scholarly journals Recovery Processes after Leaf Cutting in Cereals and Forage Grasses : II. Regrowth of organs of rice plant for a short period after defoliation and concomitant change of reserve starch content during recovery

1969 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Kanoe SATO
Keyword(s):  
Rice Plant ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Concomitant Change ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Leaf Cutting

Reduced Starch Content and Sucrose Synthase Activity in Developing Endosperm of Barley Plants Grown at Elevated Temperatures

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
LC MacLeod ◽  
CM Duffus
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Irreversible Reduction ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cleavage Enzyme ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Sucrose Cleavage

Starch accumulation is reduced when endosperms develop at elevated temperatures. Reduced starch deposition does not appear to be due to limiting assimilate levels during the grain filling period; on the contrary, endosperm sucrose may even be increased at the elevated temperature. Results indicate that elevated temperatures significantly reduce the activity of the sucrose cleavage enzyme UDPsucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13), found in the endosperm during grain development, and that these effects may be initiated by a relatively short period of thermal stress applied close to anthesis. It would appear that, when developing barley ears are exposed to elevated temperatures, there is an irreversible reduction in the capacity of the endosperm to convert sucrose to starch, caused by a decrease in the activity of at least one of the enzymes involved in this conversion pathway.

Interrelationships of vegetative growth and assimilate distribution of Citrus limettioides seedlings in response to root-applied GA3 and SADH

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. Ben-Gad ◽  
A. Altman ◽  
S. P. Monselise
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Uniform Elongation ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Short Period ◽  
High Elongation ◽  
Vigorous Growth ◽  
Root Tissues

The effects of root-applied GA3 or SADH on vegetative growth, distribution of 14C-labelled assimilates, and starch content of various organs of Citrus limettioides seedlings were investigated. In contrast with the uniform elongation rate of control seedlings, GA3 induced an initial high elongation rate which later dropped to the level of the control, resulting in considerably longer seedlings. Final leaf area was drastically reduced by GA3 root treatment, which also induced both earlier appearance of thorns and more and shorter thorns per seedlings. Elongation rate of SADH-treated seedlings was initially retarded, but vigorous growth was later resumed for a short period, causing treated seedlings to be eventually similar to, or slightly longer than, controls. SADH did not affect the number and timing of thorn emergence but considerably promoted their elongation.The effect of GA3 and SADH on the vegetative growth was closely related to their differential effects on distribution of assimilates and starch in shoot and root tissues. A high growth rate was characterized by an increased supply of 14C-labelled assimilates to shoot organs and especially to buds as well as by a greater utilization of starch. The opposite was found in the root system, resulting in a significant modification of shoot–root ratios of both 14C-Iabelled assimilates and starch. The changes in 14C-labelled assimilates and starch usually preceded changes in growth, thus suggesting that GA3 and SADH effects on growth are mediated via their effects on the activity of apical sinks.

Biological Control of Leaf-Cutting Ants Using Forage Grasses: Nest Characteristics and Fungus Growth

2001 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Michels ◽  
N. Cromme ◽  
A. Glatzle ◽  
R. Schultze-Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Fungus Growth
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