scholarly journals EFFECT OF CONNECTIVE INSUFFICIENCY AND SIZES OF MEDIAN HERNIAS ON BEFORE AND POSTOPERATIVE FUNCTION OF THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
R. I. Railianu ◽  
G. I. Podoliniy ◽  
A. V. Marshaluk
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Postoperative Function ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clinically Significant

The article analyzes the results of electromyography of the abdominal muscles in 189 patients with median postoperative hernia of the anterior abdominal wall of different sizes before and after the combined methods of hernioplasty, including considering the level of connective tissue failure. In the preoperative period, electromyography was performed in 69 (36,6%), after combined hernioplasty, 120 (63,4%) patients. The patients were divided into a group of 161 (85,1%) patients with clinically significant or histologically confirmed connective tissue insufficiency and into a group of 28 (14,9%) patients without it. The distribution of patients in the examination groups was carried out using an original method of assessing the degree of deviation of collagen fibers from the projection of the Langer lines in microscopic specimens of the skin areas excised during the operation and based on the results of a retrospective analysis of case histories with determination of the intraoperative adhesions of the adhesions in the abdominal cavity or hernial sac. In the formed groups, we studied the amplitude, frequency, front and area of electromyograms obtained from the direct and lateral muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. It was found that in patients with median postoperative hernias, mesenchymal dysplasia was the main reason for the decrease in functional activity and the imbalance of forces between the direct and lateral abdominal muscles. Optimal restoration of electroactivity of the abdominal muscles after combined hernioplasty occurred among patients without clinically significant connective tissue insufficiency. When reaching a giant postoperative hernia of gigantic size in patients with a clinically significant level of connective tissue dysplasia, the functioning of the abdominal muscles decreased by 26%, and in patients without it only by 15%. The pathology of collagen in skin grafts excised during surgery was detected in 91,5% of patients with mid-incisional hernias.

scholarly journals Electrical function of the abdominal muscles after combined plastic of extensive median hernias in the context of connective tissue dysplasia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Radu Railianu
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Abdominal Hernias ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Optimal Rehabilitation ◽  
Relaxing Effect

Relevance. Improving the electrical function of abdominal muscles in patients with extensive median hernias of the anterior abdominal wall can be facilitated by optimizing the choice of methods for combined hernioplasty, taking into account the clinical severity of connective tissue dysplasia among the hernia carriers. Objective. Study the electrical function of abdominal muscles after the methods of combined hernioplasty of extensive median hernias, taking into account the severity of connective tissue dysplasia among the hernia carriers. Results.  The average numbers of electromyogram frequencies of the abdominal muscles of patients with extensive median hernias from the group without clinical signs of connective tissue dysplasia were almost the same after all the applied methods of combined hernioplasty. The predominance of the rectus muscles electric function over the lateral abdominal muscles among the patients of this group was 33,5 %. Electrofunctional rehabilitation of the abdominal muscles of patients in the second group of examinations depended on the method of combined hernioplasty and changed in the event of an increase or decrease in the severity of connective tissue dysplasia.  The recovery of electroactivity of abdominal muscles in the postoperative period in patients from the second group was more significant with an increase in the number of abdominal muscles applied to aponeuroses and vagina of relaxing sections, which contributed to an increase in mobility and contractility of the musculoaponeurotic layers of the anterior abdominal wall. Conclusions. Thus, with an increase in the severity of connective tissue dysplasia in patients with extensive median abdominal hernias, the method of combined hernioplasty with the most pronounced relaxing effect in relation to the anterior abdominal wall promoted optimal rehabilitation of abdominal muscles.

scholarly journals A TISSUE REACTION TO COMBINED HERNIA PROSTHESIS AT DIFFERENT POSTOPERATIVE P

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Valery Nikolskiy ◽  
Ekaterina Titova ◽  
Yaroslav Feoktistov ◽  
Vladislav Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Morphological Response ◽  
Polyester Mesh ◽  
Morphometric Assessment

Our experimental study shows a morphological response of the anterior abdominal wall to implantation of a combined (bovine pericardium graft and polyester mesh) hernia prosthesis. For this purpose, fifteen chinchillas were operated on. A combined prosthesis was implanted intra-abdominally, where the pericardium graft adjoined the internal organs with the smooth side, while the synthetic material was facing the peritoneum. Morphological and morphometric assessment of the tissue in the area of implantation of the prosthesis was carried out. Morphology of tissues samples was evaluated in 2 weeks, in 1 month and in 2 months after surgery. Our study revealed that the combined prosthesis implanted in the anterior abdominal wall causes an acute inflammatory response, which progresses within a month after the surgery. However, the signs of inflammation reduced at the end of the second month of the experiment. A new connective tissue grew actively into the implant from the side of the polyester mesh. The pericardium graft adjacent to the abdominal cavity with the smooth side did not cause formation of connective tissue. Thus, the combined hernia prosthesis has protected the abdominal cavity from adhesions in the postoperative period.

scholarly journals Morpho-functional assessment of different methods of separation of the abdominal wall at increasing abdominal cavity

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452
Author(s):  
S. G. Shapovalyants ◽  
A. I. Mikhalev ◽  
L. M. Mikhaleva ◽  
T. G. Dzavaryan ◽  
M. M. Pulatov
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Rectus Sheath ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Cavity Volume ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Release ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ventral Hernias

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different methods of anterior abdominal wall separation on the increasion of the abdominal cavity volume (ACV) for the prevention of compartment sindrome. The effect of Novitsky posterior separation (Transversus Abdominis Release – TAR), Ramirez anterior separation and Ramirez anterior separation with the mobilization of posterior wall rectus sheath (R+MPRS) on increase ACV was studied. The study was conducted on autopsy materials of 30 non-fixed corpses. In the first part of investigation the results of Novitsky operation have been studied (n=10), in the second part – of Ramirez operation (n=10) and in the third part – R+MPRS (n=10). The ACV have been determined before and after surgery and the degree of it’s increasion after each operation have been counted. In Ramiraz's separation the average of ACV before the operation was 3.2±0.2 L, after the operation – 4.06±0.2 L with an average increasion in volume of 27.8±2.6%. In Novitsky operation the average of ACV before the operation was 3.1±0.1 L, after the operation – 3.9±0.1 L, with an average increasion of 24.2±1.7%. In Ramiraz + MPRS the average of ACV before the operation was 3.1±0.08 L, after the operation – 4.7±0.22 L with an average increasion of 49.8±4.6%. The study revealed different effects of the three types seperation of the abdominal wall on increasion the ACV. The operation of Ramiraz+ MPRS has the greatest effect on the increasion the ACV (49.8±4.6). The results were successfully used in the choice of the type of operation in 8 patients with large ventral hernias.

Effects of postural changes and vestibular lesions on diaphragm and rectus abdominis activity in awake cats

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Cotter ◽  
H. E. Arendt ◽  
J. G. Jasko ◽  
C. Sprando ◽  
S. P. Cass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vestibular System ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Awake Cats

Changes in posture can affect the resting length of the diaphragm, requiring alterations in the activity of both the abdominal muscles and the diaphragm to maintain stable ventilation. To determine the role of the vestibular system in regulating respiratory muscle discharges during postural changes, spontaneous diaphragm and rectus abdominis activity and modulation of the firing of these muscles during nose-up and ear-down tilt were compared before and after removal of labyrinthine inputs in awake cats. In vestibular-intact animals, nose-up and ear-down tilts from the prone position altered rectus abdominis firing, whereas the effects of body rotation on diaphragm activity were not statistically significant. After peripheral vestibular lesions, spontaneous diaphragm and rectus abdominis discharges increased significantly (by ∼170%), and augmentation of rectus abdominis activity during nose-up body rotation was diminished. However, spontaneous muscle activity and responses to tilt began to recover after a few days after the lesions, presumably because of plasticity in the central vestibular system. These data suggest that the vestibular system provides tonic inhibitory influences on rectus abdominis and the diaphragm and in addition contributes to eliciting increases in abdominal muscle activity during some changes in body orientation.

Expiratory abdominal muscle activity during ventilatory chemostimulation in piglets

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1343-1349 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Watchko ◽  
T. L. O'Day ◽  
B. S. Brozanski ◽  
R. D. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Vagal Afferents ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Afferent Pathways ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cervical Vagotomy ◽  
Time Average

We examined abdominal muscle minute electromyographic (EMG) activity (peak moving time average EMG x respiratory rate) during eupnea, hyperoxic hypercapnia (8% CO2-40% O2-balance N2), and hypoxia (13% O2) in 12 anesthetized (0.5% halothane) newborn piglets. In addition, we assessed the role of vagal afferent pathways in the abdominal muscles' response to ventilatory chemostimulation by examining abdominal EMG activity (EMGab) before and after bilateral cervical vagotomy in five animals. Phasic expiratory EMGab was observed in 11 of 12 piglets during eupnea. Hypercapnia was associated with a sustained augmentation of minute EMGab (444 +/- 208% control). In contrast, hypoxia consistently augmented (1 min, 193 +/- 33% control) then diminished (5 min, 126 +/- 39% control) minute EMGab. Vagotomy resulted in a decline in peak moving time average EMGab by approximately one-half (48 +/- 18% control); the abdominal muscles' response to ventilatory chemostimulation, however, was qualitatively unchanged. We conclude that 1) expiration during eupnea in anesthetized newborn piglets is associated with phasic EMGab; 2) both hypercapnia and hypoxia augment minute EMGab; however, only hypercapnia is associated with sustained augmentation; and 3) although vagal afferents have a role in modulating the base-line level of EMGab, other extravagal mechanisms appear to determine the pattern of EMGab in response to ventilatory chemostimulation.

Surgical Anatomy of the Retroperitoneal Spaces Part II: The Architecture of the Retroperitoneal Space

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Mirilas ◽  
John E. Skandalakis
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Preperitoneal Space ◽  
Renal Fascia ◽  
Pelvic Wall ◽  
Prevesical Space

The extraperitoneal space extends between peritoneum and investing fascia of muscles of anterior, lateral and posterior abdominal and pelvic walls, and circumferentially surrounds the abdominal cavity. The retroperitoneum, which is confined to the posterior and lateral abdominal and pelvic wall, may be divided into three surgicoanatomic zones: centromedial, lateral (right and left), and pelvic. The preperitoneal space is confined to the anterior abdominal wall and the subperitoneal extraperitoneal space to the pelvis. In the extraperitoneal tissue, condensation fascias delineate peri- and parasplanchnic spaces. The former are between organs and condensation fasciae, the latter between this fascia and investing fascia of neighboring muscles of the wall. Thus, perirenal space is encircled by renal fascia, and pararenal is exterior to renal fascia. Similarly for the urinary bladder, paravesical space is between the umbilical prevesical fascia and fascia of the pelvic wall muscles—the prevesical space is its anterior part, between transversalis and umbilical prevesical fascia. For the rectum, the “mesorectum” describes the extraperitoneal tissue bound by the mesorectal condensation fascia, and the pararectal space is between the latter and the muscles of the pelvic wall. Perisplanchnic spaces are closed, except for neurovascular pedicles. Prevesical and pararectal (presacral) and posterior pararenal spaces are in the same anatomical level and communicate. Anterior to the anterior layer of the renal fascia, the anterior interfascial plane (superimposed and fused mesenteries of pancreas, duodenum, and colon) permits communication across the midline. Thus parasplanchnic extraperitoneal spaces of abdomen and pelvis communicate with each other and across the midline.

EFFECTS OF HYDROCORTISONE AND ADRENALECTOMY ON THE ACTIVITY OF MAMMALIAN EPIDERMAL MELANOCYTES

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. SNELL
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Hydrocortisone Acetate ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vertical Sections

SUMMARY The effect of hydrocortisone acetate and adrenalectomy on the melanocytes and melanin in the skin of the anterior abdominal wall has been studied in pure black and pure red male guinea-pigs. The hormone was injected subcutaneously in doses of 1·6, 5 and 12·5 mg./day for 1 month into intact guinea-pigs and in doses of 2·5 mg./day into adrenalectomized guinea-pigs. Biopsy specimens of skin were taken before and after the hormone treatment and were processed with the Dopa reagent; both skin sheets and vertical sections were examined. In the adrenalectomized animals a further specimen of skin was taken some time after the cessation of the hormone treatment. Hydrocortisone and adrenalectomy produced no effect on the activity of the melanocytes. A statistical analysis of the melanocyte counts showed no change.

scholarly journals Rare case of synovial sarcoma of anterior abdominal wall in a young Indian male

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2358
Author(s):  
Abhishek Katyal ◽  
Yash Patel
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Typically Develop ◽  
Synovial Sarcomas ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Malignant Soft Tissue

Synovial Sarcomas (synoviomas) are the fourth most common malignant soft-tissue tumours, and typically develop in para-articular locations of the extremities in close association with joint capsules, tendon sheaths, bursae and fascial structures. Other less common sites include the head and neck, abdominal wall, intra-abdominal cavity, and mediastinum. In this article, an interesting and rare case of a 25-year-old man with left upper abdominal lump is reported which was subsequently diagnosed as biphasic synovial sarcoma (spindle cell variety) of anterior abdominal wall. 

scholarly journals Influence of silver-ion-containing pharmacotherapeutic system for repair of anterior abdominal wall on connective tissue formation in experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Mishina ◽  
Maria Zatolokina ◽  
Anastasia V. Gureeva ◽  
Vladimir V. Gureev ◽  
Karina A. Elagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Connective Tissue Capsule

Introduction: In modern medicine new pharmacotherapeutic systems significantly reducing the risk of complications are being actively searched for. The study undertaken was aimed at studying one of such systems consisting of a prosthesis coated with silver ions. Materials and methods: The material for the study was standard endoprostheses produced by Lintex LLC (St.-Petersburg) for plastic repair of the anterior abdominal wall: Esfil and Uniflex, as well as Plasmofilter produced by Plasmofilter JSC (St.-Petersburg) and a pharmacotherapeutic system containing silver ions (FCS) applied to the experimental samples of endoprostheses – Esfil Ag and Unifleks Ag (patent RU 2473369C1), which were implanted into male Wistar rats. The results were evaluated using morphological, morphometric, immunohistochemical, ionometric, microbiological and statistical methods. Results and discussion: As a result, it was found that the use of the FCS leads to a more rapid change in inflammation phases. The formation of a mature connective tissue capsule with a thickness of 4.5±0.01 mm was observed by Day 30. The study of the cellular component of the periprosthetic tissue revealed the prevalence of resident cells. The proliferative activity of fibroblastic cells when using FCS over 14 days was statistically significantly (p≤0.05) 3.5-time higher. Microbiological studies confirmed the antibacterial properties of FCS in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion: The use of FCS contributes to the acceleration of reparative processes, earlier resolution of inflammation and stimulation of collagenesis both under sterile conditions and under microbial conditions.

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