scholarly journals Warming Changed Soil Respiration Dynamics of Alpine Meadow Ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Q10 Value ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission

Alpine meadow system underlain by permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau contains vast soil organic carbon and is sensitive to global warming. However, the dynamics of annual soil respiration (Rs) under long-term warming and the determined factors are still not very clear. Using open-top chambers (OTC), we assessed the effects of two-year experimental warming on the soil CO2 emission and the Q10 value (temperature sensitivity coefficient) under different warming magnitudes. Our study showed that the soil CO2 efflux rate in the warmed plots were 1.22 and 2.32 times higher compared to that of controlled plots. However, the Q10 value decreased by 45.06% and 50.34% respectively as the warming magnitude increased. These results suggested that soil moisture decreasing under global warming would enhance soil CO2 emission and lower the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration rate of the alpine meadow ecosystem in the permafrost region on the Tibetan Plateau. Thus, it is necessary to take into account the combined effect of ground surface warming and soil moisture decrease on the Rs in order to comprehensively evaluate the carbon emissions of the alpine meadow ecosystem, especially in short and medium terms.

Grazing exclusion increases soil CO2 emission during the growing season in alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau

2018 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Guo ◽  
Aidong Wang ◽  
A. Allan Degen ◽  
Bin Deng ◽  
Zhanhuan Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
Grazing Exclusion ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilizer regulates soil respiration by altering the organic carbon storage in root and topsoil in alpine meadow of the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Jinlan Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Li ◽  
Shilin Wang ◽  
Wenhui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Storage ◽  
The North ◽  
C Storage ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
C And N

Abstract Soil respiration (Rs) plays a critical role in the global carbon (C) balance, especially in the context of globally increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. However, how N-addition influences C cycle remains unclear. Here, we applied seven levels of N application (0 (N0), 54 (N1), 90 (N2), 126 (N3), 144 (N4), 180 (N5) and 216 kg N ha−1 yr−1 (N6)) to quantify their impacts on Rs and its components (autotrophic respiration (Ra) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh)) and C and N storage in vegetation and soil in alpine meadow on the northeast margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. We used a structural equation model (SEM) to explore the relative contributions of C and N storage, soil temperature and soil moisture and their direct and indirect pathways in regulating soil respiration. Our results revealed that the Rs, Ra and Rh, C and N storage in plant, root and soil (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm) all showed initial increases and then tended to decrease at the threshold level of 180 kg N ha−1 yr−1. The SEM results indicated that soil temperature had a greater impact on Rs than did volumetric soil moisture. Moreover, SEM also showed that C storage (in root, 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers) was the most important factor driving Rs. Furthermore, multiple linear regression model showed that the combined root C storage, 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm soil layer C storage explained 97.4–97.6% variations in Rs; explained 94.5–96% variations in Ra; and explained 96.3–98.1% in Rh. Therefore, the growing season soil respiration and its components can be well predicted by the organic C storage in root and topsoil in alpine meadow of the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our study reveals the importance of topsoil and root C storage in driving growing season Rs in alpine meadow on the northeast margin of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Effects of a clear-cut harvest on soil respiration in a jack pine - lichen woodland

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Striegl ◽  
Kimberly P Wickland
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Ecosystem Respiration ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Tree Roots ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission

Quantification of the components of ecosystem respiration is essential to understanding carbon (C) cycling of natural and disturbed landscapes. Soil respiration, which includes autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration from throughout the soil profile, is the second largest flux in the global carbon cycle. We measured soil respiration (soil CO2 emission) at an undisturbed mature jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) stand in Saskatchewan (old jack pine, OJP), and at a formerly continuous portion of the stand that was clear-cut during the previous winter (clear-cut, CC). Tree harvesting reduced soil CO2 emission from ~22.5 to ~9.1 mol CO2 cdot m-2 for the 1994 growing season. OJP was a small net sink of atmospheric CO2, while CC was a net source of CO2. Winter emissions were similar at both sites. Reduction of soil respiration was attributed to disruption of the soil surface and to the death of tree roots. Flux simulations for CC and OJP identify 40% of CO2 emission at the undisturbed OJP site as near-surface respiration, 25% as deep-soil respiration, and 35% as tree-root respiration. The near-surface component was larger than the estimated annual C input to soil, suggesting fast C turnover and no net C accumulation in these boreal uplands in 1994.

Grazing intensity alters soil respiration in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangmin Cao ◽  
Yanhong Tang ◽  
Wenhong Mo ◽  
Yuesi Wang ◽  
Yingnian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau

Seasonal variations in soil respiration and temperature sensitivity under three land-use types in hilly areas of the Sichuan Basin

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 727 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoGuo Wang ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
MeiRong Gao ◽  
YanQiang Wang ◽  
XunHua Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Q10 Value ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
The Relationship

CO2 emissions from soils were measured under 3 land-use types at the adjacent plots of forest plantation, grassland, and cropland from January 2005 to December 2006. Mean soil CO2 efflux rates measured during the 2-year study varied from 59 to 527 mg CO2/m2.h in forest plantation, 37 to 498 mg CO2/m2.h in grassland, and 32 to 397 mg CO2/m2.h in cropland. Soil respiration in the 3 types of land-use showed a similar seasonal pattern in variation during both years, in which the single-peaked curve occurred in early summer and the minimum in winter. In particular, the date of maximum soil CO2 efflux rate in cropland occurred about 30 days earlier than in forest and grassland in both 2005 and 2006. The relationship of soil respiration rate (R) with soil temperature (T ) and soil moisture (W ) fitted well to the equation R = β0eβ1TW β2 (a, b, c were constants) than other univariate models which consider soil water content or soil temperature alone. Soil temperature and soil moisture together explained 69–92% of the temporal variation in soil respiration in the 3 land-use types. Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q10) was affected positively by soil moisture of top 0.1 m layer and negatively by soil temperature at 0.05 m depth. The relationship between Q10 values and soil temperature (T ) or soil moisture (W ) indicated that a 1°C increase in soil temperature at 0.05 m depth will reduce the Q10 value by 0.07, 0.05, and 0.06 in forest, grassland, and cropland, respectively. Similarly, a 1% decrease in soil moisture of the top 0.1 m layer will reduce the Q10 value by 0.10, 0.09, and 0.11 in forest, grassland, and cropland.

scholarly journals Climatic patterns modulate ecosystem and soil respiration responses to fertilization in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Jiang ◽  
Peili Shi ◽  
Ning Zong ◽  
Gang Fu ◽  
Zhenxi Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau

scholarly journals Effect of Fungus-Growing Termite on Soil CO2 Emission at Termitaria Scale in Dry Evergreen Forest, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Warin Boonriam ◽  
◽  
Pongthep Suwanwaree ◽  
Sasitorn Hasin ◽  
Phuvasa Chanonmuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Macrotermes Carbonarius

Termites are one of the major contributors to high spatial variability in soil respiration. Although epigeal termite mounds are considered as a point of high CO2 effluxes, the patterns of mound CO2 effluxes are different, especially the mound of fungus-growing termites in a tropical forest. This study quantified the effects of a fungus-growing termite (Macrotermes carbonarius) associated with soil CO2 emission by considering their nesting pattern in dry evergreen forest, Thailand. A total of six mounds of M. carbonarius were measured for CO2 efflux rates on their mounds and surrounding soils in dry and wet seasons. Also, measurement points were investigated for the active underground passages at the top 10% of among efflux rates. The mean rate of CO2 emission from termitaria of M. carbonarius was 7.66 µmol CO2/m2/s, consisting of 2.94 and 9.11 µmol CO2/m2/s from their above mound and underground passages (the rate reached up to 50.00 µmol CO2/m2/s), respectively. While the CO2 emission rate from the surrounding soil alone was 6.86 µmol CO2/m2/s. The results showed that the termitaria of M. carbonarius contributed 8.4% to soil respiration at the termitaria scale. The study suggests that fungus-growing termites cause a local and strong variation in soil respiration through underground passages radiating out from the mounds in dry evergreen forest.

scholarly journals Weak Effects of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilization on Switchgrass Photosynthesis, Biomass, and Soil Respiration

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafeng Hui ◽  
Chih-Li Yu ◽  
Qi Deng ◽  
Priya Saini ◽  
Kenya Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission ◽  
Leaf Transpiration ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Reduced Water ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer plus biochar may increase crop yield, but how biochar will interact with N fertilization to affect bioenergy crop switchgrass physiology, biomass, and soil CO2 emission (i.e., soil respiration) from switchgrass fields remains unclear. Here, we assessed this issue by conducting a field experiment near Nashville TN with two levels of biochar treatment (a control without biochar addition and biochar addition of 9 Mg ha−1), and four N fertilization levels (0 kg N ha−1, 17 kg N ha−1, 34 kg N ha−1, and 67 kg N ha−1, labeled as ON, LN, MN, and HN, respectively). Results showed that both biochar addition and N fertilization did not influence switchgrass leaf photosynthesis and biomass, but biochar addition enhanced leaf transpiration, and reduced water use efficiency. Soil respiration was reduced by biochar addition, but significantly enhanced by N fertilization. Biochar and N fertilization interactively influenced soil respiration and seasonal variation of soil respiration was mostly controlled by soil temperature. Our results indicated that switchgrass can maintain high productivity without much N input, at least for several years. The findings from this study are useful to optimize N fertilization and biochar addition in the switchgrass fields for maintaining relatively high productive switchgrass biomass while reducing soil CO2 emission.

Sustained increase in soil respiration after nine years of warming in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau

Geoderma ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 379 ◽  
pp. 114641
Author(s):  
Fei Peng ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Chengyang Li ◽  
Chimin Lai ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Sustained Increase

scholarly journals Uncertainties in the prediction of spatial variability of soil CO2 emissions and related properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1466-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel De Bortoli Teixeira ◽  
Elton da Silva Bicalho ◽  
Alan Rodrigo Panosso ◽  
Luciano Ito Perillo ◽  
Juliano Luciani Iamaguti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Soil Co2 Emission

The soil CO2 emission has high spatial variability because it depends strongly on soil properties. The purpose of this study was to (i) characterize the spatial variability of soil respiration and related properties, (ii) evaluate the accuracy of results of the ordinary kriging method and sequential Gaussian simulation, and (iii) evaluate the uncertainty in predicting the spatial variability of soil CO2 emission and other properties using sequential Gaussian simulations. The study was conducted in a sugarcane area, using a regular sampling grid with 141 points, where soil CO2 emission, soil temperature, air-filled pore space, soil organic matter and soil bulk density were evaluated. All variables showed spatial dependence structure. The soil CO2 emission was positively correlated with organic matter (r = 0.25, p < 0.05) and air-filled pore space (r = 0.27, p < 0.01) and negatively with soil bulk density (r = -0.41, p < 0.01). However, when the estimated spatial values were considered, the air-filled pore space was the variable mainly responsible for the spatial characteristics of soil respiration, with a correlation of 0.26 (p < 0.01). For all variables, individual simulations represented the cumulative distribution functions and variograms better than ordinary kriging and E-type estimates. The greatest uncertainties in predicting soil CO2 emission were associated with areas with the highest estimated values, which produced estimates from 0.18 to 1.85 t CO2 ha-1, according to the different scenarios considered. The knowledge of the uncertainties generated by the different scenarios can be used in inventories of greenhouse gases, to provide conservative estimates of the potential emission of these gases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document