Evaluating the genetic variability of rubber hybrid progenies of the two crosses PB260 x RO44/71 and PB260 x RO62/54 by RAPD technique

The agronomic values of this population have been evaluated in the field experiments based on their phenotypic performance of agronomic traits, but the genetic variability of this population needs to be evaluated via techniques based on genetic material - DNA. In this study, the genetic variability in the investigated population of 71 hybrids and their parents was evaluated by RAPD technique, using eight selected arbitrarily primers; Genetic parameters and dendrogram expressing the genetic relationships among the investigated population were analyzed by GenALEx 6.1, Popgene 1.31 and NTSYSpc 2.1 softwares. Eight primers were used to generate the amplify products on each individual in the investigated population. From 74 genotypes, a total of 109 fragments were generated, among which, there were 89 polymorphic bands representing 81.65% with an average of 11 polymorphic bands/primer. Genetic similarity coefficient among the investigated population, based on DICE coefficient, ranged from 0.560 (LH05/0822 and PB260) to 0.991 (LH05/0781 and LH05/0841) with an average of 0,796, meaning that the genetic distance among ranged from 0.009 to 0.440 with an average of 0.231. The Shannon index and mean heterozygosity values were 0.328 and 0,176, respectively. This indicated that the progenies of the two investigated crosses possessed a relatively high range of genetic variability. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that genetic variation within population represented 62%, while genetic variation among two different crosses contributes 38% to the total genetic variability. Dendrogram based on DICE’s genetic similarity using UPGMA method showed that the hybrids divide into two major genetic groups (0.75), but the crosses were scattered independently of the hybrid.

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Genetic Characterization of Cleveland Bay Horse Breed

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d11100174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 174 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Khanshour ◽

Hempsey ◽

Juras ◽

Cothran

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Genetic Resource ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Similarity Measures ◽

Horse Breed ◽

The Usa

The Cleveland Bay (CB) is the United Kingdom’s oldest established horse breed. In this study we analyzed the genetic variability in CB horses and investigated its genetic relationships with other horse breeds. We examined the genetic variability among 90 CB horses sampled in the USA compared to a total of 3447 horses from 59 other breeds. Analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure was carried out using 15 microsatellite loci. We found that genetic diversity in CB horses was less than that for the majority of other tested breeds. The genetic similarity measures showed no direct relationship between the CB and Thoroughbred but suggested the Turkman horses (likely in the lineage of ancestors of the Thoroughbred) as a possible ancestor. Our findings reveal the genetic uniqueness of the CB breed and indicate its need to be preserved as a genetic resource.

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Variasi Genetik dalam Populasi Kultivar Kopi Arabika Berbuah Kuning di Lahan Petani Berdasarkan Penanda SSRs

Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar ◽

10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2016.p83-94 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Dani Dani ◽

Nur Kholilatul Izzah ◽

Enny Randriani

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Binary Data ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Pcr Amplification ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Polymorphic Band ◽

Group Method ◽

Arabica Coffee

Identification of the genetic diversity within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on morphological characters faced an obstacle in finding identical environmental conditions at farmers field. Therefore, an approach which is not influenced by differences in environmental conditions is required, for instance based on DNA polymorphism. The research aimed to analyze genetic variation within populations of yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar based on SSRs markers. The research was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from April until June 2015. The leaf samples for DNA extraction were obtained from yellow-berried Arabica coffee cultivar (AGK-1) and two red-berried cultivars as controls, namely ABP-1 (dwarf type) and Typica (tall type). AGK-1 and ABP-1 cultivars consisted of 17 and 5 individual numbers, respectively, whereas Typica cultivar comprised three individuals. PCR amplification was carried out using 12 SSR primers. Four primers (M24, SSRCa052, M32, and M42) produced polymorphic band. The binary data obtained in this research was subsequently processed using NTSYS-PC program version 2.1. The genotypes were grouped based on a genetic similarity matrix using the unweighted pair group method arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The result showed the existence of genetic variation among individual of AGK-1 cultivars, which forming three clusters at the genetic similarity value of 67%. One cluster exhibited close genetic relationships between some individuals within the population of AGK-1 cultivar and Typica cultivar. Meanwhile, the other two clusters showed high genetic similarity between AGK-1 cultivar and ABP-1 cultivar. The result demonstrated the possibility of gene flow between genotypes or residual heterozygosity within the population of AGK-1 cultivar at farmers field, which required a further study.

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Genetic variability of three fish species of genus Puntius

Journal of Experimental and Applied Animal Sciences ◽

10.20454/jeaas.2017.1279 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 153

Author(s):

Abu-Almaaty A. H. ◽

Iman M. Bahgat ◽

Zaineb M. Al-Tahr

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Fish Species ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Electrophoretic Analysis ◽

Sds Page ◽

New Varieties ◽

Issr Primers

The present study was aimed to evaluate the genetic variability among three fish species of genus Puntius, Puntius semifasciolatus, Puntius conchonius and Puntius oligolepis (family: Cyprinidae) using various genetic markers (SDS-Page and ISSR). The electrophoretic analysis of protein was revealed 29 bands of molecular weight ranging from 11 to 132KD with polymorphism 28%. A total of eleven ISSR primers produced 123 total bands their size ranged from 79 to 1185bp and the percentage of polymorphism ranged from 91% to 100%. Results analysis showed that the percentages of genetic relationship among three species were 33% and 47%. The results of the study revealed that Puntius semifasciolatus and Puntius conchonius have higher genetic similarity 47% while Puntius semifasciolatus and Puntius oligolepis exhibited lower genetic similarity 33%. Considering all the gained data, it is evident that molecular detection of SDS-Page and ISSR are suitable tools in assessing genetic variation among fish species. These markers provide interesting tools for breeding new varieties of Egyptian fish.

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Genomic analysis reveals geography rather than culture as the predominant factor shaping genetic variation in northern Kenyan human populations

10.1101/2021.10.29.466304 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Angela M Taravella Oill ◽

Carla Handley ◽

Emma K Howell ◽

Anne C. Stone ◽

Sarah Mathew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Genomic Analysis ◽

Human Populations ◽

Demographic Information ◽

Geographic Scale ◽

Northern Kenya ◽

Predominant Factor ◽

Cultural Similarity

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic relationships within and among four neighboring populations in northern Kenya in light of cultural relationships to understand the extent to which geography and culture shape patterns of genetic variation. Materials and Methods: We collected DNA and demographic information pertaining to aspects of social identity and heritage from 572 individuals across the Turkana, Samburu, Waso Borana, and Rendille of northern Kenya. We sampled individuals across a total of nine clans from these four groups and, additionally, three territorial sections within the Turkana and successfully genotyped 376 individuals. Results: Here we report that geography predominately shapes genetic variation within and among human groups in northern Kenya. We observed a clinal pattern of genetic variation that mirrors the overall geographic distribution of the individuals we sampled. We also found relatively higher rates of intermarriage between the Rendille and Samburu and evidence of gene flow between them that reflect these higher rates of intermarriage. Among the Turkana, we observed strong recent genetic substructuring based on territorial section affiliation. Within ethnolinguistic groups, we found that Y chromosome haplotypes do not consistently cluster by natal clan affiliation. Finally, we found that sampled populations that are geographically closer have lower genetic differentiation, and that cultural similarity does not predict genetic similarity as a whole across these northern Kenyan populations. Discussion: Overall, the results from this study highlight the importance of geography, even on a local geographic scale, in shaping observed patterns of genetic variation in human populations.

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Genetic variation of phytate and ionorganic phosphorus in maize population

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr0901107m ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Snezana Mladenovic-Drinic ◽

Danijela Ristic ◽

Slobodanka Sredojevic ◽

Vesna Dragicevic ◽

Dragana Ignjatovic-Micic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Protein Content ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Inorganic Phosphorus ◽

High Concentration ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Maize Population ◽

Maize Populations ◽

Phytate Content

Analysis of 60 maize populations was conducted to identify genotypes that had either low or high concentration of phytate. Genetic variability in seed phytate content was observed, with values ranging from 1,147 to 4, 13 g kg-1. Inorganic phosphorus (Pi) concentrations were between 0, 35 and 1, 29 and averaged 0, 65 g kg-1. Three groups of populations were identified as having low, intermediate and high phytate content. The low phytate concentration was measured in eight, intermediate in 25 and high in 27 populations. Positive correlation was found between phytate and protein. Population 216 had the lowest phytate concentration of 1, 14 gkg-1, and a Pi concentration 40% greater than Pi mean but lower than average protein content. This population will be used for further breeding genotypes with low phytate content and good agronomic traits.

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Genetic diversity of Carica papaya as revealed by AFLP markers

Genome ◽

10.1139/g02-012 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 503-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

M S Kim ◽

P H Moore ◽

F Zee ◽

M MM Fitch ◽

D L Steiger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Related Species ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Carica Papaya ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Aflp Markers ◽

Gene Pools ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Similar Gene

Genetic relationships among Carica papaya cultivars, breeding lines, unimproved germplasm, and related species were established using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Seventy-one papaya accessions and related species were analyzed with nine EcoRIMseI primer combinations. A total of 186 informative AFLP markers was generated and analyzed. Cluster analysis suggested limited genetic variation in papaya, with an average genetic similarity among 63 papaya accessions of 0.880. Genetic diversity among cultivars derived from the same or similar gene pools was smaller, such as Hawaiian Solo hermaphrodite cultivars and Australian dioecious cultivars with genetic similarity at 0.921 and 0.912, respectively. The results indicated that self-pollinated hermaphrodite cultivars were as variable as open-pollinated dioecious cultivars. Genetic diversity between C. papaya and six other Carica species was also evaluated. Carica papaya shared the least genetic similarity with these species, with an average genetic similarity of 0.432; the average genetic similarity among the six other species was 0.729. The results from AFLP markers provided detailed estimates of the genetic variation within and among papaya cultivars, and supported the notion that C. papaya diverged from the rest of Carica species early in the evolution of this genus.Key words: DNA fingerprinting, germplasm, genetic relationship, molecular phylogeny, polymorphism.

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Genetic diversity analysis in Plectranthus edulis (Vatke) Agnew populations collected from diverse geographic regions in Ethiopia using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) DNA marker system

Journal of Biological Research-Thessaloniki ◽

10.1186/s40709-019-0100-3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Medhin Gebrehiwet ◽

Teklehaimanot Haileselassie ◽

Fekadu Gadissa ◽

Kassahun Tesfaye

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Food Security ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Germplasm Management ◽

Geographic Regions

Abstract Background Plectranthus edulis (Vatke) Agnew (Lamiaceae), locally known as Ethiopian potato syno. Ethiopian dinich, is one of the native Ethiopian edible tuber crops that has been significantly contributing to household food security for millions of subsistence farmers. However, its current production is declining to the extent of total extinction from several administrative regions where it used to be widely cultivated. It is one of the less researched crops regardless of being indigenous and its contribution to food security during time of scarcity. Therefore, we intended to assess the level of genetic diversity in 67 accessions, representing nine populations that were collected from diverse agro-ecologies in the country, using ISSR markers and hence, to generate a baseline information that assists marker assisted breeding, conservation and germplasm management efforts. Results In the present study, ten polymorphic ISSR markers were screened and optimized, that generated an average of 7.4 scorable bands per marker and revealed high overall percent polymorphism (95%), Nei’s gene diversity (h = 0.40) and Shannon index (I = 0.62) suggesting ISSR’s effectiveness in detecting high levels of genetic diversity. A considerably high overall populations gene diversity (Nei’s) (h = 0.32) and Shannon index (I = 0.47) were observed, revealing high potential of the populations for further breeding and conservation efforts particularly for population from Gurage administrative zone, which showed the highest values. Similarly, estimation of pairwise genetic distance revealed the importance of cross breeding population from Awi administrative zone to the rest populations. Analysis of hierarchical molecular variance (AMOVA) showed higher levels of genetic differentiation within populations (92%), and collection regions (94%) suggesting that either clonal mode of propagation in the crop or farmers selection pressure for important agronomic traits or both maintained the original heterozygosity in the crop. UPGMA phylogenetic analysis did not strictly group the populations based on their geographic region of origin, which could be attributed to the widely practiced tuber exchange and hence continuous human mediated exchange of genetic material and sharing of the same genetic base among the geographic regions. Conclusions The ISSR markers used in the present study were effective in revealing extent and patterns of genetic diversity in P. edulis populations. However, it is important to couple them with agro-morphological traits or codominant molecular markers to get more reliable information for use in breeding and conservation. Several of the potential administrative zones we covered are useful for P. edulis diversification and conservation. However, the crop is currently highly marginalized and this led to rapid decline in population size and loss of valuable agronomic traits. To address this challenge, there is an urgent need to take counteractive measures.

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Variability of some broomrape populations from China. Genotyping and determination of genetic polymorphism (II)

Akademos ◽

10.52673/18570461.21.2-61.04 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 61-69

Author(s):

Maria Duca ◽

◽

Ina Bivol ◽

Ana Mutu ◽

Steliana Clapco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Allelic Diversity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Short Period ◽

The Face

Genetic diversity within a population is reflected by variations in genetic material among individuals and can manifest at the phenotypic level through new characters or traits. The emergence of a large number of O. cumana races in a short period of time demonstrates that there are higher genetic variability in populations and a high ability to adapt in the face of environmental conditions. The aim of the research presented in this article was to study the intraand interpopulation genetic diversity and genetic relationships between individuals of three populations of O. cumana from different geographical regions of the People’s Republic of China based on molecular markers (ISSR and SSR). The high intrapopulation genetic variability calculated on the basis of the allelic diversity parameters and specific genetic diversity coefficients was revealed by SSR markers while as for the ISSR primers a high degree of genetic variations was found at the interpopulation level. UPGMA clustering and principal component analysis performed according to both sets of molecular markers allowed to devide all genotypes into 5 major groups for the degree of dissimilarity and level of aggression. This study is of interest in understanding the population genetic structure of the parasitic species of O. cumana from China and could contribute to the development of pathogen control durable strategies and effective sunflower breeding programs to broomrape resistance.

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Characterization of genetic variability among common bean genotypes by morphological descriptors

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332012000100010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 76-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marilene Santos de Lima ◽

José Eustáquio de Souza Carneiro ◽

Pedro Crescêncio Souza Carneiro ◽

Camila Santana Pereira ◽

Rogério Faria Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Common Bean ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Morphological Descriptors ◽

Germplasm Bank ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Genetic Dissimilarity

The purpose of this study was to characterize the genetic variability in 100 genotypes of the Active Germplasm Bank of common bean of the Federal University of Viçosa, by morphological descriptors, classify them in groups of genetic similarity and to identify the degree of relevance of descriptors of genetic divergence. The genotypes were evaluated based on 22 quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors. The high-yielding genotypes V 7936, Gold Gate, LM 95103904, 1829 S 349 Venezuela, and PF 9029975, CNFC 9454 and Fe 732015, with upright growth, have potential for use as parents in common bean breeding programs. By genetic divergence analysis, the genotypes were clustered in eight groups of genetic dissimilarity. By methods of principal components, 9 of the 22 descriptors were eliminated, for being redundant or little variable, suggesting that 10-20 morphological descriptors can be used in studies of characterization of genetic variation.

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Genetic similarity of Jatropha curcas accessions based on AFLP markers

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332010000400012 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 364-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Carlos Antonio Fernandes Santos ◽

Marcos Antonio Drumond ◽

Marciene Amorim Rodrigues ◽

Marcio Rannieri Viana Evangelista

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Aflp Marker ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Similarity Coefficient ◽

High Variability ◽

Upgma Dendrogram

The genetic relationships between accessions of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) were determined based on AFLP marker. A set of 50 plants from 12 accessions of J. curcas was analyzed with molecular data from 164 loci generated from 17 AFLP primer combinations. Molecular variance of data was analyzed by total decomposition between and within accessions. An UPGMA dendrogram was constructed based on genetic distances estimated by Jaccard's similarity coefficient. The well-defined dendrogram showed a cophenetic value of 0.91. Groups of plants were observed in six of the 12 accessions studied with similarity of over 30 %, indicating high genetic variability. The variation among accessions was estimated to be 0.275, also indicating high variability. These results show that the genetic variability of the studied J. curcas accessions is structured according to the origin and that a greater number of populations should be sampled to increase the genetic diversity of the studied genebank.

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