Effects of Visible and Invisible Orofacial Defects on Self-Perception and Adjustment across Developmental Eras and Gender

Self-ratings of satisfaction with appearance and accomplishment of psychosocial tasks were examined by age and gender among school aged children with visible defects (cleft lip and/or palate, n = 272), or Invisible defects (cleft palate only, n = 159), and dental patients (n = 128) without clefts. Using weighted least squares ANOVA and logistic regressions, the results revealed that subjects with visible defects expressed greater dissatisfaction with their appearance than those subjects with invisible defects (p < .001). Subjects with Invisible defects consistently expressed lower problem solving ability than subjects with visible defects (p < .001) and dental patients with no defects (p < .05). Both groups with clefts expressed less social independence (p < .001); and subjects with clefts reported having more friends than other children (p < .01). Implications for clinicians and further research are discussed.

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Learning Disability, School Achievement, and Grade Retention among Children with Cleft: A Two-Center Study

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0127_ldsaag_2.3.co_2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 127-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Hillary L. Broder ◽

Lynn C. Richman ◽

Pamela B. Matheson

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Learning Disability ◽

Grade Retention ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

School Achievement ◽

Subject Group ◽

Age And Gender ◽

And Gender ◽

Center Study

Objective This study examined the prevalence of learning disability (LD), level of school achievement; and prevalence of grade retention by type of cleft and gender at two craniofacial centers. Setting The setting included two university-based craniofacial centers. Design/Patients Participants included 84 consecutively evaluated patients from one center who were matched by cleft type, age, and gender with 84 patients evaluated at the second center. Outcomes The outcomes included learning disability, school achievement, and grade retention. Results The results revealed that 46% of subjects with cleft had LD, 47% had deficient educational progress, and 27% had repeated a grade (excluding kindergarten) in school. Males with cleft palate only (CPO) had a significantly higher rate of LD than any other subject group. Males with CPO and females with cleft lip and palate (CLP) were more likely to repeat a grade in school than were females with CPO and males with CLP. Conclusions Children with cleft are at risk for learning disability, low school achievement, and grade retention.

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Perceptual Speech Outcomes After Early Primary Palatal Repair in Ugandan Patients With Cleft Palate

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/1055665620980249 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 105566562098024

Author(s):

Kim Bettens ◽

Laura Bruneel ◽

Cassandra Alighieri ◽

Daniel Sseremba ◽

Duncan Musasizib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleft Palate ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Speech Therapy ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Control Group ◽

English Speaking ◽

And Gender ◽

Early Primary ◽

Velopharyngeal Function ◽

Normal Speech

Objective: To provide speech outcomes of English-speaking Ugandan patients with a cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP±L). Design: Prospective case–control study. Setting: Referral hospital for patients with cleft lip and palate in Uganda. Participants: Twenty-four English-speaking Ugandan children with a CP±L (15 boys, 9 girls, mean 8.4 years) who received palatal closure prior to 6 months of age and an age- and gender-matched control group of Ugandan children without cleft palate. Interventions: Comparison of speech outcomes of the patient and control group. Main Outcome Measures: Perceptual speech outcomes including articulation, resonance, speech understandability and acceptability, and velopharyngeal composite score (VPC-sum). Information regarding speech therapy, fistula rate, and secondary surgery. Results: Normal speech understandability was observed in 42% of the patients, and 38% were judged with normal speech acceptability. Only 16% showed compensatory articulation. Acceptable resonance was found in 71%, and 75% of the patients were judged perceptually to present with competent velopharyngeal function based on the VPC-sum. Additional speech intervention was recommended in 25% of the patients. Statistically significant differences for all these variables were still observed with the control children ( P < .05). Conclusions: Overall, acceptable speech outcomes were found after early primary palatal closure. Comparable or even better results were found in comparison with international benchmarks, especially regarding the presence of compensatory articulation. Whether this approach is transferable to Western countries is the subject for further research.

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Habilitation of Patients with Clefts: Parent and Child Ratings of Satisfaction with Appearance and Speech

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1992_029_0262_hopwcp_2.3.co_2 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 262-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Hillary L. Broder ◽

Fraser B. Smith ◽

Ronald P. Strauss

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Cleft Palate ◽

Age Differences ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Facial Appearance ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Speech Performance ◽

Female Subjects ◽

Parent Child

This study examined ratings regarding satisfaction with facial appearance and speech performance from 495 parent-child pairs. Data were obtained from school-aged children (5–18 years old) and their parents using standardized independent interviews. Results revealed that 54 percent of the children with cleft lip (CL) or cleft lip and palate (CLP) were very pleased with their appearance, and 62 percent of the cleft palate or CLP subjects were very pleased with speech. Low, but statistically significant correlations exist between the female subjects and their parents in satisfaction with appearance. Although older cleft lip and/or palate patients reported increased satisfaction with speech, no age differences in patient satisfaction with appearance were observed in subjects with CL/CLP. Parents of females expressed more concern about their daughters' appearance than parents of males, while parents of males were more concerned about speech. Implications for craniofacial habilitation teams and research suggestions are discussed.

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Evaluation of adhd symptoms in a general sample of schoolers from 6 to 18 years old and their parents: the chip-ard study

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71980-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 270-270

Author(s):

H.M.O. Caci

Keyword(s):

Rating Scales ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Genetic Transmission ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

And Gender ◽

Original Objective ◽

Teachers And Parents ◽

The City ◽

Optical Recognition

IntroductionAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects up to 5% of the school-aged children and adolescents, and to up 3% of the adults. The condition is dramatically more frequent in parents of affected children (about 30% of prevalence), therefore crediting the genetic transmission of the disorder.ObjectivesOur study was designed to increase the awareness of the disorder among teachers and parents, and to collect data for validating available rating scales for the French general population.AimsTo include up to 200 children for each year of age ranging for 5 to 18, and to collect data about their behaviour at school (rated by teachers) and at home (rated by parents). Additionally, questionnaires were filled out by the parents to rate their own symptoms. Comorbidity and related disorders were also a concern.MethodsA sample of schools was randomly selected in the city of Nice (France) and up to 4 children were randomly selected in each class. The children were included only after they and their parents gave their informed consent. Teachers rated the child behaviour on a secured website. Paper questionnaires were scanned for optical recognition.ResultsIn three months, 715 children were included and 847 parents returned their questionnaires. Preliminary analyses show that ADHD rating scales can be accurately scored by teachers and parents. References intervals need to be computed with regard of age and gender, for both children and adults.ConclusionsThe ChiP-ARD study will be reconducted in 2010-2011 to reach our original objective of 2600 children.

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Midfacial Growth in a Consecutive Series of Preadolescent Children with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate following a One-Stage Simultaneous Repair

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/07-174.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 667-673 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Piotr Fudalej ◽

Barbara Obloj ◽

Dorota Miller-Drabikowska ◽

Anna Samarcew-Krawczak ◽

Zofia Dudkiewicz

Keyword(s):

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Consecutive Series ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Prepubertal Children ◽

One Stage ◽

Lateral Cephalograms ◽

And Gender ◽

Posterior Position

Objective: To evaluate midfacial growth in prepubertal children with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate following one-stage simultaneous repair. Subjects: A series of 28 consecutively treated subjects with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate were compared with age- and gender-matched controls with normal midfacial structure. Methods: On the lateral cephalograms taken at the age of approximately 10 years, size and position of the maxilla and upper dental arch were evaluated in vertical and horizontal planes. Statistical analysis included independent t tests and nonparametric Mann-Whitney tests. Results: The maxilla was found to be retruded (sella-nasion-point A angle decreased by 4.5° and nasion to point A distance increased by 4.2 mm) and rotated posteriorly (sella-nasion/palatal plane angle decreased by 4.5°) in the cleft group. Maxillary length (pterygomaxillare-point A distance) was diminished by approximately 2 mm. Upper incisors were found retroclined in comparison to controls (both upper incisor axis/sella-nasion and upper incisor axis/palatal plane angles were decreased by 10.7° and 6.1°, respectively). Conclusion: Maxillary prominence, as measured with the sella-nasion-point A angle and the condylion-point A and articulare-point A distances, was decreased. Shortened length and posterior position of the maxillary body were responsible at a ratio of 60% to 40% for a decreased prominence of the maxillary complex. The palatal plane demonstrated a larger inclination to the sella-nasion plane by 4.5° due to a decreased sella-posterior nasal spine distance.

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Comparative analysis of pubertal growth spurt predictors: Martins and Sakima method and Grave and Brown method

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572005000100012 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 58-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Karina Emy Iguma ◽

Orivaldo Tavano ◽

Izabel Maria Marchi de Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Female Gender ◽

Male Gender ◽

Growth Spurt ◽

Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Pubertal Growth ◽

And Gender ◽

Initial Peak

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Martins and Sakima and Grave and Brown methods are useful for the study of pubertal growth spurt in children with cleft lip and palate. A total of 132 hand-wrist radiographs of patients from HRAC/USP aged 7 to 17 years old were analyzed, including girls and boys. Six radiographs of each age and gender were employed. These methods were applied to evaluating the stages of the hand-wrist ossification and epiphyseal formation, by graphic representation. The Martins and Sakima and the Grave and Brown methods revealed that the initial, peak and final stages of pubertal growth spurt occurred between 9 to 10, 12 and 15 years old, respectively, in the female gender. Similarly, in the male gender, both Martins and Sakima and Grave and Brown methods showed similar mean ages: 12, 14 and 16 years old for initial, peak and final stages of pubertal growth spurt, respectively. The Pearson's correlation test showed high and significant correlation (r = 0.99 and p < 0.001) between the methods investigated. In conclusion, the methods appeared to be highly and significantly correlated as regards the analysis of children with cleft lip and palate. Moreover, based on the literature and present results, it is possible to suggest that the two methods have shown similar pattern and may be used with equal efficiency for assessment of the pubertal growth spurt in children with cleft lip and palate.

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Prevalence of Medical Conditions Among Patients Attending Dental Teaching Clinics in Northern Jordan

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-8-1-60 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 60-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yousef Saleh Khader ◽

Oula Alsaeed ◽

Samar Zaal Burgan ◽

Zouhair Odeh Amarin

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Gastrointestinal Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Medical Conditions ◽

Dental Procedure ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Dental Patients ◽

And Gender ◽

Teaching Clinics ◽

Northern Jordan

Abstract Aim This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of self reported medical conditions among dental patients attending dental teaching clinics in north Jordan. Methods and Materials A total of 1,509 patients were included, of which 46.1% were males and 53.9% were females. All age groups were included and ranged between 14 and 78 years. The findings were analyzed in relation to age and gender. Results Overall, gastrointestinal disease was most prevalent (11.9%), followed by bleeding tendencies (9.3%), renal disorders (8.7%), respiratory disease (8.3%), and hypertension (6.4%). Only 3.2% of the participants reported having antibiotics prescribed for them prior to a dental procedure for prophylactic purposes. Conclusion Due to the high frequency of medical conditions, thorough evaluation of patients’ medical and dental care histories should be a mandatory first step in their management. Citation Khader YS, Alsaeed O, Burgan SZ, Amarin ZO. Prevalence of Medical Conditions Among Patients Attending Dental Teaching Clinics in Northern Jordan. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 January;(8)1:060-067.

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