scholarly journals Genetic similarity of Jatropha curcas accessions based on AFLP markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Fernandes Santos ◽  
Marcos Antonio Drumond ◽  
Marciene Amorim Rodrigues ◽  
Marcio Rannieri Viana Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Aflp Marker ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram

The genetic relationships between accessions of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) were determined based on AFLP marker. A set of 50 plants from 12 accessions of J. curcas was analyzed with molecular data from 164 loci generated from 17 AFLP primer combinations. Molecular variance of data was analyzed by total decomposition between and within accessions. An UPGMA dendrogram was constructed based on genetic distances estimated by Jaccard's similarity coefficient. The well-defined dendrogram showed a cophenetic value of 0.91. Groups of plants were observed in six of the 12 accessions studied with similarity of over 30 %, indicating high genetic variability. The variation among accessions was estimated to be 0.275, also indicating high variability. These results show that the genetic variability of the studied J. curcas accessions is structured according to the origin and that a greater number of populations should be sampled to increase the genetic diversity of the studied genebank.

scholarly journals AFLP MARKER IN GENETIC DIVERSITYASSESSMENT OF FIG (Ficus carica L.) POPULATIONS IN KURDISTAN REGION – IRAQ.

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-867
Author(s):  
Hussein & Jubrael
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Aflp Marker ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Cultivar Improvement ◽  
Similarity Matrices

In this study, the genetic relatedness of 12 cultivars of fig from different populations in Kurdistan region- Iraq were analyzed using eleven AFLP primers pairs combinations by using the technology of molecular analysis the DNA. Genetic similarity matrices were produced for the AFLP data to calculate genetic distances among their cultivars. Genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.1261 to 0.3905. The lowest genetic similarity was observed between Kola and Gala Zard (0.1261). The Hejeera Rash and Shela cultivars were most similar ones with a coefficient of 0.3905. Clustering based on AFLP data for the 12 fig cultivars was identified at the 0.32 similarity level. In the developed dendogram two main groups were found, the first one combined Ketek and Shela together, while the second group contained two sub group Shingaly and Benatty combined together, while in the other sub group cluster three other sub-group were identified. The results of this study may help in the formulation of appropriate strategies for conservation and cultivar improvement in figs, for which limited knowledge of the genetic diversity is available.

scholarly journals Identification of Pecan Cultivars and Their Genetic Relatedness as Determined by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Conner ◽  
Bruce W. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Carya Illinoinensis ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Average Value

Genetic variation among pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] cultivars was studied using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Using a combination of primers, a unique fingerprint is presented for each of the pecan genotypes studied. The genetic relatedness between 43 cultivars was estimated using 100 RAPD markers. Genetic distances, based on the similarity coefficient of Nei & Li, varied from 0.91 to 0.46, with an average value of 0.66 among all cultivars. The phenetic dendrogram developed from cluster analysis showed relatively weak grouping association. However, cultivars with known pedigrees usually grouped with at least one of the parents and genetic similarity estimates appear to agree with known genetic relationships.

scholarly journals Evaluating the genetic variability of rubber hybrid progenies of the two crosses PB260 x RO44/71 and PB260 x RO62/54 by RAPD technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Thien Minh Nguyen ◽  
Tien Thi My Pham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The agronomic values of this population have been evaluated in the field experiments based on their phenotypic performance of agronomic traits, but the genetic variability of this population needs to be evaluated via techniques based on genetic material - DNA. In this study, the genetic variability in the investigated population of 71 hybrids and their parents was evaluated by RAPD technique, using eight selected arbitrarily primers; Genetic parameters and dendrogram expressing the genetic relationships among the investigated population were analyzed by GenALEx 6.1, Popgene 1.31 and NTSYSpc 2.1 softwares. Eight primers were used to generate the amplify products on each individual in the investigated population. From 74 genotypes, a total of 109 fragments were generated, among which, there were 89 polymorphic bands representing 81.65% with an average of 11 polymorphic bands/primer. Genetic similarity coefficient among the investigated population, based on DICE coefficient, ranged from 0.560 (LH05/0822 and PB260) to 0.991 (LH05/0781 and LH05/0841) with an average of 0,796, meaning that the genetic distance among ranged from 0.009 to 0.440 with an average of 0.231. The Shannon index and mean heterozygosity values were 0.328 and 0,176, respectively. This indicated that the progenies of the two investigated crosses possessed a relatively high range of genetic variability. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within population represented 62%, while genetic variation among two different crosses contributes 38% to the total genetic variability. Dendrogram based on DICE’s genetic similarity using UPGMA method showed that the hybrids divide into two major genetic groups (0.75), but the crosses were scattered independently of the hybrid.

The use of random amplified microsatellite polymorphic DNA and coefficients of parentage to determine genetic relationships in barley

Genome ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Dávila ◽  
M P Sánchez de la Hoz ◽  
Y Loarce ◽  
E Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare Ssp

Seventy European barley lines (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) and 29 Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum accessions were evaluated for random amplified microsatellite polymorphism (RAMP). PCR was performed with 5'-anchored primers complementary to microsatellites in combination with random primers. Of 20 primers assayed in barley, only 9 produced well-resolved fragment patterns in H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum. On the basis of 56 polymorphic fragments, genetic distances between the two subspecies were calculated. Barley samples were subdivided according to growth habit and spike morphology. The smallest genetic distance was found between winter cultivars and accessions of H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum. The 20 primers assayed in the barley lines produced 140 polymorphic fragments that were used to calculate genetic similarity between lines. Mean genetic similarity within groups of lines ranged from 0.693 for 6-rowed winter barley to 0.657 for 6-rowed spring barley. Within these groups, mean values were significantly higher than mean genetic similarity between groups. Principal-coordinate analysis clearly separated the 2-rowed spring and 6-rowed winter types. Cluster analysis of spring and winter types showed subclustering consistent with the available pedigrees. Coefficients of parentage (COPs) were calculated for 29 spring and 20 winter lines. Mean values of 0.0741 for spring barley and 0.0458 for winter barley were obtained. RAMP-based genetic similarity matrices were compared with the corresponding COP-based matrices by the Mantel test. The correlation between them was poor (r = 0.21, P < 0.05), indicating little relationship between these two estimators of genetic similarity. The relative influence of factors involved in the calculation of these two estimators is discussed.Key words: genetic diversity, microsatellites, simple sequence repeats, fingerprinting, barley.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Cleveland Bay Horse Breed

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanshour ◽  
Hempsey ◽  
Juras ◽  
Cothran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Horse Breed ◽  
The Usa

The Cleveland Bay (CB) is the United Kingdom’s oldest established horse breed. In this study we analyzed the genetic variability in CB horses and investigated its genetic relationships with other horse breeds. We examined the genetic variability among 90 CB horses sampled in the USA compared to a total of 3447 horses from 59 other breeds. Analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure was carried out using 15 microsatellite loci. We found that genetic diversity in CB horses was less than that for the majority of other tested breeds. The genetic similarity measures showed no direct relationship between the CB and Thoroughbred but suggested the Turkman horses (likely in the lineage of ancestors of the Thoroughbred) as a possible ancestor. Our findings reveal the genetic uniqueness of the CB breed and indicate its need to be preserved as a genetic resource.

Microsatellite analysis of genetic variability in Waler horses from Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas M. Khanshour ◽  
Rytis Juras ◽  
E. Gus Cothran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Bayesian Method ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Horse Breed

The Waler horse breed is an integral part of Australian history. The purposes of this study were to analyse the genetic variability in Waler horses from Australia and to investigate genetic relationships with other horse breeds. We examined the genetic diversity of 70 Waler horses sampled from seven breeding stations in Australia. Also we analysed the relationships of these horses with 11 other horse breeds. Analysis of the genetic structure was carried out using 15 microsatellite loci, genetic distances, AMOVA, factorial correspondence analysis and a Bayesian method. We found that the genetic diversity in the Waler was greater than the domestic horse mean and exceeded that of all endangered horse breeds. Our findings also revealed moderate population subdivision rather than inbreeding. All genetic similarity measures indicated that the Thoroughbred might be a key ancestor to the Waler. This study indicates that there is no immediate concern for loss of variation in Waler horses. Also, there clearly has been a strong input from the Thoroughbred into the Waler horse breed. However, the genetic evidence suggests that this input was not just direct but also came through other types of horses with a Thoroughbred cross background.

scholarly journals Use RAPD Technique for Characterization of Genotypical Variability of Maize Germplasm from SCDA Turda

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica POP ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Monica HÂRŢA ◽  
Ioan HAŞ ◽  
Iulia POP
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Genetic analysis with RAPD markers has been extensively used to determine diversity among maize genotypes. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic relationships among 70 genotypes, provided from SCDA Turda Cluj germplasm collection. RAPD analysis was performed with 14 decamer primers. These primers generated, among the studied genotypes, a number of polymorphic bands comprised between 13 bands (OPA 04) and 7 bands (OPAL 20). The highest numbers of polymorphic bands were obtained with primer OPA 04, respectively 13 bands, following by OPO 12 (12 polymorphic bands), OPAB 11 and OPA 17 (11 polymorphic bands). Lowest number was obtained with primer OPAL 20, respectively 7 polymorphic bands. Genetic distances were established using Nei-Li coefficient and UPGMA dendrogram was constructed with RAPDistance 1.04 software. The built dendrogram shows phylogenetic relationships between genotypes analyzed.

Molecular characterization of oil palmElaeis guineensisJacq. of different origins for their utilization in breeding programmes

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Arias ◽  
Iván Ochoa ◽  
Fernando Castro ◽  
Hernán Romero
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Different Origins

Sustainable development of a breeding programme depends on having sufficient genetic variability to achieve genetic gains in each selection cycle. The aim of this study was to molecularly characterize families of the oil palm,Elaeis guineensisJacq., of different origins using microsatellite molecular markers. The value of the observed heterozygosity was higher than that of the expected heterozygosity in all of the progenies. The coefficients (GST= 0.207 andFST= 0.174) and AMOVA showed genotypic differences among the evaluated families. Likewise, this was reflected in the groups obtained by the dendrogram and principal coordinate analyses. This difference could have evolved due to the enrichment of some of the families with germplasm from different origins. Therefore, genetic relationships estimated from molecular data would be convenient to select families more distant from each group and palms more distant from each family selected to reserve genetic variability. This information will guide us in the decision-making process when planning breeding programmes focused on crosses to develop new populations with an acceptable broad genetic base and adaptability. In this way, sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic factors can be identified for the development of new varieties with competitive advantages for the sector.

scholarly journals Application of microsatellite analysis to group chicken according to their genetic similarity

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 629-640
Author(s):  
K. Wimmers ◽  
S. Ponsuksili ◽  
F. Schmoll ◽  
T. Hardge ◽  
E. Babafunso Sonaiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Microsatellite Loci ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Allele Sharing ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
Local Sample ◽  
Shared Alleles

Abstract. When estimating genetic variability of groups of local chicken from Nigeria we had to deal with the problem that the groups could not be regarded as distinct breeds or strains. The original sample groups obviously just represent individuals sampled in the same geographical region. The aim was to arrange these chicken in new groups according to their genetic similarity. Therefore 60 chicken from Nigeria and 10 Dahlem Reds (RIR) were genotyped at 20 microsatellite loci. In order to build up new groups "allele sharing" was calculated as the proportion of shared alleles between each pair of individuals and was used to construct a dendrogram of all individuals including Dahlem Reds as a reference group which represents a well defined line. All Dahlem Reds clustered in this dendrogram indicating that this is an adequate approach to group individuals according to their common genetic make-up. The Nigerian chicken were arranged in 7 new groups. CHORD genetic distances between these new groups ranged from 0.07 to 0.27 and were higher than the values revealed by the original local sample groups (0.05–0.16).

scholarly journals Biochemical polymorphisms and genetic relationships between Brazilian and foreign breeds of pigs reared in Brazil

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Helena Tagliaro ◽  
Maria Helena Lartigau Pereira Franco ◽  
Maria Paula Cruz Schneider ◽  
Benito Guimarães de Brito ◽  
Antonio Stockler Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Other ◽  
Paternity Testing ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Large White ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Biochemical Polymorphisms ◽  
Paternity Exclusion

The genetic variability of 14 protein systems encoded by 15 structural loci was investigated in blood samples of Piau and Caruncho pig breeds. The results were compared with those obtained previously for samples of Landrace, Large White, Duroc and Mouro. The degree of genetic variability obtained for Piau (He=0.114) was similar to that estimated for other breeds reared in Brazil (Landrace, He=0.116; Large White, He=0.119; Duroc, 0.095; Mouro, He= 0.130). Caruncho showed the lowest variability (He= 0.056). The gene frequencies at the polymorphic loci were used to evaluate the usefulness of these systems for paternity testing and the combined probabilities of paternity exclusion were estimated at 58% for the Piau and 36% for the Caruncho breed. Analysis of genetic distances revealed that the greatest similarity observed was between Piau and Landrace (D=0.042). Caruncho showed the greatest divergence among all breeds compared and the distances between this breed and others range from 0.107 (with Landrace) to 0.176 (with Duroc). The tree constructed by UPGMA and Rogers’ Distance gave a topology in which Piau and Mouro joined with the European breeds (Landrace and Large White) whereas Caruncho was separated from all the other breeds. The results of the analysis of the Caruncho samples should be interpreted with caution since the number of animals studied was small.

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