A COMPARISON OF THE IN-VITRO ACTIONS OF THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE AND CYCLIC 3′,5′-ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE ON THE MOUSE THYROID GLAND

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANICE M. ENSOR ◽  
D. S. MUNRO
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Influence Of Tsh ◽  
Mouse Thyroid ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY In the in-vitro assay of Brown & Munro (1967) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) increased the release of radioactive iodine from mouse thyroid glands labelled with 131i during life. Paper chromatography showed that TSH increased the 131I-labelling of thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine both in the culture medium and in hydrolysates of the thyroids. Cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) also increased 131I release in this assay and increased the 131I-labelling of thyronines in the culture medium. The effects on thyroid hydrolysates were less striking. Theophylline potentiated the influence of TSH and cyclic AMP in the assay and, by itself, increased 131I release and the labelling of iodothyronines in the thyroid without altering the distribution of 131I in the culture medium. The implications of these results are discussed.

THE ACTION OF DIBUTYRYL CYCLIC 3′,5′-ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE ON THE MOUSE THYROID GLAND IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAT KENDALL-TAYLOR ◽  
D. S. MUNRO
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mouse Thyroid

SUMMARY The effects of dibutyryl cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (DBc-AMP) on the mouse thyroid gland have been investigated in the in-vitro assay of Brown & Munro (1967). The distribution of 131I-labelled compounds in the glands and the supporting medium have been analysed by thin-layer chromatography and the changes induced by cyclic 3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate (c-AMP), DBc-AMP or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) compared. The release of 131I was increased when the glands were incubated with DBc-AMP, c-AMP or TSH. The potency of DBc-AMP was approximately 50 times that of c-AMP on a basis of molarity. Like TSH, DBc-AMP increased the proportion of iodothyronines in the system as a whole, whereas c-AMP had little effect. The possible explanations for this are discussed.

COMPARISON OF PAPER AND THIN-LAYER RADIOCHROMATOGRAPHY FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THYROIDAL IODOAMINO ACIDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANICE M. ENSOR ◽  
PAT KENDALL-TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Mouse Thyroid ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Paper and thin-layer radiochromatography have been applied both to the analysis of iodine-containing compounds discharged by mouse thyroid glands maintained in vitro and to their distribution in hydrolysates of the gland. The results are in close agreement. The addition of thyroid-stimulating hormone to the medium supporting the mouse thyroid glands increased the release of labelled iodothyronines. Compared with paper, thin-layer chromatography separated thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine more effectively; there was also less deiodination and a higher degree of reproducibility and reliability.

A NEW IN VITRO ASSAY FOR THYROIDSTIMULATING HORMONE

1967 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
JILL BROWN ◽  
D. S. MUNRO
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Line Parallel ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Response Line ◽  
Mouse Thyroid

SUMMARY A new in vitro assay for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is described. The parameter of TSH action is the discharge of radioactive iodine from mouse thyroid glands labelled with 131I in vivo. The assay is sensitive to human TSH and gave consistent results during 1 yr. without seasonal variation. A potent preparation of long-acting thyroid stimulator gave a dose-response line parallel with human TSH. Fresh human serum was toxic to the assay preparation so that circulating TSH levels cannot be measured.

Hyperpolarization of thyroid cells in vitro by thyrotropin and cyclic AMP

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Batt ◽  
JM McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Thyroid Cells ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Feeding ◽  
Mouse Thyroid

With the use of microelectrodes, membrane potential (MP) was measured in mouse thyroid glands in vitro. A basal resting MP of about -39 mV was confirmed. The initial effect of feeding a low-iodine diet (6-12 days) was hyperpolarization, up to -47 m V; chronic low-iodine diet led to depolarization. Low concentrations of thyrotropin (less than 3 mU/ml superfusate) caused hyperpolarization and high ones (greater than 10 mU/ml) led to depolarization. Cyclic AMP (10(-3) M), dibutyryl cyclic AMP (1.2 X 10(-4) M or 1.2 X 10(-3) M) and theophylline (10(-2) or 10(-3) M) caused similar hyperpolarization: D- and DL-propranolol (5 X 10(-5) -5 X 10(-4) M) produced depolarization and inhibited hyperpolarization by thyrotropin. Conclusions are that hyperpolarization is a consequence of short-term increased secretion of thyrotropin in vivo or of low (near physiological) concentrations in vitro; these effects are probably mediated by cyclic AMP. The relationship to and mechanism of depolarization resulting from chronic enhanced endogenous secretion or high in vitro concentrations of thyrotropin are unknown.

The Influence of Adrenergic Receptor Blocking Agents on the Mouse Thyroid

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pat Kendall-Taylor ◽  
D. S. Munro
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Blocking Drug ◽  
Receptor Blocking ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Adrenergic Blocking ◽  
Mouse Thyroid

1. The influence of adrenergic receptor blocking drugs on the mouse thyroid gland maintained in vitro has been investigated. 2. Phentolamine, an α adrenergic blocking drug, and propranolol, a β blocking drug, inhibited the release of [131I]iodothyronines from pre-labelled mouse thyroids, which otherwise occurred when the glands were incubated in the presence of thyroid stimulating hormone, long acting thyroid stimulator, or cyclic 3′5′-adenosine monophosphate. 3. Evidence is presented to show that (a) the inhibition is not due to adrenergic blockade, (b) the effect cannot wholly be attributed to the prevention of adenyl cyclase activation, (c) the mechanism of action of the two drugs is dissimilar. 4. The observed clinical response in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis does not appear to be related to this antithyroid effect of propranolol.

THE INHIBITION OF [35S]THIOCYANATE METABOLISM IN THE THYROID GLAND BY THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONE

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. BOBEK
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Influence Of Tsh ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY When potassium [35S]thiocyanate was administered to rats, treatment with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) diminished the amount of 35S per unit weight of thyroid, as well as the thyroid:plasma 35S ratio (T:P) for compounds containing 35S. Chromatographic analysis of thyroid gland homogenates and plasma showed that under the influence of TSH the 35SCN-fraction increased, while the 35SO42− fraction decreased in the thyroid. The T:P ratio calculated for both fractions confirmed the increase of the 35SCN-concentration in the thyroid. Chromatographic analysis of the plasma showed that the 35SCN− fraction in the TSH-treated animals increased gradually while it decreased in the control group. Experiments with guinea-pig thyroid lobes in vitro agreed with the results in vivo. A significant increase of 35SCN− and a decrease in 35SO42− were found in TSH-treated thyroids after 6 h of incubation. Even clearer results were obtained by analysis of the medium. Oxidation of [35S]thiocyanate to [35S]sulphate, with a simultaneous release into the medium of the latter, took place only in the control thyroid lobes. In the TSH-treated thyroids, no changes were found in the percentage content of 35S compounds in the medium during 6 h of incubation. These results suggest that TSH inhibits the degradation of thiocyanate in the thyroid.

scholarly journals Reliability of the thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies level determination in diagnosing and prognosing of immunogenic hyperthyroidism

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 779-784
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Aleksic ◽  
Zeljka Aleksic ◽  
Vladimir Mitov ◽  
Miljan Jovic
Keyword(s):  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amiodarone Therapy ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Diffuse Goiter ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Background/Aim. Graves disease (GD) is defined as hyperthyroidism with diffuse goiter caused by immunogenic disturbances. Antibodies to the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors of thyroid gland (TRAb) have crucial pathogenetic importance in the development and maintenance of autoimmune hyperthyroidism. The aim of this study was to identify sensitivity, specificity, positive an negative predictive value of TRAb level in sera of patients with GD as well as to estimate significance of TRAb level for remission and GD relapses occurrence. Methods. We studied prospectively and partly retrospectively 149 patients, 109 female and 40 male patients, 5-78 years old, in the period 1982-2007. There were 96 patients with GD. The control group consisted of 53 patients, 21 with hyperthyroidism of second etiology and 32 patients on amiodarone therapy, with or without thyroid dysfunction TRAb was measured by radioreceptor assay (TRAK Assay and DYNO Test TRAK Human Brahms Diagnostica GMBH). Results. According to the results the sensitivity (Sn) of TRAb test was 80%, specificity (Sp) 100%, positive predictive value (PP) 100% and negative predictive value (NP) 83%. Also, the Sn of hTRAb test was 94%, Sp 100%, PP 100% and NP 94%. Our results show that an increased level of TRAb/hTRAb at the beginning of the disease and the level at the end of medical therapy is associated with an increased number of GD relapses and a shorter remission duration. Conclusion. Detection and measurement of TRAb in serum is a very sensitive method for diagnosing GD and very highly specific in vitro method for differential diagnosis of various forms of hyperthyroidism. Clinical significance of differentiating various forms of hyperthyroidism, using this in vitro assay, lays in adequate therapeutic choice for these entities.

THE BIOASSAY OF LONG-ACTING THYROID STIMULATOR: A COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANICE M. ENSOR ◽  
PAT KENDALL-TAYLOR ◽  
D. S. MUNRO ◽  
B. R. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
In Vitro Method ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY The McKenzie (1958) assay method and an in-vitro assay method (Brown & Munro, 1967) for the determination of long-acting thyroid stimulator have been compared. Differences in the results were not great: the in-vitro method is simpler to perform and more precise. The sensitivity of the two methods is similar. The in-vitro method, when used with antiserum to thyroid-stimulating hormone in the medium, provided a satisfactory and simple means for the assay of long-acting thyroid stimulator in the serum of thyrotoxic patients.

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