scholarly journals Neuromyelitis optica: brain abnormalities in a Brazilian cohort

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bernardi Bichuetti ◽  
René Leandro Magalhães Rivero ◽  
Daniel May Oliveira ◽  
Nilton Amorin de Souza ◽  
Nitamar Abdala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Features ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Brazilian Cohort ◽  
Abnormal Brain

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a demyelinating disease consisting of relapsing-remitting optic neuritis and myelitis with a more severe course than Multiple Sclerosis. Recently, it has been shown that almost 50% of patients with NMO can have brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities. We report on six Brazilian patients with NMO, fulfilling the 1999 Wingerchuck criteria for this disease, with abnormal brain MRI and discuss their clinical and radiological features.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Findings of Neonates with Clinical Seizure Admitted to Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital and its Effect on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventions of Newborns from 2015-2016

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Fallah ◽  
Mohammad Javad Asadi ◽  
Reza Nafisi Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Ahrar Yazdi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Clinical Seizure ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Abnormal Brain

Introduction: In neonatal period, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best neuroimaging to find etiology of seizure. The aim of this study was to evaluate brain MRI findings of neonates with clinical seizure and its effect on diagnostic and therapeutic interventions of newborn. Methods: In a retrospective study, medical records and brain MRI findings of neonates with clinical seizure admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit or Pediatric Ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran from September 2018 and before were evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software , the required indicators and tables were prepared and Fisher exact test and Chi-square test were used to determine the relationship between qualitative variables and independent t-test was used to compare the means in the two groups Results: Twenty-five girls and 38 boys were studied. The cause of seizures was found in 94% and the most common cause of congenital hypoxia was in 22 infants (35%). The most common type of seizure was tonic in 23 infants (36.5%) and the most common type of generalized seizure was in 47 infants (75%). Brain MRI was abnormal in 19 neonates (30%). Based on the MRI results, there was a change in therapeutic interventions (brain surgery) in four infants (6.3%) and in diagnostic interventions (metabolic tests) in 19 infants (30%). Abnormal brain MRI was more frequent in neonates by cesarean section (46%)  than  normal vaginal delivery (19%), (p= 0.01) and also neonates with partial seizure (37.5%) had an abnormal MRI than  generalized seizure (21%), (p= 0.03). Mean of hospitalization days was longer in neonates with abnormal brain MRI (12.32±2.76 days) than neonates with normal MRI (8.57±2.82 days) (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, brain MRI might be useful in finding intracranial pathology that causes seizure in neonates by cesarean section to detect birth asphyxia and in newborns with partial seizure.  

Neuromyelitis optica in Brazil: a study on clinical and prognostic factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
DB Bichuetti ◽  
EML Oliveira ◽  
NA Souza ◽  
RLM Rivero ◽  
AA Gabbai
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
First Relapse ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objectives To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with relapsing neuromyelitis optica (NMO) from a tertiary care center in Brazil and compare the groups with normal and abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods Retrospective review of 41 patients followed at the Neuroimmunology Clinic of the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1994 to 2007. Results All patients had relapsing-remitting optic-spinal disease, long extending spinal cord lesions, and brain MRI not meeting Barkhof criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS), thus fulfilling the 1999 and 2006 Wingerchuck criteria for NMO. Mean follow-up time was 52 months; mean age of onset was 32.6 years. The mean relapse rate (RR) and progression index (PI) were 1.0 and 0.9, respectively. Twenty-four patients had brain lesions not compatible with MS on MRI, and there were no statistical differences on PI and RR between patients who had brain lesions and patients who did not. Incomplete recovery, but not the type of first relapse, correlated with a worse prognosis. Seventeen patients were tested for NMO-IgG (anti-aquaporin-4 antibody) with 41% positivity. Conclusions In this series, we did not find a statistical difference of disease progression between patients with and without brain lesions, suggesting that the presence of brain abnormalities is not a marker of disease severity.

scholarly journals Reversible MR Findings in Marchiafava-Bignami Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmine Franco Muccio ◽  
Luca De Lipsis ◽  
Rossella Belmonte ◽  
Alfonso Cerase
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Type B ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease (MBD) is a toxic demyelinating disease often diagnosed in chronic alcoholics. The disease process typically involves the corpus callosum and clinically presents with various manifestations resulting in MBD type A and type B on the basis of clinical condition, extent of callosal involvement and extracallosal involvement at brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and prognosis. The death rate is high. We report a patient affected by MBD type B, who presented an isolated reversible splenial lesion at brain MRI and achieved a favorable recovery.

Prevalence of brain magnetic resonance imaging meeting Barkhof and McDonald criteria for dissemination in space among headache patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syrone Liu ◽  
Jonathan Kullnat ◽  
Dennis Bourdette ◽  
Jack Simon ◽  
Dale F Kraemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Headache Patients

Background: Incidental T2 white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in headache patients on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may prompt concern for demyelinating disease. Objective: We reviewed brain MRI studies in patients with headaches without known demyelinating disease to determine the prevalence meeting imaging criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) using two different definitions of “juxtacortical” and “periventricular”. Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing pre- and post-contrast MRI for headaches over a 25-month period were retrospectively identified. Exclusions included patients under age 10 and over 55 years or with known demyelinating disorder. Patients were classified as meeting: 1) Barkhof and 2) 2010 McDonald dissemination in space criteria for MS based on: FLAIR/T2 scans for WMH and enhanced T1-weighted images for enhancement. Both groups were further differentiated by defining “periventricular” and “juxtacortical” as WMH contacting ventricle and cortex (Barkhof “touching”, McDonald “touching”) versus WMH within 3 mm (Barkhof – 3 mm, McDonald – 3 mm). Results: 326/564 (58%) studies met inclusion criteria. WMH prevalence was 168/326 (51.53%). Barkhof “touching” criteria were met in 4/168 (2.4%) and in 12/168 (7.1%) of the 3 mm group. McDonald criteria were met in 41/168 (24.4%) for “touching” and 58/168 (34.5%) for 3 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Barkhof and McDonald criteria were met in 2.4–7.1% and 24.4–34.5%, respectively.

Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings in acute relapses of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Cabrera-Gómez ◽  
A. Saiz-Hinarejos ◽  
F. Graus ◽  
A. González-Quevedo ◽  
R. Rodríguez-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Extensive Transverse Myelitis

We studied cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions in three women with acute attacks of recurrent longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (r-LETM), recurrent-optic neuritis (r-ON) and r-LETM-CNS. Neuromyelitis Optica -immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody was positive in all cases. Brain MRI (1.5 Tesla) was performed according to protocol from consortium MS centre. We described the cranial lesions in brain MRI of acute relapses. These lesions were different from MS, most had an asymptomatic course which disappeared with time, protocol from consortium of MS centre criteria for brain MRI and seropositivity of NMO-IgG are useful tools for differentiate acute lesions of NMO/MS. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 248—251. http://msj.sagepub.com

scholarly journals Can we evaluate cranial aneurysms on conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging?

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Caliskan ◽  
Yeliz Pekcevik ◽  
Adnan Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Vascular Structures ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the contribution of conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the determination of intracranial aneurysms. Materials and Methods: Brain MRI and computed tomography angiography (CTA) of 45 patients (29 women and 16 men; age range, 32–80 years) with aneurysm were analyzed. A comparison was made between brain MRI and CTA based on size and presence of aneurysm. The comparisons between MRI and CTA were investigated through Bland-Altman graphics, receiver operating characteristic curve, and Kappa statistics. Results: Fifty-seven aneurysms were evaluated. Forty-five percent of 57 aneurysms on CTA were detected on conventional brain MRI. A significant correlation was found between CTA and brain MRI in the diagnosis of aneurysm (P < 0.05). In an analysis of the size measurement, a significant correlation was observed between CTA and brain MRI. Seventy-seven percent of aneurysms <4 mm was not detected and the efficiency of MRI in the detection of aneurysms <4 mm was found to be low. Conclusion: Aneurysms can also be appreciated on conventional brain MRI, and vascular structures should be reviewed carefully while analyzing brain MRI.

The Implications of Brain MRI in Autism Spectrum Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (14) ◽  
pp. 1611-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison S. Cooper ◽  
Eron Friedlaender ◽  
Susan E. Levy ◽  
Karuna V. Shekdar ◽  
Andrea Bennett Bradford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Neurologic Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Low Prevalence

Our objective was to describe the types of providers who refer children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the referral reason, and MRI results. The most common referral reasons were autism spectrum disorder with seizures (33.7%), autism spectrum disorder alone (26.3%), and autism spectrum disorder with abnormal neurologic examination or preexisting finding (24%). Neurology (62.5%), general pediatric (22.3%), and developmental/behavioral practitioners (8.9%) referred the most patients. The prevalence of definite pathology was highest in children referred for autism spectrum disorder with abnormal neurologic examination/preexisting finding (26.2%, 95% CI: 16.8%-36%), headaches (25.7%, 95% CI: 11.2%-40.2%), or seizures (22%, 95% CI: 14.6%-29.5%), and was lowest in children referred for autism spectrum disorder alone (6.5%, 95% CI: 1.5%-11.6%). We concluded that there is a low prevalence of definite pathology in children with autism spectrum disorder undergoing brain MRI. In children with abnormal neurologic examination or preexisting finding, seizures, or headaches, one may consider performing brain MRI given the higher prevalence of pathology.

scholarly journals Ocular flutter as presenting manifestation of pediatric MOG antibody–associated demyelination: A case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianthi Breza ◽  
Nikoletta Smyrni ◽  
Georgios Koutsis ◽  
Evangelos Anagnostou ◽  
John Tzartos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Ocular Flutter ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mog Antibodies ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Csf Oligoclonal Bands

A 13-year-old girl presented with a 5-day history of oscillopsia. On examination, ocular flutter and mild cerebellar signs were found. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed four periventricular and subcortical non-enhancing lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands were negative. Neuroblastoma or other malignancies were not found. She responded well to a corticosteroid–intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) combination and remained symptom-free for 3 years until presenting again with isolated ocular flutter. Brain MRI at this time remained atypical for classic multiple sclerosis (MS) with a predominance of juxtacortical demyelinating lesions. CSF was positive for oligoclonal bands. Serum myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies were present. Ocular flutter can be the presenting feature of MOG antibody–associated pediatric demyelination.

scholarly journals Slowly expanding/evolving lesions as a magnetic resonance imaging marker of chronic active multiple sclerosis lesions

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1915-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colm Elliott ◽  
Jerry S Wolinsky ◽  
Stephen L Hauser ◽  
Ludwig Kappos ◽  
Frederik Barkhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Jacobian Determinant ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
T2 Lesions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Chronic lesion activity driven by smoldering inflammation is a pathological hallmark of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: To develop a method for automatic detection of slowly expanding/evolving lesions (SELs) on conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and characterize such SELs in primary progressive MS (PPMS) and relapsing MS (RMS) populations. Methods: We defined SELs as contiguous regions of existing T2 lesions showing local expansion assessed by the Jacobian determinant of the deformation between reference and follow-up scans. SEL candidates were assigned a heuristic score based on concentricity and constancy of change in T2- and T1-weighted MRIs. SELs were examined in 1334 RMS patients and 555 PPMS patients. Results: Compared with RMS patients, PPMS patients had higher numbers of SELs ( p = 0.002) and higher T2 volumes of SELs ( p < 0.001). SELs were devoid of gadolinium enhancement. Compared with areas of T2 lesions not classified as SEL, SELs had significantly lower T1 intensity at baseline and larger decrease in T1 intensity over time. Conclusion: We suggest that SELs reflect chronic tissue loss in the absence of ongoing acute inflammation. SELs may represent a conventional brain MRI correlate of chronic active MS lesions and a candidate biomarker for smoldering inflammation in MS.

scholarly journals Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Developmentally Delayed Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Akbar Momen ◽  
Gholamreza Jelodar ◽  
Hamid Dehdashti
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Developmentally Delayed ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Abnormal Brain

Background. Developmental disorders are failure or inability to acquire various age-specific skills at expected maturational age, which affects about 5–10% of preschool children. One of the most important methods for evaluation of developmentally delayed children is neuroimaging, especially, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that provides useful information regarding brain tissue structures and anomalies.Method and Material. In this study, hospital records of 580 developmentally delayed children (aged 2 months to 15 years) who admitted in pediatric ward of Golestan Hospital from 1997 to 2009 were selected. Information such as age, MRI findings were collected in the questionnaire and statistically analyzed.Results. Total, 580 children including 333 males (57.4%) and 247 females (42.6%) were studied. Abnormal brain MRI was observed in 340 (58.6%) cases (204 Males, 136 females). The finding includes nonspecific in 38 (6.6%), congenital and developmental anomalies of brain in 39 (6.7%), recognizable syndromes in 3 (0.5%), neurovascular diseases or trauma in 218 (37.6%), and metabolic or neurodegenerative diseases in 42 (7.2%) cases.Conclusion. Because 60% of all study groups showed abnormal brain MRI, using this method could be effective in diagnosis, management, and almost prognosis determination processes.

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