scholarly journals Susceptibility of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to entomopathogenic fungi isolated from poultry houses litter and nearby soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Popowska-Nowak ◽  
Dorota Tumialis ◽  
Elżbieta Pezowicz
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Alphitobius Diaperinus ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Lesser Mealworm ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus is present in great numbers in poultry houses. These insects are especially dangerous as a potential carriers of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. We explored the possibility of using local strains of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from litter and from soil to control lesser mealworm populations. Isolated fungi showed low pathogenicity to lesser mealworm beetles. Infection with a suspension at a concentration of 1 × 108 spores/ml resulted in only 4 Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato isolates showing the highest insect mortality in the range of 30–36%. Still lower pathogenicity was found in isolates of Beauveria bassiana, with only 4 isolates of B. bassiana causing a mortality of 17–26%. Isolates of Isaria fumosorosea and I. farinosa did not cause mortality in beetles that differed significantly from that in the control variant. The larvae were more susceptible to infection. Except for I. fumosorosea, all species caused 100% mortality in larvae. For further studies, the B. bassiana 3K isolate (from the litter) could be selected because of its high mortality (100%) and high larval infectivity (50% overgrown with mycelium).

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Selected Entomopathogenic Fungi in Packed Rice Grain at Room Temperature Against Corcyra Cephalonica Stainton

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrawan Samodra ◽  
Yusof Bin Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Corcyra Cephalonica ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Moth ◽  
Tapioca Flour

Eight isolates of entomopathogenic fungi were evaluated as dried conidia against the rice moth,  Corcyra cephalonica. In bioassays two isolates of Beauveria bassiana (BbGc and BbPs) and one isolate of Metarhizium anisopliae (MaPs) consistently gave high mortality to C. cephalonica larvae. Formulations in either kaolin, talc or tapioca flour (20 % w/w a.i.) thoroughly mixed with long grain rice in plastic cups (8 cm diameter by 5 cm) gave complete larval mortality by the 12th day of treatment. However, in general those formulated in kaolin and talc were more efficacious and faster to kill compared to those formulated in tapioca flour or the unformulated control. Even at the lowest rate of 0.05 g BbGc in kaolin provided 100% mortality 7 days after introduction compared with other dust formulations. Isolate BbGc in kaolin and talc administered at 0.4 g a.i. in 200 g rice packed in plastic kept at room temperature provided protection against the rice moth up to 4 months of storage. Larval mortality in excess of 90% was obtained 15 days after introduction. Formulations of MaPs was effective only within the first month of storage beyond which infectivity rapidly declined.

Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea for Control of Sitophilus oryzae

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICKOLAS G. KAVALLIERATOS ◽  
CHRISTOS G. ATHANASSIOU ◽  
MARIA M. AOUNTALA ◽  
DEMETRIUS C. KONTODIMAS
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Stored Grain Pest ◽  
Petri Dishes

The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea were tested against the stored-grain pest Sitophilus oryzae. The fungi were isolated from the soil (from three locations in Attica, Greece: B. bassiana from Tatoion, M. anisopliae from Marathon, and I. fumosorosea from Aghios Stefanos) using larvae of Galleria mellonella as bait. Suspensions of 2.11 × 107 and 2.11 × 108, 1.77 × 107 and 1.77 × 108, and 1.81 × 107 and 1.81 × 108 conidia per ml of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and I. fumosorosea, respectively, were applied by three treatments: (i) sprayed on food and set in petri dishes with adults of S. oryzae, (ii) sprayed on adults of S. oryzae and set in petri dishes without food, and (iii) sprayed on adults of S. oryzae and set in petri dishes with food. The observed mortality of S. oryzae adults during the overall exposure period for the lowest, as well as for the highest, concentrations of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and I. fumosorosea ranged from 0 to 100%. Concentration was, in most of the cases tested, a critical parameter that determined the “speed of kill” of the exposed insect species for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae. Conversely, concentration was not that critical for I. fumosorosea, and survival was high in some of the combinations tested, even after 14 days of exposure. Both in the highest and the lowest concentrations of fungi, the mortality of S. oryzae adults was higher when the fungi were applied on adults than when they were applied on food. Higher mortality was observed when food was absent than when food was present, in most of the cases tested. The high efficacy levels recorded in the current study indicate that the tested fungi could be effective biocontrol agents against S. oryzae.

scholarly journals Evaluación de insecticidas biorracionales en el control de mosca blanca (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en la producción de hortalizas//Evaluation of biorational insecticides for whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) control in vegetables production

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Félix D. Murillo-Cuevas ◽  
Héctor Cabrera-Mireles ◽  
Jacel Adame-García ◽  
José Antonio Fernández-Viveros ◽  
Jazmin Villegas Narváez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Traditional Production ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Production Conditions

En el estado de Veracruz, el control de mosca blanca con insecticidas sintéticos en las hortalizas ha provocado problemas de contaminación. El objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en evaluar la eficiencia de productos biorracionales en el control de mosca blanca en el cultivo de jitomate en condiciones de invernadero y en los cultivos de chile y calabacita en condiciones de cielo abierto. Para jitomate los tratamientos fueron Nim aceite 4% IA, Nim aceite + Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Nim aceite + Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1, Nim aceite + Isaria javanica 1x 107 mL-1 y un testigo (sin aplicación), y para chile y calabacita Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Isaria fumosorosea 1x107 mL-1, Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1 y un testigo (sin aplicación). Los tratamientos de Nim aceite + M. anisopliae y Nim aceite + I. javanica fueron los más eficientes en jitomate y los insecticidas a base de B. bassiana y M. anisopliae en chile y calabacita, respectivamente. Existe un potencial para el uso de hongos entomopatógenos para control de mosca blanca en los cultivos de jitomate en invernadero, chile y calabacitas a cielo abierto, potencial aplicable a condiciones de alta tecnología y de producción tradicional.ABSTRACTIn the state of Veracruz, the control of whitefly with synthetic insecticides in vegetables has caused contamination problems. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of biorational products for whitefly control in tomato cultivation under greenhouse conditions, and in chili and squash under open sky conditions. In tomato, treatments were Nim oil 4% IA, Nim oil + Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Nim oil + Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1, Nim oil + Isaria javanica 1x107 mL-1 and Blank (control). In chili and squash, treatments were Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Isaria fumosorosea 1x107 mL-1, Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1 and Blank (control). The Nim oil + M. anisopliae and Nim oil + I. javanica treatments were the most efficient in tomato and the B. bassiana and M. anisopliae based insecticides in chili and zucchini, respectively. There is a potential for the use of entomopathogenic fungi for whitefly control in tomato under greenhouse conditions, and chili and squash under open sky conditions, a potential applicable to high technology and traditional production conditions.

scholarly journals Selection of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. strains for control of Cornitermes cumulans (Kollar)

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Neves ◽  
Sérgio Batista Alves
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Production Test ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Rice Medium ◽  
Selection Of

Fifty strains of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. were tested against the termite Cornitermes cumulans. In the first phase of the experiments, several bioassays were conducted and the five best strains were selected. The criterion for strain selection during this phase was the confirmed mortality above 50% five days after application of the fungus. Three M. anisopliae and two B. bassiana strains were the most virulent. The second phase of the experiments consisted of a bioassay and a conidial production test using a rice medium. The best M. anisopliae and B. bassiana strains were selected using both the confirmed insect mortality nine days after application of the fungus and the yield of conidia. Considering results from the bioassay, M. anisopliae 1037 showed the highest confirmed (57.8%) and total (89.2%) mortalities after nine days. Among the B. bassiana strains, 447 was the most virulent with confirmed and total mortalities of 45.9% and 89.8%, respectively. M. anisopliae 1037 had the highest conidial yield with mean of 3.37 x 10(12) conidia/kg of rice, followed by B. bassiana strain 447 with 2.66 x 10(12) conidia/kg of rice. The M. anisopliae strain 1037 was the highest virulent followed by B. bassiana strain 447. This strains showed the greatest potential as agents to be used in biological control programs against C. cumulans.

scholarly journals External development of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae in the subterranean termite Heterotermes tenuis

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alcides Moino Jr. ◽  
Sérgio Batista Alves ◽  
Rogério Biaggioni Lopes ◽  
Pedro Manuel Oliveira Janeiro Neves ◽  
Roberto Manoel Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Fixation Techniques ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
External Development

The subterranean termite Heterotermes tenuis is one of the main pests of sugarcane and eucalyptus in Brazil, and the use of entomopathogenic fungi, alone or associated to chemicals, is an efficient and environmentally favorable method for its control. Studies related to the fungal development on these insects are important due to the effect of insect behavior on entomopathogens. The objective of this work was to describe the external development of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae on H. tenuis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), determining the duration of the different phases of fungal infection. Two fixation techniques for preparing SEM samples were also evaluated. Worker specimens of H. tenuis were inoculated with a 1 x 10(9) conidia mL-1 suspension of the fungi and maintained at 25±1ºC and 70±10% relative humidity. Insects were collected from 0 to 144 hours after inoculation and prepared on SEM stubs for each of the two fixation techniques. The results obtained with the two techniques were compared and duration of the different phases of the infection process were estimated from SEM observations and compared for three fungal isolates. B. bassiana and M. anisopliae have similar development cycles on the termite, but some important differences exist. The penetration, colonization and conidiogenesis phases are relatively faster for M. anisopliae than for B. bassiana, which results in a faster rate of insect mortality. The fixation technique with OsO4 vapor is suitable for preparation of insects to be used in SEM observation of the developmental stages of entomopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals Development of an attract-and-infect device for biological control of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in poultry houses

2020 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 104326
Author(s):  
Marla J. Hassemer ◽  
Rogerio B. Lopes ◽  
Miguel Borges ◽  
Luis F.A. Alves ◽  
David M. Withall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Alphitobius Diaperinus ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Lesser Mealworm ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae
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