Combining ability of inbred lines of maize and stability of their respective single-crosses

The utilization of diallel crosses for identification of superior combinations is a common practice in maize (Zea mays L.) breeding programs. This methodology allows the estimation of the combining ability of genotypes being evaluated. In this work, five inbred lines were evaluated as to their general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities, by using a complete diallel scheme. The single-crosses produced between these inbred lines were evaluated in seven environments, along with two checks, by using a randomized complete block design. Traits analized were: grain yield, plant height, ear height, ear placement, and prolificacy. A diallel analysis was carried out, following an adaptation of Griffing's method IV, in addition to hybrid stability and adaptability analyses. Significant differences were detected for entries and environments for all traits. The interaction genotype vs. environment was significant for all traits. GCA's were significant for all traits, while SCA's were non-significant only for ear placement. For grain yield, both additive (GCA) and non-additive (SCA) effects were important, while for the remaining traits additive effects were more important. The high yielding single-cross was obtained from the cross of lines L-08-05F and L-38-05D. Those inbred lines showed higher GCA's and their cross also had high SCA; also, it is responsive to environment improvements and reasonably stable. The second in rank high yielding single-cross, L-46-10D x L-08-05F, showed wide adaptability and stability.

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Short communication: Heterosis and combining ability of Nepalese yellow maize (Zea mays L.)

Agronomy Journal of Nepal ◽

10.3126/ajn.v3i0.9020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 172-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SR Gautam ◽

BR Ojha ◽

SK Ghimire ◽

DB Gurung

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Short Communication ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Winter Season ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

High Magnitude ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design

Nepalese yellow maize inbred lines were characterized for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of their crosses and parents were identified having high combining ability for determining the heterotic effects on yield and other quantitative traits of hybrids. A line x tester mating design was used for making the crosses in the winter season of 2008 and the hybrids along with their parents and four checks were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in the spring season of 2009 at the experimental farm of the National Maize Research Program, Chitwan. Significant variations were found among the treatments for grain yield and other traits which indicated presence of high magnitude of genetic variations among tested inbred lines. The cross between RML-32 and RML-17 produced the highest grain yield (15870 kg/ha) among the crosses. Hybrids such as RL-194 x RL-84 (10770 kg/ha), RML-21 x RML-17 (9270 kg/ha), RL-180 x RML-17 (9270 kg/ha) and L-1 x RL-84 (8785 kg/ha) were found superior grain yielder. Thirty-nine hybrids showed positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield among 40 crosses. The highest positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield was found 880% in cross between RML-32 and RML-17, followed by RL-98X RML-17 (507%), RL-103 x RML-17 (403%), PUTU-18 x RML- 17 (351%) and RL-180 x RL 84 (316%). Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 3. 2013, Page 172-180 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v3i0.9020

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Study of Combining Ability and Nature of Gene Action for Yield and Yield Related Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v33i230052 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Birender Singh ◽

Abhinav Abhishek ◽

R. B. P. Nirala ◽

S. S. Mandal ◽

Tushar Ranjan

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Gene Action ◽

Block Design ◽

Diallel Mating Design ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Additive Gene ◽

Ear Height ◽

The Mean ◽

Half Diallel

The present investigation was carried out using thirty eight genotypes (eight parents, twenty eight F1's and two checks) using Griffing's half diallel mating design. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications during kharif 2017 at the research farm of Bihar Agriculture College, Sabour. Observations were recorded for six pre-harvest characters viz days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, anthesis silking interval, days to 75% brown husk, plant height, ear height and seven post-harvest characters viz cob length, cob diameter, number of kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per row, 1000 seed weight, shelling percentage and grain yield at 15% moisture. The mean sum of square of treatments was found to be significant for days to 75% brown husk and shelling per cent and highly significant for all other characters. The mean sum of square for GCA was found to be significant for cob length, no. of kernel row per cob, no. of kernels per row and highly significant for remaining all the characters except days to 75% brown husk and shelling%. The mean sum of square for SCA was significant for days to 75% brown husk and highly significant for all the remaining characters. On the basis of GCA effect for grain yield at 15% moisture, the parents BML-7, VQL-1 and SML-1 were found to be good general combiners. The ratio of GCA variance to SCA variance was found to be less than 1 for all the traits which indicated the preponderance of non-additive gene action. On the basis of SCA effects better performing crosses for grain yield at 15% moisture were DTPYC-9 × LM-13, CLQRCY-44 × VQL-1, CML-161 × SML-1 and CML-161× BML-7.

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Combining Ability and Heterosis in Diallel Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) Lines

International Annals of Science ◽

10.21467/ias.9.1.188-200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 188-200

Author(s):

Francis Chukwuma Onejeme ◽

Emmanuel Ogbonna Okporie ◽

Chinedu Emmanuel Eze

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Block Design ◽

Diallel Analysis ◽

Diallel Cross ◽

Maize Breeding ◽

Ear Height ◽

Check Variety ◽

Additive Genetic Effects ◽

Positive Heterosis

A sound breeding program for maize improvement is very important to meet the demands of the growing population. Therefore, combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 4 x 4 full diallel cross in maize for growth attributes, yield and its contributing traits. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates was used to study the general combining ability of parents, specific combining ability of F1s (including reciprocals) and heterosis of the F1s over commercial check variety on selected agronomic characters. Genotype was highly significant for all the traits studied. The combining abilities (GCA and SCA) and reciprocal mean squares were highly significant for most studied characters. The ratio of GCA/SCA was not less than unity for studied traits excepted for days to anthesis and ear height. The results indicated that the additive genetic effects were more important and played major role in studied traits. Thus, results revealed GCA effects for the parental lines (PL). Where ‘PL2’ was excellent combiner for number of tassels and cob circumference and ‘PL3’ was good combiner for days to silking and grain yield (t.h-1). While ‘PL4’ for short height. Majority of the F1s from the GCA effects showed high SCA effects. This F1 (PL2 x PL3) performed best amongst. However, several reciprocals were not desirable. Heterosis estimation was carried out using a commercial check, Oba super II. When commercial check was used, the percent heterosis especially on grain yield varied from -8.89 to 22.62%. Among the twelve F1s, nine of the crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for grain yield (t.h-1). Those F1s that showed significant positive and/or negative desirable traits for SCA effects and significant positive heterosis could be used for varietal development in maize breeding. And conservation of those parents that exhibited high GCA effects be considered as well.

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Nuevos híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.) para el bajio y trópico seco mexicano: líneas recobradas por selección gamética.

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/am.v7i1.24789 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Cristina Vega ◽

Gustavo Burciaga ◽

Jesús Arreola ◽

Enrique Navarro ◽

José L. Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Agronomic Quality ◽

Gamete Selection

The aim of this study was to improve the agronomic quality of the tropical lines AN1 and AN2 which have good combining ability; besides their germoplasm is part of a large number of commercial hybrids generated by the Instituto Mexicano del Maíz “Dr. Mario E. Castro Gil”. Eto Blancoand Blanco Dentado 2 were used as a source of gametes and crossed with AN1 and AN2, respectively. This study included recovered lines with different level of inbreeding, five dwarf single crosses and the original lines AN1 and AN2 which were used as testers. A randomized complete block design was used with two replications in each of the three locations during 1989-1990. The objectives were: 1. to select recovered lines on the bases of their combining ability and agronomic traits to generate new hybrids. 2. To determine the effectiveness of the diverse testers. The results showed that gamete selection was efficient in improving AN1 and AN2 lines for most of the traits evaluated such as grain yield, percent of fussarium on ears, except for percent of husk coverage. That recovered lines of AN1 were superior to those of AN2 lines for grain yield. A total of fifteen lines of AN1 and 7 lines of AN2 were identified using gamete selection.

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POTENCIAL DE LINHAGENS ORIUNDAS DE POPULAÇÕES DE MILHO BRAQUÍTICO PARA OBTENÇÃO DE HÍBRIDOS

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n1p120-130 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

BELISA CRISTINA SAITO ◽

JOÃO ANTÔNIO DA COSTA ANDRADE

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

General Combining Ability ◽

Maize Populations ◽

Single Cross ◽

Ear Height ◽

Stalk Lodging ◽

Partial Diallel ◽

Single Cross Hybrids

RESUMO - O objetivo do trabalho foi a identificar linhagens com alta capacidade de combinação visando o desenvolvimento de híbridos simples adaptados à condição de elevada densidade populacional de plantas. Treze linhagens originadas de duas populações de milho braquítico foram cruzadas seguindo o esquema de dialelo parcial (6x7). Os híbridos simples foram avaliados em duas safras (primeira e segunda safras). Os efeitos da interação entre as capacidades gerais de combinação (CGC) e safras foram diferentes para rendimento de grãos apenas para linhagens Isanão-VD1, enquanto que para a altura de plantas, altura de espigas e acamamento mais quebramento os efeitos da interação CGCs x safras foram diferentes para ambos os grupos de linhagens. Levando em consideração apenas o rendimento de grãos, os melhores híbridos são esperados entre as linhagens IVF1-5 e IVF1-10 da população Isanão VF1 e IVD1-1 e IVD1-2 da população Isanão-VD1. Considerando-se todos os caracteres, as linhagens promissoras para a primeira safra são IVF1-6, IVD1-1 e IVD1-5, e para a segunda safra as linhagens são IVF1-10, IVD1-8 e IVD1-9. Os híbridos mais adequados são IVF1-10 x IVD1-5 para primeira safra e IVF1-10 x IVD1-8 e IVF1-10 xIVD1-9 para a segunda.Palavras-chave: dialelo parcial, capacidade geral de combinação, capacidade específica de combinação.POTENTIAL OF INBRED LINES DERIVED FROM BRACHYTIC MAIZE POPULATIONS FOR OBTAINING HYBRIDSABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to identify parents with high combining ability aiming at the development of outstanding hybrids. Thirteen inbred lines originated of two brachytic maize populations were crossed following the partial diallel (6x7) scheme. The single-cross hybrids were evaluated in two crop seasons (regular crop and second crop). The effects of interaction general combining abilities (GCAs) x seasons were different for yield only for lines of Isanão-VD-1, while for plant height, ear height and stalk lodging and breaking, the effects of interaction GCAs x seasons were different for both groups of lines. Taking into account only the grain yield, the best hybrids are expected between the inbred lines IVF1-5, and IVF1-10, of the population Isanão-VF1 and IVD1-1 and IVD1-2 and IVD1-5 of the population Isanão-VD1. Considering all the traits, the inbred lines promising for the first crop are IVF1-6, IVD1-1 and IVD1-5 and for the second crop are the inbred lines IVF1-10, IVD1-8 and IVD1-9. The most suitable hybrids are IVF1-10 x IVD1-5 for the first crop and IVF1-10 x IVD1-8, and IVF1-10 xIVD1-9 for second crop.Keywords: partial diallel, general combining ability, specific combining ability.

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Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582010000100010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 77-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P.S.L. Silva ◽

K.M.B. Silva ◽

P.I.B. Silva ◽

V.R. Oliveira ◽

J.L.B. Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Modern Agriculture ◽

Maize Cultivars ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Ear Height ◽

Herbicide Use ◽

Ground Part

The reduction in herbicide use is one of the greatest interests for modern agriculture and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including the adoption of cultivars that suppress weeds. The objective of this study was to verify if maize cultivars develop differently, in competition with weeds, to produce green ears and grain. Randomized complete block design was used, with split-plots and five replications. Cultivars DKB 390, DKB 466, DKB 350, AG 7000, AG 7575 and Master, were evaluated in the plots, without weeding and two weedings (at 22 and 41 days after sowing) in sub plots. Twenty-one species were identified in the experimental area, the most frequent being Gramineae (Poaceae), Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and Convolvulaceae species. There was no difference in the dry biomass above-ground part of the weeds in the plots of the evaluated cultivars. The cultivars behaved similarly in treatments with or without hoeing, except for plant height and ear height evaluations. Without hoeing, plant height increased in cultivar DKB 390, while plant height and ear height decreased in cultivar AG 7575. In the other cultivars, these traits did not change under weed control. The presence of weeds decreased the values of all traits employed to assess green corn yield, with the exception of the total number of green ears and grain yield.

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Tolerance to preharvest sprouting and yield of wheat genotypes from different breeding programs

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2015000800008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (8) ◽

pp. 698-706

Author(s):

Rafael Nörnberg ◽

José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽

Henrique de Souza Luche ◽

Elisane Weber Tessmann ◽

Sydney Antonio Frehner Kavalco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Preharvest Sprouting ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Falling Number ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Superior Genotypes ◽

Selection Of

Abstract:The objective of this work was to characterize the performance of elite wheat genotypes from different Brazilian breeding programs for traits associated with grain yield and preharvest sprouting. The study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in the municipality of Capão do Leão, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty-three wheat genotypes were evaluated for traits related to preharvest sprouting and grain yield. The estimate of genetic distance was used to predict potential combinations for selection of plants with high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting. The combined analysis of sprouted grains and falling number shows that the TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino, and BRS Guamirim genotypes are tolerant to preharvest sprouting. Combinations of TBIO Alvorada and TBIO Mestre with Fundacep Cristalino show high potential for recovering superior genotypes for high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting.

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Evaluation of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) through line × tester method

Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 675-683

Author(s):

MN Amin ◽

M Amiruzzaman ◽

A Ahmed ◽

MR Ali

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Gene Action ◽

Inbred Lines ◽

General Combining Ability ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Mean Values ◽

Wide Range

Maize inbred lines were evaluated by using line × tester method involving 11 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components through estimation of general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The crosses with high sca effect for grain yield were evolved from high × low general combiner parents which reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations 9MS4-1 × L22, 9MS4-1 × L486, 9MS4-2 × L431, 9MS4-11 × L486 and 9MS4- 15 × L431 with high positive sca effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 675-683, December 2014

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ARRANJO POPULACIONAL PARA A VARIEDADE UENF-14 DE MILHO PIPOCA

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n3p401-413 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 401

Author(s):

CÁSSIO VITORAZZI ◽

ANTONIO TEIXEIRA AMARAL JÚNIOR ◽

LILIAM SILVIA CANDIDO ◽

ISMAEL LOURENÇO DE JESUS FREITAS ◽

THIAGO RODRIGUES DA CONCEIÇÃO SILVA

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Grain Production ◽

Maize Population ◽

The North ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Janeiro State

RESUMO - A adequação do arranjo populacional está entre as técnicas que podem maximizar a produtividade da cultura do milho. Daí a importância das pesquisas que buscam estudar o desempenho de cultivares de milho e milhos especiais, a fim de determinar o arranjo de plantas ideal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho da variedade UENF-14, de milho pipoca, cultivada em diferentes arranjos populacionais, na safra e safrinha, para otimizar a recomendação fitotécnica para os produtores rurais do Norte Fluminense. Foram instalados dois experimentos em Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ. Um na safrinha 2011 utilizando a variedade UENF-14 e o híbrido experimental P2 x P9, e o outro na safra 2011-2012, com a variedade UENF-14 e o híbrido comercial IAC-112. O delineamento experimental, nos dois experimentos, foi o de blocos casualizados arranjados em parcelas subsubdivididas, em que as parcelas foram compostas pelos genótipos, as subparcelas constituídas pelos espaçamentos entre linhas de semeadura (0,45, 0,60 e 0,90 m) e as subsubparcelas compostas pelas densidades de plantas (60.000, 75.000 e 90.000 plantas ha-1). A UENF-14 apresentou desempenho superior aos híbridos, demonstrando seu potencial para cultivo na região Norte Fluminense. Houve aumento do rendimento de grãos com a diminuição do espaçamento entre linhas de plantio. Para a variedade UENF-14, a redução do espaçamento entre linhas de plantio foi vantajosa para a produção de grãos, independentemente da época de semeadura.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., densidade de semeadura, espaçamento entre linhas, épocas de semeadura. POPULATION ARRANGEMENT FOR THE VARIETY OF POPCORN UENF-14 ABSTRACT - The adequacy of the maize population arrangement is among the most important techniques for obtaining higher yields. Therefore, many researchers have been conducting an attempt to study the performance of corn and specialty corn. The objective was to evaluate the performance of the popcorn variety UENF-14 in different population arrangements, in the harvest season and off-season. Two experiments were carried out in Campos dos Goytacazes, North of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in the off-season 2011, using the UENF-14 variety and the experimental hybrid P2 x P9, and in the season 2011-2012 using UENF-14 and the commercial hybrid IAC-112. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design with split plots, in which plots were composed by popcorn genotypes, the subplots consisting of three spacings between sowing lines (0.45, 0.60 and 0.90 m) and the subsubplots composed of three plants per hectare densities (60,000, 75,000 and 90,000 plants.ha-1). The variety UENF-14 presented higher performance than the hybrids, demonstrating its potential for recommendation to the North of Rio de Janeiro State. There was an increase of grain yield by reducing the spacing between the plants rows. The cultivation of the variety UENF-14 reducing the spacing between rows was advantageous for grain production, regardless of planting date.Keywords: Zea mays L., densities of plants, spacing between rows, sowing times.

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Yield Stability Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids Using Parametric and AMMI Methods

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2021/5576691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Seyed Habib Shojaei ◽

Khodadad Mostafavi ◽

Ali Omrani ◽

Saeed Omrani ◽

Seyed Mohammad Nasir Mousavi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

High Yield ◽

Stability Parameters ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Ammi Analysis ◽

The Stability

The present study investigated the stability and adaptability of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids. In this study, 12 maize hybrids were planted and examined considering the grain yield. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in four research stations in Iran during two crop years. The combined analysis of variance showed that genotype-environment interactions were significant at one percent probability level. The grain yield can stabilize, and hybrids with specific adaptability are recommended to each environment. Hybrids with specific adaptability can be recommended to all types of the environment. Means comparison yield of the genotypes identified DC370 as a high-yield genotype. Regarding AMMI analysis, genotype × environment interactions (GEIs) and two first components were found significant. The SC647 genotype was identified as the most stable genotype. Regarding the stability parameters, SC647 and KSC705 genotypes were selected as the most stable genotypes. From AMMI1 and AMMI2 graphs, the SC647 genotype was identified as the most stable genotype compared with other hybrids.

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