showing an area of increased signal intensity within the cord solely on T2 weighted images; Tl weighted images were normal. The MRI abnormality did not correlate with the cause of the transverse myelitis, the extent of maximum neurological deficit, or the prognosis. A scan performed more than 5 days after the onset of disease was most likely to be positive. Even though the prognostic value of MRI in ATM may be limited, it remains a valuable technique for ruling out other causes of noncompressive spinal cord lesions, such as hemmorhage, vascular malformation, or tumor.

Acute transverse myelitis after inactivated COVID-19 vaccine

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Nazan Şimşek Erdem ◽  
Seden Demirci ◽  
Tuğba Özel ◽  
Khalida Mamadova ◽  
Kamil Karaali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Extensive Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been rapidly developed to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. There is increasing safety concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccines. We report a 78-year old woman who was presented with tetraparesis, paresthesias of bilateral upper extremities, and urinary retention of one-day duration. Three weeks before these symptoms, she was vaccinated with CoronaVAC vaccine (Sinovac Life Sciences, China). Spine magnetic resonance imaging showed longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (TM) from the C1 to the T3 spinal cord segment. An extensive diagnostic workup was performed to exclude other possible causes of TM. We suggest that longitudinally extensive TM may be associated with COVID-19 vaccination in this case. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of longitudinally extensive TM developing after CoronaVac vaccination. Clinicians should be aware of neurological symptoms after vaccination of COVID-19.

Acute Transverse Myelitis Associated with COVID-19 vaccine: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 2083-2087
Author(s):  
Ali Alshararni
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Dorsal Spinal Cord ◽  
Lumbosacral Spinal Cord ◽  
Acute Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The case report demonstrates the issue of Khalid Ali, who is a citizen of Yamen, explicitly living in Saudi Arabia. He is 38 years, weighs 82kgs, and of 162 cm in height. He is a sales professional and married with two kids. Khalid Ali has been living healthy until two years ago when he started experiencing pains in his lower extremities accompanied by numbness. He was treated, and everything went back to normal until soon when the case came back after the administration of the Pfizer vaccine as a preventive measure for COVID-19 disease. The consequence of the administration of the Pfizer vaccine resulted in severe pain and weaknesses in his legs and severe headache on the second day, which resulted in him being put on an ICU after 48 hours since he was almost paralyzed. A series of tests were conducted on him, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hematology, and biochemistry which involved Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) protein test. MRI findings were significant since they indicated acute inflammation on the spine observed on the dorsal spinal cord with contrast and lumbosacral spinal cord. All the hematology tests turned out to be expected. Biochemistry conducted tests were similarly standard except for CSF protein which was highly abnormal. The combination of the high abnormal CSF protein test and acute inflammation of the spine observed from the MRI findings were confirmed evidence of acute transverse myelitis as a result of the administration of the Pfizer vaccine.

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