scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Cleveland Bay Horse Breed

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanshour ◽  
Hempsey ◽  
Juras ◽  
Cothran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Horse Breed ◽  
The Usa

The Cleveland Bay (CB) is the United Kingdom’s oldest established horse breed. In this study we analyzed the genetic variability in CB horses and investigated its genetic relationships with other horse breeds. We examined the genetic variability among 90 CB horses sampled in the USA compared to a total of 3447 horses from 59 other breeds. Analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure was carried out using 15 microsatellite loci. We found that genetic diversity in CB horses was less than that for the majority of other tested breeds. The genetic similarity measures showed no direct relationship between the CB and Thoroughbred but suggested the Turkman horses (likely in the lineage of ancestors of the Thoroughbred) as a possible ancestor. Our findings reveal the genetic uniqueness of the CB breed and indicate its need to be preserved as a genetic resource.

Microsatellite analysis of genetic variability in Waler horses from Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas M. Khanshour ◽  
Rytis Juras ◽  
E. Gus Cothran
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Bayesian Method ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Microsatellite Analysis ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Factorial Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Horse Breed

The Waler horse breed is an integral part of Australian history. The purposes of this study were to analyse the genetic variability in Waler horses from Australia and to investigate genetic relationships with other horse breeds. We examined the genetic diversity of 70 Waler horses sampled from seven breeding stations in Australia. Also we analysed the relationships of these horses with 11 other horse breeds. Analysis of the genetic structure was carried out using 15 microsatellite loci, genetic distances, AMOVA, factorial correspondence analysis and a Bayesian method. We found that the genetic diversity in the Waler was greater than the domestic horse mean and exceeded that of all endangered horse breeds. Our findings also revealed moderate population subdivision rather than inbreeding. All genetic similarity measures indicated that the Thoroughbred might be a key ancestor to the Waler. This study indicates that there is no immediate concern for loss of variation in Waler horses. Also, there clearly has been a strong input from the Thoroughbred into the Waler horse breed. However, the genetic evidence suggests that this input was not just direct but also came through other types of horses with a Thoroughbred cross background.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of the Hungarian Gidran horse in two mitochondrial DNA markers

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolett Sziszkosz ◽  
Sándor Mihók ◽  
András Jávor ◽  
Szilvia Kusza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Horse Breed ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Blast Analysis ◽  
D Loop ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mtdna Markers

The Gidran is a native Hungarian horse breed that has approached extinction several times. Phylogenetic analysis of two mitochondrial markers (D-loop and cytochrome-b) was performed to determine the genetic characterization of the Gidran for the first time as well as to detect errors in the management of the Gidran stud book. Sequencing of 686 bp ofCYTBand 202 bp of the D-loop in 260 mares revealed 24 and 32 haplotypes, respectively, among 31 mare families. BLAST analysis revealed six novelCYTBand four D-loop haplotypes that have not been previously reported. The Gidran mares showed high haplotype (CYTB: 0.8735 ± 0.011; D-loop: 0.9136 ± 0.008) and moderate nucleotide (CYTB: 0.00472 ± 0.00017; D-loop: 0.02091 ± 0.00068) diversity. Of the 31 Gidran mare families, only 15CYTB(48.4%) and 17 D-loop (54.8%) distinct haplotypes were formed using the two markers separately. Merged markers created 24 (77.4%) mare families, which were in agreement with the mare families in the stud book. Our key finding was that the Gidran breed still possesses high genetic diversity despite its history. The obtained haplotypes are mostly consistent with known mare families, particularly when the two mtDNA markers were merged. Our results could facilitate conservation efforts for preserving the genetic diversity of the Gidran.

scholarly journals Keragaman Genetik Klon Kakao Lokal Sulawesi Tenggara Berdasarkan Marka SSR dan Karakter Morfologi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Nur Kholilatul Izzah ◽  
Budi Martono ◽  
Baharuddin Baharuddin ◽  
Edi Wardiana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Biology Laboratory ◽  
High Diversity

<em>Molecular and morphological characterization of cacao clones obtained from exploration in Southeast Sulawesi is very important to know their superiority and genetic relationships. Analysis of genetic diversity using molecular markers is also useful for detecting duplication found among collected clones. The research aimed to determine the genetic diversity of local cacao clones derived from Southeast Sulawesi based on SSR markers and morphological characters. The research was conducted at Cacao Research Sub-Station, Lebojaya Village, Konda Subdistrict, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, and Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute Sukabumi, and Molecular Biology Laboratory of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development Bogor, from April to November 2015. Genetic diversity analysis was performed on 21 cacao clones covering 19 local clones and 2 national varieties using 22 SSR markers. The molecular characterization results showed that 11 markers are polymorphic, and subsequently used to group cacao clones using NTSYS program. The grouping results divided the cacao clones into 4 main groups at 0.46 genetic similarity values. Based on genetic distance values &gt;0.7, 8 combinations of cacao clones can be selected as parental clones with the expectation to increase the effect of heterosis on progeny. On the other hand, result of morphological characterization generally indicated the diversity between the four cacao groups. Based on molecular and morphological characterization, it can be seen that cacao clones derived from Southeast Sulawesi have a high diversity and can be utilized in the development program of new improved varieties.</em>

scholarly journals Recent aspects on epidemiology, clinical disease, and genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii infections in Australasian marsupials

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitender P. Dubey ◽  
Fernando H. A. Murata ◽  
Camila K. Cerqueira-Cézar ◽  
Oliver C. H. Kwok ◽  
Chunlei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Clinical Disease ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Free Ranging

Abstract Background Toxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Among all intermediate hosts of T. gondii, captive marsupials from Australia and New Zealand are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis. However, most free-range marsupials establish chronic T. gondii infection. Infected marsupial meat may serve as a source of T. gondii infection for humans. Differences in mortality patterns in different species of kangaroos and other marsupials are not fully understood. Lifestyle, habitat, and the genotype of T. gondii are predicted to be risk factors. For example, koalas are rarely exposed to T. gondii because they live on treetops whereas wallabies on land are frequently exposed to infection. Methods The present review summarizes worldwide information on the prevalence of clinical and subclinical infections, epidemiology, and genetic diversity of T. gondii infecting Australasian marsupials in their native habitat and among exported animals over the past decade. The role of genetic types of T. gondii and clinical disease is discussed. Results Fatal toxoplasmosis has been diagnosed in captive Australasian marsupials in Argentina, Chile, China, Germany, Hungary, Japan, Spain, Turkey, and the USA. Most deaths occurred because of disseminated toxoplasmosis. Genetic characterization of T. gondii strains isolated from fatal marsupial infections identified Type III as well as atypical, nonclonal genotypes. Fatal toxoplasmosis was also diagnosed in free-ranging wombats (Vombatus ursinus) in Australia. Genetic characterization of DNA amplified directly from host tissues of subclinical culled kangaroos at slaughter identified many mixed-strain infections with both atypical and recombinant genotypes of T. gondii. Conclusions Most Australasian marsupials in their native land, Australia and New Zealand, have high prevalence of T. gondii, and kangaroo meat can be a source of infection for humans if consumed uncooked/undercooked. The genotypes prevalent in kangaroos in Australia and New Zealand were genetically distinct from those isolated or genotyped from most macropods in the USA and other countries. Thus, clinical toxoplasmosis in marsupials imported from Australia is most likely to occur from infections acquired after importation. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals Subtype Characterization and Zoonotic Potential of Cryptosporidium felis in Cats in Guangdong and Shanghai, China

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Jiayu Li ◽  
Fuxian Yang ◽  
Ruobing Liang ◽  
Sheng Guo ◽  
Yaqiong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gp60 Gene ◽  
The Common ◽  
Subtyping Tool

Cryptosporidiumfelis is an important cause of feline and human cryptosporidiosis. However, the transmission of this pathogen between humans and cats remains controversial, partially due to a lack of genetic characterization of isolates from cats. The present study was conducted to examine the genetic diversity of C. felis in cats in China and to assess their potential zoonotic transmission. A newly developed subtyping tool based on a sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene was employed to identify the subtypes of 30 cat-derived C. felis isolates from Guangdong and Shanghai. Altogether, 20 C. felis isolates were successfully subtyped. The results of the sequence alignment showed a high genetic diversity, with 13 novel subtypes and 2 known subtypes of the XIXa subtype family being identified. The known subtypes were previously detected in humans, while some of the subtypes formed well-supported subclusters with human-derived subtypes from other countries in a phylogenetic analysis of the gp60 sequences. The results of this study confirmed the high genetic diversity of the XIXa subtype family of C. felis. The common occurrence of this subtype family in both humans and cats suggests that there could be cross-species transmission of C. felis.

scholarly journals Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA Analysis for Genetic Characterization of Two Breeds of Dogs, German Shepherd and Japanese Spitz

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Jarina Joshsi ◽  
Lumanti Manandhar ◽  
Patima Shrestha ◽  
Rani Gupta ◽  
Rojlina Manadhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Random Amplification

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study genetic diversity in dog samples belonging to populations of German Shepherd and Japanese Spitz. A total of twelve samples were typed using eight RAPD primers. Out of eight primers, three primers gave result in six individuals of dogs. The phylogenetic tree constructed by the neighbor joining method based on Nei. Original measures revealed highest genetic identity found in German Shepherd as 0.9444 and highest genetic distance as 1.2809. The analysis predicts the number of polymorphic loci as 15 and the percentage of polymorphic loci as 83.3. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 73-78 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7717

scholarly journals Evaluating the genetic variability of rubber hybrid progenies of the two crosses PB260 x RO44/71 and PB260 x RO62/54 by RAPD technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Thien Minh Nguyen ◽  
Tien Thi My Pham
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The agronomic values of this population have been evaluated in the field experiments based on their phenotypic performance of agronomic traits, but the genetic variability of this population needs to be evaluated via techniques based on genetic material - DNA. In this study, the genetic variability in the investigated population of 71 hybrids and their parents was evaluated by RAPD technique, using eight selected arbitrarily primers; Genetic parameters and dendrogram expressing the genetic relationships among the investigated population were analyzed by GenALEx 6.1, Popgene 1.31 and NTSYSpc 2.1 softwares. Eight primers were used to generate the amplify products on each individual in the investigated population. From 74 genotypes, a total of 109 fragments were generated, among which, there were 89 polymorphic bands representing 81.65% with an average of 11 polymorphic bands/primer. Genetic similarity coefficient among the investigated population, based on DICE coefficient, ranged from 0.560 (LH05/0822 and PB260) to 0.991 (LH05/0781 and LH05/0841) with an average of 0,796, meaning that the genetic distance among ranged from 0.009 to 0.440 with an average of 0.231. The Shannon index and mean heterozygosity values were 0.328 and 0,176, respectively. This indicated that the progenies of the two investigated crosses possessed a relatively high range of genetic variability. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within population represented 62%, while genetic variation among two different crosses contributes 38% to the total genetic variability. Dendrogram based on DICE’s genetic similarity using UPGMA method showed that the hybrids divide into two major genetic groups (0.75), but the crosses were scattered independently of the hybrid.

scholarly journals Analysis of genetic relationships of genotypes of the genus Rosa L. from the collection of Nikita Botanical Gardens using ISSR and IRAP DNA markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-480
Author(s):  
I. I. Suprun ◽  
S. A. Plugatar ◽  
I. V. Stepanov ◽  
T. S. Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Botanical Gardens

In connection with the development of breeding and the creation of new plant varieties, the problem of their genotyping and identification is becoming increasingly important, therefore the use of molecular methods to identify genetic originality and assess plant genetic diversity appears to be relevant. As part of the work performed, informative ISSR and IRAP DNA markers promising for the study of genetic diversity of the Rosa L. genus were sought and applied to analysis of genetic relationships among 26 accessions of the genus Rosa L. from the gene pool collection of Nikita Botanical Gardens. They included 18 cultivated varieties and 8 accessions of wild species. The species sample included representatives of two subgenera, Rosa and Platyrhodon. The subgenus Platyrhodon was represented by one accession of the species R. roxburghii Tratt. Cultivated roses were represented by varieties of garden groups hybrid tea, floribunda, and grandiflora. The tested markers included 32 ISSRs and 13 IRAPs. Five ISSR markers (UBC 824, ASSR29, 3A21, UBC 864, and UBC 843) and three IRAPs (TDK 2R, Сass1, and Сass2) were chosen as the most promising. They were used for genotyping the studied sample of genotypes. In general, they appeared to be suitable for further use in studying the genetic diversity of the genus Rosa L. The numbers of polymorphic fragments ranged from 12 to 31, averaging 19.25 fragments per marker. For markers UBC 864 and UBC 843, unique fingerprints were identified in each accession studied. The genetic relationships of the studied species and varieties of roses analyzed by the UPGMA, PCoA, and Bayesian methods performed on the basis of IRAP and ISSR genotyping are consistent with their taxonomic positions. The genotype of the species R. roxburghii of the subgenus Platyrhodon was determined genetically as the most distant. According to clustering methods, the representative of the species R. bengalensis did not stand out from the group of cultivated varieties. When assessing the level of genetic similarity among the cultivated varieties of garden roses, the most genetically isolated varieties were ‘Flamingo’, ‘Queen Elizabeth’, and ‘Kordes Sondermeldung’; for most of the other varieties, groups of the greatest genetic similarity were identified. This assessment reflects general trends in phylogenetic relationships, both among the studied species of the genus and among cultivated varieties.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in different populations of sloths assessed by DNA fingerprinting

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. MORAES ◽  
J. S. MORGANTE ◽  
C. Y. MIYAKI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Similarity Indices ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Related Individuals ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Two Populations

In this study we analyzed a population of Bradypus torquatus with individuals originally distributed in different localities of Bahia, and two populations of B. variegatus with individuals from Bahia and São Paulo States. Using the DNA fingerprinting method, we assessed the genetic variability within and between populations. Analysis of the DNA profiles revealed genetic similarity indices ranging from 0.34 ± 0.07 to 0.87 ± 0.04. Similar low levels of genetic variability were found only in isolated mammalian populations or among related individuals. This study presents the first analyses of genetic diversity in sloth populations.

Genetic characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from wastewater and river water in Tunisia: predominance of CTX-M-15 and high genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (35) ◽  
pp. 44368-44377
Author(s):  
Bilel Hassen ◽  
Mohamed Salah Abbassi ◽  
Saloua Benlabidi ◽  
Laura Ruiz-Ripa ◽  
Olouwafemi M. Mama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
River Water ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
High Genetic Diversity
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