Soil CO2 emission as related to incorporation of sugarcane crop residues and aggregate breaking after rotary tiller

Soil tillage is a process that accelerates soil organic matter decomposition transferring carbon to atmosphere, mainly in the CO2 form. In this study, the effect of rotary tillage on soil CO2 emission was investigated, including the presence of crop residues on the surface.Emissions were evaluated during 15 days after tillage in 3 plots: 1) non-tilled and without crop residues on soil surface (NTwo), 2) rotary tiller without the presence of crop residues on soil surface (RTwo), and 3) rotary tiller with the presence of crop residues in soil surface (RTw). Emissions from the RTw plot were higher than the other plots, (0.777 g CO2 m-2 h-1), with the lowest emissions recorded in the NTwo plot (0.414 g CO2 m-2 h-1). Total emission indicates that the difference of C-CO2 emitted to atmosphere corresponds to 3% of the total additional carbon in the crop residues in the RTw plot compared to RTwo. The increase in the RTwo emission in comparison to NTwo was followed by changes in the aggregate size distribution, especially those with average diameter lower than 2 mm. The increase in emission from the RTw plot in relation to RTwo was related to a decrease in crop residue mass on the surface, and its higher fragmentation and incorporation in soil. When the linear correlation between soil CO2 emission, and soil temperature and soil moisture is considered, only the RTw treatment showed significant correlation (p<0.05) with soil moisture.

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Warming Changed Soil Respiration Dynamics of Alpine Meadow Ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau

Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences ◽

10.30564/jees.v1i2.511 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Junfeng Wang

Keyword(s):

Global Warming ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Soil Respiration ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Alpine Meadow ◽

The Tibetan Plateau ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Q10 Value ◽

Soil Co2 Emission

Alpine meadow system underlain by permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau contains vast soil organic carbon and is sensitive to global warming. However, the dynamics of annual soil respiration (Rs) under long-term warming and the determined factors are still not very clear. Using open-top chambers (OTC), we assessed the effects of two-year experimental warming on the soil CO2 emission and the Q10 value (temperature sensitivity coefficient) under different warming magnitudes. Our study showed that the soil CO2 efflux rate in the warmed plots were 1.22 and 2.32 times higher compared to that of controlled plots. However, the Q10 value decreased by 45.06% and 50.34% respectively as the warming magnitude increased. These results suggested that soil moisture decreasing under global warming would enhance soil CO2 emission and lower the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration rate of the alpine meadow ecosystem in the permafrost region on the Tibetan Plateau. Thus, it is necessary to take into account the combined effect of ground surface warming and soil moisture decrease on the Rs in order to comprehensively evaluate the carbon emissions of the alpine meadow ecosystem, especially in short and medium terms.

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Effect of crustose lichen (<i>Ochrolecia frigida</i>) on soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a sphagnum moss community over western Alaska tundra

10.5194/bg-2019-121 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yongwon Kim ◽

Sang-Jong Park ◽

Bang-Yong Lee

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Growing Season ◽

Soil Co2 Efflux ◽

Sphagnum Moss ◽

Co2 Efflux ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Soil Co2 Emission ◽

Crustose Lichen ◽

Moss Community

Abstract. Soil CO2 efflux-measurements represent an important component for estimating an annual carbon budget in response to changes in increasing air temperature, degradation of permafrost, and snow-covered extents in the Subarctic and Arctic. However, it is not widely known what is the effect of curstose lichen (Ochrolecia frigida) infected sphagnum moss on soil CO2 emission, despite the significant ecological function of sphagnum, and how lichen gradually causes the withering to death of intact sphagnum moss. Here, continuous soil CO2 efflux measurements by a forced diffusion (FD) chamber were investigated for intact and crustose lichen sphagnum moss covering over a tundra ecosystem of western Alaska during the growing seasons of 2015 and 2016. We found that CO2 efflux in crustose lichen during the growing season of 2016 was 14 % higher than in healthy sphagnum moss community, suggesting that temperature and soil moisture are invaluable drivers for stimulating soil CO2 efflux, regardless of the restraining functions of soil moisture over emitting soil carbon. Soil moisture does not influence soil CO2 emission in crustose lichen, reflecting a limit of ecological and thermal functions relative to intact sphagnum moss. During the growing season of 2015, there is no significant difference between soil CO2 effluxes in intact and crustose lichen sphagnum moss patches, based on a one-way ANOVA at the 95 % confidence level (p

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The Influence of Soil Use on the Intensity of Soil CO2 Emission in the Conditions of Moderately Arid and Forest-Outlier Steppe of the Altai Krai

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/670/1/012055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 670 (1) ◽

pp. 012055

Author(s):

G G Morkovkin ◽

A S Strebkova ◽

N B Maximova

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Soil Co2 Emission

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Short-term precipitation pulses stimulate soil CO2 emission but do not alter CH4 and N2O fluxes in a northern hardwood forest

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.11.021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 130 ◽

pp. 8-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Xiangyin Ni ◽

Shu Liao ◽

Fuzhong Wu ◽

Peter M. Groffman

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Hardwood Forest ◽

Northern Hardwood Forest ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Short Term ◽

Northern Hardwood ◽

Soil Co2 Emission ◽

N2o Fluxes ◽

Ch4 And N2o ◽

Precipitation Pulses

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Carbon dioxide efflux in a rhodic hapludox as affected by tillage systems in southern Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832009000200010 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 325-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Luis Fernando Chavez ◽

Telmo Jorge Carneiro Amado ◽

Cimélio Bayer ◽

Newton Junior La Scala ◽

Luisa Fernanda Escobar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Pore Space ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Static System ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Tillage Systems ◽

Dynamic Chamber

Agricultural soils can act as a source or sink of atmospheric C, according to the soil management. This long-term experiment (22 years) was evaluated during 30 days in autumn, to quantify the effect of tillage systems (conventional tillage-CT and no-till-NT) on the soil CO2-C flux in a Rhodic Hapludox in Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil. A closed-dynamic system (Flux Chamber 6400-09, Licor) and a static system (alkali absorption) were used to measure soil CO2-C flux immediately after soybean harvest. Soil temperature and soil moisture were measured simultaneously with CO2-C flux, by Licor-6400 soil temperature probe and manual TDR, respectively. During the entire month, a CO2-C emission of less than 30 % of the C input through soybean crop residues was estimated. In the mean of a 30 day period, the CO2-C flux in NT soil was similar to CT, independent of the chamber type used for measurements. Differences in tillage systems with dynamic chamber were verified only in short term (daily evaluation), where NT had higher CO2-C flux than CT at the beginning of the evaluation period and lower flux at the end. The dynamic chamber was more efficient than the static chamber in capturing variations in CO2-C flux as a function of abiotic factors. In this chamber, the soil temperature and the water-filled pore space (WFPS), in the NT soil, explained 83 and 62 % of CO2-C flux, respectively. The Q10 factor, which evaluates CO2-C flux dependence on soil temperature, was estimated as 3.93, suggesting a high sensitivity of the biological activity to changes in soil temperature during fall season. The CO2-C flux measured in a closed dynamic chamber was correlated with the static alkali adsorption chamber only in the NT system, although the values were underestimated in comparison to the other, particularly in the case of high flux values. At low soil temperature and WFPS conditions, soil tillage caused a limited increase in soil CO2-C flux.

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Spatial variability of soil CO2 emission in a sugarcane area characterized by secondary information

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162013000300008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 195-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Daniel De Bortoli Teixeira ◽

Elton da Silva Bicalho ◽

Alan Rodrigo Panosso ◽

Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri ◽

Gener Tadeu Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Soil Co2 Emission ◽

Secondary Information

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Organic mulching, irrigation and fertilization affect soil CO2 emission and C storage in tomato crop in the Mediterranean environment

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/j.still.2015.04.001 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 39-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Roberto Mancinelli ◽

Sara Marinari ◽

Paola Brunetti ◽

Emanuele Radicetti ◽

Enio Campiglia

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Mediterranean Environment ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Soil Co2 Emission ◽

C Storage ◽

The Mediterranean

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Modelling microbial kinetics and thermodynamic processes for quantifying soil CO2 emission

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.04.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 209 ◽

pp. 125-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Soumendra N. Bhanja ◽

Junye Wang ◽

Narayan K. Shrestha ◽

Xiaokun Zhang

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emission ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Microbial Kinetics ◽

Soil Co2 Emission ◽

Thermodynamic Processes ◽

Kinetics And Thermodynamic

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Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Soil CO2 Emission Depends on Crop Rotation Strategy

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12135271 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (13) ◽

pp. 5271

Author(s):

Dejie Kong ◽

Nana Liu ◽

Chengjie Ren ◽

Huiying Li ◽

Weiyu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Management Practices ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Emission Rates ◽

Fertilizer Management ◽

Soil Co2 ◽

Soil Co2 Emission ◽

The Impact ◽

Rotation Strategy

Developing environmentally friendly and sustainable nitrogen (N) fertilizer management strategies is crucial in mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from soil. How N fertilizer management practices influence soil CO2 emission rates under different crop rotations remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the impact on soil CO2 emission and soil physicochemical properties of three N fertilizer treatments including traditional rate (TF), optimized rate (0.8TF), and no fertilizer (NF) under three different crop rotation treatments: wheat-fallow (WF), wheat-soybean (WS), and wheat-maize (WM) over two years in a field experiment in northwest China. The rates were 5.51, 5.60, and 5.97 μmol·m−2·s−1 of mean soil CO2 emission under the TF, 0.8TF, and NF treatments, respectively. Mean soil CO2 emission rates were 21.33 and 26.99% higher under the WM rotation compared with the WF and WS rotations, respectively. The WS rotation showed higher soil nutrient content and lower soil CO2 emissions, and reduced fertilizer application. Importantly, soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration in the topsoil can be maximized by including either a summer legume or a summer maize crop in winter wheat rotations, and by applying N fertilizer at the optimal rate. This may be particularly beneficial in the dryland cropping systems of northern China.

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