A horizontally transferred gene enables arthropods to detoxify cyanide, a common plant defense compound

Biological Efficacy of Cochlioquinone-9, a Natural Plant Defense Compound for White-Backed Planthopper Control in Rice

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10121273 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1273

Author(s):

Yoon-Hee Jang ◽

Sopheap Yun ◽

Jae-Ryoung Park ◽

Eun-Gyeong Kim ◽

Byoung-Ju Yun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Defense ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Biotic Stresses ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Defense Compound ◽

Global Food ◽

Insight Into ◽

Global Food Supply

Rice is exposed to various biotic stresses in the natural environment. The white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera, WBPH) is a pest that causes loss of rice yield and threatens the global food supply. In most cases, pesticides are used to control WBPH. However, excessive use of pesticides increases pesticide resistance to pests and causes environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop natural product-based pesticides to control WBPH. Plants produce a variety of secondary metabolites for protection. Secondary metabolites act as a defense against pathogens and pests and are valuable as pesticides and breeding materials. Cochlioquinone is a secondary metabolite that exhibits various biological activities, has a negative effect on the growth and development of insects, and contributes to plant defense. Here, we compared plant growth after treatment with cochlioquinone-9 (cq-9), a quinone family member. cq-9 improved the ability of plants to resist WBPH and had an effect on plant growth. Gene expression analysis revealed that cq-9 interacts with various defense-related genes to confer resistance to WBPH, suggesting that it is related to flavonoid compounds. Overall, this study provides insight into the mechanisms of WBPH resistance and suggests that cq-9 represents an environmentally friendly agent for WBPH control.

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Pathogen-Induced Accumulation of an Ellagitannin Elicits Plant Defense Response

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-12-11-0306 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 1430-1439 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Alicia Mamaní ◽

María Paula Filippone ◽

Carlos Grellet ◽

Björn Welin ◽

Atilio Pedro Castagnaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Plant Defense ◽

Defense Response ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Pathogen Resistance ◽

Plant Defense Response ◽

Plant Leaves ◽

Incompatible Interaction ◽

Callose Deposition ◽

Common Plant

In an incompatible interaction between Colletotrichum fragariae and strawberry plants, the accumulation of phenolic compounds in plant leaves was observed. A particularly abundant penta-esterified ellagitannin that accumulated in response to pathogen attack was identified as 1-0-galloyl-2,3;4,6-bis-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-d-glucopyranose (HeT) by mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. Foliar application of purified HeT prior to inoculation with a virulent pathogen was shown to increase resistance toward C. acutatum in strawberry plants and to Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri in lemon plants. The induced resistance in strawberry was associated with a rapid oxidative burst, callose deposition, a transient increase of salicylic acid in phloem, and induction of gene expression responsive to salicylic acid. Results obtained suggested that HeT could be a common plant defense response molecule capable of inducing pathogen resistance in different plant species.

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