scholarly journals Particulate soil organic carbon and stratification ratio increases in response to crop residue decomposition under no-till

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1483-1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clever Briedis ◽  
João Carlos de Moraes Sá ◽  
Roberto Simão De-Carli ◽  
Erielton Aparecido Pupo Antunes ◽  
Lucas Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
No Till ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Particulate Soil ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition ◽  
Biomass Decomposition

In soils under no-tillage (NT), the continuous crop residue input to the surface layer leads to carbon (C) accumulation. This study evaluated a soil under NT in Ponta Grossa (State of Paraná, Brazil) for: 1) the decomposition of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) residues, 2) relation of the biomass decomposition effect with the soil organic carbon (SOC) content, the particulate organic carbon (POC) content, and the soil carbon stratification ratio (SR) of an Inceptisol. The assessments were based on seven samplings (t0 to t6) in a period of 160 days of three transects with six sampling points each. The oat dry biomass was 5.02 Mg ha-1 at t0, however, after 160 days, only 17.8 % of the initial dry biomass was left on the soil surface. The SOC in the 0-5 cm layer varied from 27.56 (t0) to 30.07 g dm-3 (t6). The SR increased from 1.33 to 1.43 in 160 days. There was also an increase in the POC pool in this period, from 8.1 to 10.7 Mg ha-1. The increase in SOC in the 0-5 cm layer in the 160 days was mainly due to the increase of POC derived from oat residue decomposition. The linear relationship between SOC and POC showed that 21 % of SOC was due to the more labile fraction. The results indicated that the continuous input of residues could be intensified to increase the C pool and sequestration in soils under NT.

scholarly journals Crop residue decomposition in Minnesota biochar-amended plots

Solid Earth ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Weyers ◽  
K. A. Spokas
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Microbial Dynamics ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
First Order ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition

Abstract. Impacts of biochar application at laboratory scales are routinely studied, but impacts of biochar application on decomposition of crop residues at field scales have not been widely addressed. The priming or hindrance of crop residue decomposition could have a cascading impact on soil processes, particularly those influencing nutrient availability. Our objectives were to evaluate biochar effects on field decomposition of crop residue, using plots that were amended with biochars made from different plant-based feedstocks and pyrolysis platforms in the fall of 2008. Litterbags containing wheat straw material were buried in July of 2011 below the soil surface in a continuous-corn cropped field in plots that had received one of seven different biochar amendments or a uncharred wood-pellet amendment 2.5 yr prior to start of this study. Litterbags were collected over the course of 14 weeks. Microbial biomass was assessed in treatment plots the previous fall. Though first-order decomposition rate constants were positively correlated to microbial biomass, neither parameter was statistically affected by biochar or wood-pellet treatments. The findings indicated only a residual of potentially positive and negative initial impacts of biochars on residue decomposition, which fit in line with established feedstock and pyrolysis influences. Overall, these findings indicate that no significant alteration in the microbial dynamics of the soil decomposer communities occurred as a consequence of the application of plant-based biochars evaluated here.

No-Till Impact on Soil and Soil Organic Carbon Erosion under Crop Residue Scarcity in Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 1503-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmaine N. Mchunu ◽  
Simon Lorentz ◽  
Graham Jewitt ◽  
Alan Manson ◽  
Vincent Chaplot
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
No Till ◽  
Carbon Erosion

scholarly journals Crop residue decomposition in Minnesota biochar amended plots

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 599-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Weyers ◽  
K. A. Spokas
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
First Order ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition ◽  
Charred Wood

Abstract. Impacts of biochar application at laboratory scales are routinely studied, but impacts of biochar application on decomposition of crop residues at field scales have not been widely addressed. The priming or hindrance of crop residue decomposition could have a cascading impact on soil processes, particularly those influencing nutrient availability. Our objectives were to evaluate biochar effects on field decomposition of crop residue, using plots that were amended with biochars made from different feedstocks and pyrolysis platforms prior to the start of this study. Litterbags containing wheat straw material were buried below the soil surface in a continuous-corn cropped field in plots that had received one of seven different biochar amendments or a non-charred wood pellet amendment 2.5 yr prior to start of this study. Litterbags were collected over the course of 14 weeks. Microbial biomass was assessed in treatment plots the previous fall. Though first-order decomposition rate constants were positively correlated to microbial biomass, neither parameter was statistically affected by biochar or wood-pellet treatments. The findings indicated only a residual of potentially positive and negative initial impacts of biochars on residue decomposition, which fit in line with established feedstock and pyrolysis influences. Though no significant impacts were observed with field-weathered biochars, effective soil management may yet have to account for repeat applications of biochar.

Effects of a single cycle of tillage on long-term no-till prairie soils

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
C D Baan ◽  
M C. J Grevers ◽  
J J Schoenau
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
No Till ◽  
Particulate Soil

A study was conducted to examine the effect of tillage on soil conditions and crop growth at three long-term (> 10 yr) no-till sites, one in each of the Brown, Black, and Gray soil zones of Saskatchewan. The four tillage treatments consisted of one cycle of tillage at three levels of intensity: spring cultivation only, fall + spring cultivation, and fall + spring + disc cultivation, all applied to no-till and also a no-till control. Total and particulate soil organic carbon, soil pH, and soil aggregation were not affected by the tillage operations. Tillage decreased the bulk density in the 5- to 10-cm soil depth, but did not affect soil water content (0-10 cm) or spring soil temperature (0-5 cm). Tillage decreased stratification of available phosphorus to some extent, but there appeared to be no associated effect on crop P uptake. Tillage did not effect crop production in any of the 3 yr following its imposition, except at one site where, in the first year, apparent tillage-induced nutrient immobilization resulted in lower yields. Overall, the imposition of one cycle of tillage on long-term no-till soils appears to have little effect on soil properties or crop growth.Key words: No-till, nutrient stratification, soil organic carbon, tillage

Decomposition of grain-corn residues (Zea mays L.): A litterbag study under three tillage systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Burgess ◽  
G. R. Mehuys ◽  
C. A. Madramootoo
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
No Till ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition ◽  
Residue Mass ◽  
Corn Residues

This study was undertaken to obtain litterbag decomposition data for grain-corn residues in eastern Canadian conditions, to determine tillage and/or depth effects on residue mass loss, and to compare decomposition patterns for the different plant parts that constitute the residue (cobs, stems, leaves, husks). Mesh bags containing residues were buried or left on the soil surface in grain-corn plots under no-till, reduced tillage, and conventional tillage, and retrieved over a 2-yr period. Data were obtained separately for each plant part, then used to calculate pooled totals for all residues combined, for all residues except cobs, or for stems and leaves only, to facilitate comparison with studies based on different residue mixes. Buried residues lost mass faster than surface residues. Despite low overwinter temperatures, residue mass decreased substantially between placement in November and first sampling in mid- May. Surface litterbag residues lost 20% of initial mass during this period, residues buried at 5 cm lost 33%, and those at 20 cm lost 41%. Corresponding losses from mid-May to mid-October were 21, 42 and 32%, respectively. Mass loss was fastest for buried leaves, husks and stems (89-98% loss in 2 yr) and slowest for surface cobs (32% loss in 2 yr). Key words: Corn, maize, crop residue decomposition, litterbag, no-till, tillage

Cover crop residue decomposition in no-till cropping systems: Insights from multi-state on-farm litter bag studies

2022 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 107823
Author(s):  
Resham Thapa ◽  
Katherine L. Tully ◽  
Chris Reberg-Horton ◽  
Miguel Cabrera ◽  
Brian W. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Residue Decomposition ◽  
No Till ◽  
Crop Residue Decomposition ◽  
On Farm

Long-term (47 yr) effects of tillage and frequency of summerfallow on soil organic carbon in a Dark Brown Chernozem soil in western Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elwin G. Smith ◽  
H. Henry Janzen ◽  
Lauren Scherloski ◽  
Francis J. Larney ◽  
Benjamin H. Ellert
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
No Till ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Annual Changes

After 47 yr of no-till and reduced summerfallow at Lethbridge, Alberta, soil organic carbon concentration and stocks increased 2.14 g kg−1 and 2.22 Mg ha−1, respectively, in the surface 7.5 cm layer. These findings confirmed the conservation value of reducing tillage and summerfallow. The annual changes were relatively small.

Mechanisms of soil organic carbon stability and its response to no‐till: A global synthesis and perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng‐Rong Kan ◽  
Wen‐Xuan Liu ◽  
Wen‐Sheng Liu ◽  
Rattan Lal ◽  
Yash Pal Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Stability
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