scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. strains for control of Cornitermes cumulans (Kollar)

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Neves ◽  
Sérgio Batista Alves
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Rice Medium ◽  
Selection Of

Fifty strains of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. were tested against the termite Cornitermes cumulans. In the first phase of the experiments, several bioassays were conducted and the five best strains were selected. The criterion for strain selection during this phase was the confirmed mortality above 50% five days after application of the fungus. Three M. anisopliae and two B. bassiana strains were the most virulent. The second phase of the experiments consisted of a bioassay and a conidial production test using a rice medium. The best M. anisopliae and B. bassiana strains were selected using both the confirmed insect mortality nine days after application of the fungus and the yield of conidia. Considering results from the bioassay, M. anisopliae 1037 showed the highest confirmed (57.8%) and total (89.2%) mortalities after nine days. Among the B. bassiana strains, 447 was the most virulent with confirmed and total mortalities of 45.9% and 89.8%, respectively. M. anisopliae 1037 had the highest conidial yield with mean of 3.37 x 10(12) conidia/kg of rice, followed by B. bassiana strain 447 with 2.66 x 10(12) conidia/kg of rice. The M. anisopliae strain 1037 was the highest virulent followed by B. bassiana strain 447. This strains showed the greatest potential as agents to be used in biological control programs against C. cumulans.

scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the control of the mite Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Soares Barreto ◽  
Edmilson Jacinto Marques ◽  
Manoel Guedes Corrêa Gondim Jr. ◽  
José Vargas de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mononychellus Tanajoa ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Green Mite ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Selection Of

The green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae), is considered to be one of the key pests in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crants, leading to considerable field losses. In this study, ten Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and ten Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. isolates were evaluated with regard to their potential as biological control agents against adult M. tanajoa females. The total mortality percentage of M. tanajoa caused by B. bassiana ranged from 13.0 to 97.0%, with confirmed mortality rates extending from 9.0 to 91.0% and LT50 varying from 4.2 to 17.0 days. The M. anisopliae isolates showed total mortality percentages ranging from 12.0 to 45.0% with confirmed mortality rates extending from 8.0 to 45.0%, and LT50 varying from 8.6 to 19.8 days. Lethal Concentrations (LC50) of 3.93 × 10(6) conidia mL-1 and 7.44 × 10(8) conidia mL-1 were determined for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, respectively. B. bassiana isolate 645 was the most efficient, being an alternative for use in biological control programs against the cassava green mite.

scholarly journals Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2365-2373 ◽  
Author(s):  
AYU SAFITRI ◽  
SITI HERLINDA ◽  
ARUM SETIAWAN
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Safitri A, Herlinda S, Setiawan A. 2018. Entomopathogenic fungi of soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands of South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 2365-2373. Ecosystems of lowlands and highlands in South Sumatra have specific characteristics of soils and vegetations that can affect the availability of entomopathogenic fungi. This study aimed to explore and identify species and to determine inoculum potentials of the entomopathogenic fungi from soils of freshwater swamps, tidal lowlands, peatlands, and highlands. Baiting of entomopathogenic fungi on soil samples used the larvae of Tenebrio molitor. The entomopathogenic fungi species found in this research were Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. The number of the fungal isolates were 30 isolates consisting of nine isolates of B. bassiana and 21 isolates of M. anisopliae.The highest number of isolates was found in the highland ecosystem (11 isolates) and the lowest was found in peatland ecosystem (4 isolates). The highest percentage average of inoculum potentials of the fungi was found in the high land ecosystem (4.04%) and the lowest one was found in freshwater swamps ecosystem (2.11%). Based on the vegetation type, the soil planted with mustard in Talang Patai-Pagaralam (highland ecosystem) had the highest inoculum potentials (9.33%). These fungi will make an important contribution to the biological control for insect pests in lowland to highland ecosystems in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae isolates for the control of Blissus antillus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ian Samuels ◽  
Déborah Lucienne Araújo Coracini
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Virulent Isolate ◽  
Pathogenicity Factor ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Selection Of

Chinch bugs of the genus Blissus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) are serious pests of maize, wheat, sorghum and various grasses. This study is the first to screen isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against 4th instar and adult Blissus antillus aiming to develop a biological control program for this important pasture pest. Ten fungal isolates were initially screened and three isolates were chosen for further investigation. To determine virulence, insects were inoculated by immersion in concentrations of 5 ´ 10(8) conidia mL-1. Mortality was evaluated for 10 days. B. bassiana ARSEF 792 was the most virulent isolate to both nymphs and adults, causing 53 and 78% infection, respectively, and values for LT50 of 7.8 and 5.0 days, respectively. Germination studies were carried out to confirm viability and determine speed of germination as a pathogenicity factor. The production of conidia on the cadavers of insects infected with the three selected isolates was determined. The production of conidia on rice media was also evaluated. B. bassiana CG 24 produced the highest number of conidia on insects cadavers (14.9 ´ 10(7) conidia per insect) and also on rice media (10.6 ´ 10(9) conidia per g).

scholarly journals External development of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in the subterranean termite Heterotermes tenuis

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcides Moino Jr. ◽  
Sérgio Batista Alves ◽  
Rogério Biaggioni Lopes ◽  
Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro Neves ◽  
Roberto Manoel Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Fixation Techniques ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
External Development

The subterranean termite Heterotermes tenuis is one of the main pests of sugarcane and eucalyptus in Brazil, and the use of entomopathogenic fungi, alone or associated to chemicals, is an efficient and environmentally favorable method for its control. Studies related to the fungal development on these insects are important due to the effect of insect behavior on entomopathogens. The objective of this work was to describe the external development of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on H. tenuis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), determining the duration of the different phases of fungal infection. Two fixation techniques for preparing SEM samples were also evaluated. Worker specimens of H. tenuis were inoculated with a 1 x 10(9) conidia mL-1 suspension of the fungi and maintained at 25±1ºC and 70±10% relative humidity. Insects were collected from 0 to 144 hours after inoculation and prepared on SEM stubs for each of the two fixation techniques. The results obtained with the two techniques were compared and duration of the different phases of the infection process were estimated from SEM observations and compared for three fungal isolates. B. bassiana and M. anisopliae have similar development cycles on the termite, but some important differences exist. The penetration, colonization and conidiogenesis phases are relatively faster for M. anisopliae than for B. bassiana, which results in a faster rate of insect mortality. The fixation technique with OsO4 vapor is suitable for preparation of insects to be used in SEM observation of the developmental stages of entomopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to entomopathogenic fungi isolated from poultry houses litter and nearby soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Popowska-Nowak ◽  
Dorota Tumialis ◽  
Elżbieta Pezowicz
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Alphitobius Diaperinus ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Lesser Mealworm ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus is present in great numbers in poultry houses. These insects are especially dangerous as a potential carriers of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. We explored the possibility of using local strains of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from litter and from soil to control lesser mealworm populations. Isolated fungi showed low pathogenicity to lesser mealworm beetles. Infection with a suspension at a concentration of 1 × 108 spores/ml resulted in only 4 Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato isolates showing the highest insect mortality in the range of 30–36%. Still lower pathogenicity was found in isolates of Beauveria bassiana, with only 4 isolates of B. bassiana causing a mortality of 17–26%. Isolates of Isaria fumosorosea and I. farinosa did not cause mortality in beetles that differed significantly from that in the control variant. The larvae were more susceptible to infection. Except for I. fumosorosea, all species caused 100% mortality in larvae. For further studies, the B. bassiana 3K isolate (from the litter) could be selected because of its high mortality (100%) and high larval infectivity (50% overgrown with mycelium).

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