EFFECTS OF HYDROCORTISONE AND ADRENALECTOMY ON THE ACTIVITY OF MAMMALIAN EPIDERMAL MELANOCYTES

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. SNELL
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Hydrocortisone Acetate ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vertical Sections

SUMMARY The effect of hydrocortisone acetate and adrenalectomy on the melanocytes and melanin in the skin of the anterior abdominal wall has been studied in pure black and pure red male guinea-pigs. The hormone was injected subcutaneously in doses of 1·6, 5 and 12·5 mg./day for 1 month into intact guinea-pigs and in doses of 2·5 mg./day into adrenalectomized guinea-pigs. Biopsy specimens of skin were taken before and after the hormone treatment and were processed with the Dopa reagent; both skin sheets and vertical sections were examined. In the adrenalectomized animals a further specimen of skin was taken some time after the cessation of the hormone treatment. Hydrocortisone and adrenalectomy produced no effect on the activity of the melanocytes. A statistical analysis of the melanocyte counts showed no change.

THE EFFECT OF CORTICOTROPHIN ON THE ACTIVITY OF MAMMALIAN EPIDERMAL MELANOCYTES

1963 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. SNELL
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Commercial Preparation ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Suprarenal Gland

SUMMARY 1. The effect of a commercial preparation of corticotrophin (Acthar gel, Armour Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.) on the melanocytes and melanin in the skin of the anterior abdominal wall and areola has been studied in pure black and pure red male guinea-pigs. The hormone was injected subcutaneously in a dose of 0·4 i.u. once daily 5 days/week for 1 month. 2. The hormone produced a marked reduction in the amount of melanin in the melanocytes; the greatest effect was seen in the skin of the anterior abdominal wall. In half the specimens the amount of free melanin was also reduced. There was a tendency for a slight increase of the length and complexity of the dendritic processes. A statistical analysis of the melanocyte counts showed no change. 3. It is concluded that in the intact mammal corticotrophin inhibits melanogenesis probably indirectly by the release of cortisol from the suprarenal gland.

A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF OVARIECTOMY, OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE ON THE MELANOCYTES AND MELANIN IN THE SKIN OF THE FEMALE GUINEA-PIG

1960 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. BISCHITZ ◽  
R. S. SNELL
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Cell Contour ◽  
Cell Collapse

SUMMARY 1. The effects of ovariectomy, oestrogen and progesterone on the melanocytes and melanin in the skin of the ear, anterior abdominal wall, areola, and sole of foot have been studied in pure black and pure red guinea-pigs. 2. Following ovariectomy the melanin content of the melanocytes was reduced and many of the melanocytes became smaller in size and had shortened dendritic processes. Some melanocytes had a deformed appearance, which varied from a minor irregularity of the cell contour to an advanced degree of cell collapse with fragmentation of the dendritic processes. A significant reduction of the melanocyte count occurred only in the areola, and this was accompanied by a reduction in the amount of free melanin. 3. In the ovariectomized animals which received oestrogen the amount of melanin was increased both inside and outside the melanocytes in all the regions. The greatest increase occurred in the areola where it was mainly due to a large increase of free melanin. In the nonsexual skin areas there was a smaller increase of free melanin but a greater increase in melanin within the melanocytes. No statistically significant changes in the counts were produced in any of the skin regions. 4. In the ovariectomized animals which received progesterone the amount and depth of colour of the melanin increased both within and outside the melanocytes and this was most marked in the ear. No statistically significant changes in the counts were produced in any of the skin regions. The general effect produced by progesterone was found to be less than that which occurred after oestrogen.

EFFECT OF THE MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE OF THE PITUITARY ON MELANOCYTES AND MELANIN IN THE SKIN OF GUINEA-PIGS

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. SNELL
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Histological Investigation ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY 1. The effect of beta melanocyte stimulating hormone (β-m.s.h.) extracted from the posterior pituitary of the hog, on the melanocytes and melanin in the skin of the ear, anterior abdominal wall, areola and sole of foot has been studied in pure black and pure red intact male and ovariectomized female guinea-pigs. The hormone was injected subcutaneously twice daily 5 days/week for 1 month. 2. Apart from a slight increase in the pigmentation of the skin of the anterior abdominal wall and areola of one male guinea-pig, no obvious changes were noted microscopically. 3. Histological investigation showed that the hormone caused an increase in the length, width and complexity of the dendritic processes and that this was accompanied by an increase in the amount of melanin present within the processes. In the skin of the anterior abdominal wall numbers of melanocytes were significantly raised and the amount of free melanin was increased. In many of the animals the amount of melanin present within the cell bodies of the melanocytes was increased in all the skin regions and in some of these this was associated with an increase in size of the cell body. 4. The hormone produced its greatest effect on the melanocytes in males.

scholarly journals Morpho-functional assessment of different methods of separation of the abdominal wall at increasing abdominal cavity

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452
Author(s):  
S. G. Shapovalyants ◽  
A. I. Mikhalev ◽  
L. M. Mikhaleva ◽  
T. G. Dzavaryan ◽  
M. M. Pulatov
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Rectus Sheath ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Cavity Volume ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Release ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ventral Hernias

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different methods of anterior abdominal wall separation on the increasion of the abdominal cavity volume (ACV) for the prevention of compartment sindrome. The effect of Novitsky posterior separation (Transversus Abdominis Release – TAR), Ramirez anterior separation and Ramirez anterior separation with the mobilization of posterior wall rectus sheath (R+MPRS) on increase ACV was studied. The study was conducted on autopsy materials of 30 non-fixed corpses. In the first part of investigation the results of Novitsky operation have been studied (n=10), in the second part – of Ramirez operation (n=10) and in the third part – R+MPRS (n=10). The ACV have been determined before and after surgery and the degree of it’s increasion after each operation have been counted. In Ramiraz's separation the average of ACV before the operation was 3.2±0.2 L, after the operation – 4.06±0.2 L with an average increasion in volume of 27.8±2.6%. In Novitsky operation the average of ACV before the operation was 3.1±0.1 L, after the operation – 3.9±0.1 L, with an average increasion of 24.2±1.7%. In Ramiraz + MPRS the average of ACV before the operation was 3.1±0.08 L, after the operation – 4.7±0.22 L with an average increasion of 49.8±4.6%. The study revealed different effects of the three types seperation of the abdominal wall on increasion the ACV. The operation of Ramiraz+ MPRS has the greatest effect on the increasion the ACV (49.8±4.6). The results were successfully used in the choice of the type of operation in 8 patients with large ventral hernias.

scholarly journals Hydatid cysts in the outpatient practice of a surgeon

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
D. V. Pakhnov ◽  
G. D. Odishelashvili ◽  
L. G. Odishelashvili
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Outpatient Practice

Introduction. The hydatid form of echinococcal disease of EB is a rather urgent problem and over time the degree of its significance does not decrease. The main target organ is the liver, according to various authors, it accounts for up to 84% of all clinical observations. The probability of lung tissue involvement in the pathological process is 15%. Echinococcosis of other organs and tissues, as well as a combined lesion occurs in 25% of cases. Lesion of echinococcosis of muscle tissue is observed in 0.7–0.9% of all cases. The main method of treatment at present is surgery with its various options such as echinococcectomy, pericystectomy, resection.Objective. To demonstrate on the available clinical example the feasibility of using surgical treatment of EB of rare localization in the area on the anterior abdominal wall.Materials and methods. The result of treatment of a patient with echinococcosis of rare localization on the anterior abdominal wall is presented. The diagnosis is established in accordance with the available clinical recommendations. The examination was carried out using a standard set of clinical metols, and included: collection, analysis of complaints, as well as an anamnesis of life and disease. Standard clinical and biochemical studies were performed.Results. The hydatid form of echinococcosis with localization on the anterior abdominal wall is a rather rare pathology. However, treatment issues and diagnostic difficulties are quite relevant for doctors of various specialties. As a result of this clinical observation and the treatment, the patient recovered; after 17 months there was no data for a relapse of the disease.Conclusion. 1. Timely diagnosis of hydatid echinococcosis of any localization is fundamental in improving the results of treatment of this category of patients. 2. A multidisciplinary approach in the selection of therapeutic tactics, namely the appointment of chemotherapeutic effects before and after surgery, an active surgical one, allows to achieve a good therapeutic result.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF CONNECTIVE INSUFFICIENCY AND SIZES OF MEDIAN HERNIAS ON BEFORE AND POSTOPERATIVE FUNCTION OF THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
R. I. Railianu ◽  
G. I. Podoliniy ◽  
A. V. Marshaluk
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Postoperative Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clinically Significant

The article analyzes the results of electromyography of the abdominal muscles in 189 patients with median postoperative hernia of the anterior abdominal wall of different sizes before and after the combined methods of hernioplasty, including considering the level of connective tissue failure. In the preoperative period, electromyography was performed in 69 (36,6%), after combined hernioplasty, 120 (63,4%) patients. The patients were divided into a group of 161 (85,1%) patients with clinically significant or histologically confirmed connective tissue insufficiency and into a group of 28 (14,9%) patients without it. The distribution of patients in the examination groups was carried out using an original method of assessing the degree of deviation of collagen fibers from the projection of the Langer lines in microscopic specimens of the skin areas excised during the operation and based on the results of a retrospective analysis of case histories with determination of the intraoperative adhesions of the adhesions in the abdominal cavity or hernial sac. In the formed groups, we studied the amplitude, frequency, front and area of electromyograms obtained from the direct and lateral muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. It was found that in patients with median postoperative hernias, mesenchymal dysplasia was the main reason for the decrease in functional activity and the imbalance of forces between the direct and lateral abdominal muscles. Optimal restoration of electroactivity of the abdominal muscles after combined hernioplasty occurred among patients without clinically significant connective tissue insufficiency. When reaching a giant postoperative hernia of gigantic size in patients with a clinically significant level of connective tissue dysplasia, the functioning of the abdominal muscles decreased by 26%, and in patients without it only by 15%. The pathology of collagen in skin grafts excised during surgery was detected in 91,5% of patients with mid-incisional hernias.

Determination of clinical efficiency of deproteinized dialysate from blood of milk-fed calves after endoprosthetics in patients with ventral hernias

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-333
Author(s):  
Sergej V. Ivanov ◽  
Ilya S. Ivanov ◽  
Evgenij G. Obyedkov ◽  
Liliya P. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Inflammatory Reaction ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Regeneration Stage

Aim. To study the influence of deproteinized dialysate from blood of milk-fed calves on the type of exudative discharge and dynamics of inflammatory reaction after hernia repair with plastics of the anterior abdominal wall with hernioendoprosthesis of polypropylene. Materials and Methods. The study involved 59 patients being on stationary treatment in the surgical department of Kursk Regional Clinical Hospital. Patients were hospitalized for the herniation of small or medium dimension. The patients were divided to two groups: the main (n=30) and control (n=29) groups. After endoprosthetics, the patients of the control group were given complex conservative treatment. The patients of the main group, besides standard treatment, were administered deproteinized dialysate from blood of milk-fed calves intravenously in drips 10 ml + 200 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution within 7 days. For cytological examination and determination of the type of cytograms, the traumatic discharge was collected and analyzed using the method of M.F. Kamaev and M.A. Palthsev. Results. Cytomorphometric examination was conducted on the third, fifth and seventh day after endoprosthetics with the aim of studying dynamic changes. Determination of cell composition and also of its changes characteristic of each studied period, was necessary for obtaining further information characterizing inflammatory process in the region of placement of the endoprosthesis. After endoprosthetics in patients who were administered hemodialysate, the inflammatory reaction was less pronounced than in patients who did not receive the preparation. This was associated with a more dynamic change of stages of the inflammatory process. In patients of the main group who received deproteinized dialysate, regenerative type of inflammation first appeared on the fifth day and made 6.9%; by the seventh day the share of patients with the regenerative type rose to 17.5%, while in the patients of the control group no regeneration stage was observed in both periods. Conclusion. Analysis of the efficiency of influence of hemodialysate on the inflammatory reaction in plastics of the anterior abdominal wall with polypropylene endoprosthesis evidences faster course of all stages of inflammation and reduction of its intensity by 10%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document