Financial Inclusion in the Europe and Central Asia Region: Recent Trends and a Research Agenda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asli Demirguc-Kunt ◽  
Bingjie Hu ◽  
Leora Klapper
2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550004 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHI KEUNG MARCO LAU ◽  
FU STEVE YANG ◽  
ZHE ZHANG ◽  
VINCENT K. K. LEUNG

Recent studies in the innovation literature show that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) enhances innovations in recipient countries through spill-over effects. In this paper we extend the existing literature by incorporating the corruption index in the estimation procedure. Using a cross-country analysis from the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region, covering 57 countries over the period of 1995–2010, we find no evidence of FDI spill-over effects on innovations, when corruption is endogenously modelled in the regression. Interestingly, we find that corruption and expenditure on education sector are positively related to the number of patents applications, suggesting anti-corruption programs encourage innovations that promote economic growth. Our study shed light on the national innovations and anti-corruption programs.


Author(s):  
Hakan Bal

This study examines the effects of asset tangibility, profitability, size and liquidity on capital structure (debt leverage) across the construction companies operating in in Europe and Central Asia region using the data between 1993 and 2019. The study documents that the capital structure and other financial ratios under study differ across countries, even in the same industry. Book leverage is found to be significantly negatively related to asset tangibility, profitability and liquidity in accordance with pecking order theory. In particular, fixed ratio has a negative effect on debt ratio in Russia and Romania, but no effect in other countries under study. The effect of size disappears when time dummy variables are introduced.


Author(s):  
Conrad Schetter

The chapter asks how the insights generated here can make a more general contribution to the future study of everyday security practices of marginalized groups. It emphasizes the importance of taking into account the factors of space and time when analyzing security. In particular, it supports calls to analyze security practices beyond the limiting framework of the 'nation-state'. A stronger focus on individual future-making activities may very much enrich security-related research. Moreover, the chapter asks to what extent the findings collected in this volume may similarly apply to marginalized – and often violently repressed – people in other parts of Central Asia.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Hudon ◽  
Marc Labie ◽  
Ariane Szafarz

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