Effects of neighborhood socioeconomic status on blood pressure in older adults

Abstract Lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) is associated with poorer cognitive function; underlying neural correlates are unknown. Cross-sectional associations of nSES (six census-derived measures of income, education, and occupation) and gray matter volume (GMV) of eight memory-related regions (hippocampus, middle frontal gyrus, amygdala, insula, parahippocampal gyrus, anterior, middle, and posterior cingulum) were examined in 264 community-dwelling older adults (mean age=83, 56.82% female, 39.02% black). In linear mixed effects models adjusted for total brain atrophy and accounting for geographic clustering, higher nSES was associated with greater GMV of the left hippocampus, left posterior cingulum, and bilateral insula, middle frontal, and parahippocampal gyri. nSES remained associated with GMV of the right insula (β= -32.26, p=0.026, 95%CI: -60.66, -3.86) after adjusting for individual level age, gender, race, income, and education. The nSES and cognitive function association may not be due to gray matter volume differences; other behavioral and biological mediators should be explored.

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Association of Long-Term Trajectories of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status With Weight Change in Older Adults

JAMA Network Open ◽

10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36809 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. e2036809

Author(s):

Dong Zhang ◽

Cici Bauer ◽

Tiffany Powell-Wiley ◽

Qian Xiao

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Weight Change ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status

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Neighborhood Characteristics Are Associated with Racial and Gender Variation Among Walking in Older Adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.26.1.17 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Tingjian Yan ◽

Li-Jung Liang ◽

Stefanie Vassar ◽

Monica Cheung Katz ◽

Jose J. Escarce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

African Americans ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Health Study ◽

Cardiovascular Health Study ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽

And Gender

Objective: To examine variation by race and gender in the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and walking among community-dwelling older adults.Design: Cross-sectional.Setting: Cardiovascular Health Study, a longitudinal population-based cohort.Participants: 4,849 adults aged >65 years.Measurements: Participants reported number of city blocks walked in the prior week. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (NSES) measured at the level of the census tract. Negative binominal regression models were constructed to test the association between NSES and blocks walked. In the fully adjusted models, we included two-way and three-way interaction terms among race, gender, and NSES. Results: In adjusted analyses, among White residents in the lowest NSES quartile (most disadvantaged), men walked 64% more than women (P<.001), while in the highest NSES (most advantaged), men walked 43% more than women (P<.001). Among African American residents in the lowest NSES quartile, men walked 196% more blocks than women (P<.001), while in the highest NSES, men walked 43% more blocks than women, but this did not reach statistical significance (P=.06). Conclusions: Female gender is more strongly associated with walking for African Americans than for Whites in low SES neighborhoods but had a similar association with walking for both African Americans and Whites in high SES neighborhoods. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(1):17-26; doi:10.18665/ed.26.1.17

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Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status Is Associated with Advance Care Planning Among Older Adults (W205D)

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management ◽

10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.01.014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 640-641

Author(s):

Sarah S. Nouri ◽

Courtney R. Lyles ◽

Anna D. Rubinsky ◽

Kanan Patel ◽

Riya Desai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Advance Care Planning ◽

Care Planning ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽

Advance Care

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Cognitive functioning among Dutch older adults: Do neighborhood socioeconomic status and urbanity matter?

Social Science & Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.05.052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 29-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jonathan Wörn ◽

Lea Ellwardt ◽

Marja Aartsen ◽

Martijn Huisman

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status

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Universal drug coverage and socioeconomic disparities in health care costs among persons with diabetes

10.2337/figshare.12385550.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai ◽

Ghazal S. Fazli ◽

Arlene S. Bierman ◽

Lorraine L. Lipscombe ◽

Nicholas Mitsakakis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Health Care ◽

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Health Care Costs ◽

Health Care Expenditures ◽

Drug Coverage ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Physician Visits ◽

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status ◽

Care Costs

Objective: To examine whether neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is a predictor of non-drug-related health care costs among Canadian adults with diabetes, and if so, whether SES disparities in costs are reduced after age 65, when universal drug coverage commences as an insurable benefit. Methods: Administrative health databases were used to examine publicly-funded health care expenditures among 698,113 younger (20-64 years) and older adults (≥65 years) with diabetes in Ontario from April 2004 to March 2014. Generalized linear models were constructed to examine relative and absolute differences in health care costs (total and non-drug-related) across neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) quintiles, by age, adjusting for differences in age, sex, diabetes duration, and comorbidity. Results: Unadjusted costs per person-year in the lowest (Q1) versus highest (Q5) SES quintile were 39% higher among younger adults ($5,954 vs. $4,270 Canadian dollars), but only 9% higher among older adults ($10,917 vs. $9,993). Adjusted non-drug costs (primarily for hospitalizations and physician visits) were $1,569 per person-year higher among younger adults in Q1 vs. Q5 (modeled relative cost difference: +35.7%) and $139.3 million per year among all individuals in Q1. Scenarios in which these excess costs per person-year were decreased by ≥10% or matched the relative difference among seniors suggested a potential for savings in the range of $26.0 to $128.2 million per year among all lower SES adults under age 65 (Q1-4). Conclusions: Socioeconomic status is a predictor of diabetes-related health care costs in our setting, more so among adults under age 65, a group that lacks universal drug coverage under Ontario’s health care system. Non-drug related health care costs were more than one-third higher in younger, low SES adults, translating to >$1 billion more in health care expenditures over 10 years.

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