Results of the use of antioxidant and angioprotective agents in type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration

Aim. To study associations of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D) with ophthalmic diseases in a population sample of men and women from middle to old age (Novosibirsk).Material and methods. The population cohort was initially studied in 2003-2005 (n=9360, 45-69 years old, Novosibirsk, the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) project). At the second survey (2015-2017) in a random subsample (n=1011), the following ophthalmic diseases were identified: hypertensive retinopathy (HR), diabetic retinopathy (DR), cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), optic disc abnormalities, etc.Results. The prevalence of HR signs in persons with and without hypertension (HTN) was 81 and 46%, respectively (p<0,001). This association persisted regardless of other factors (odds ratio, 2,27 (95% confidence interval: 1,78-4,17). The prevalence of AMD, cataract and DR increased in HTN, but associations were largely explained by metabolic factors in multivariate models. People with T2D more often than without T2D had signs of DR (9,3 vs 0,4%, p<0,001), AMD (22 vs 17%, p=0,042) and glaucoma (14 vs 7%, p=0,001). Associations of T2D with DR and glaucoma persisted regardless of other factors. Individuals with carotid atherosclerosis (CA) were 1,6 times more likely to have HR than those without CA when adjusted for sex, age, and smoking (p=0,013).Conclusion. In the surveyed population sample of mainly elderly people, a number of associations between cardiometabolic and common ophthalmic diseases were revealed. The identified comorbidities may have important therapeutic and prophylactic applications in an aging population.

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The prevalence of undiagnosed age-related sight threatening diseases in self-proclaimed healthy individuals

10.21203/rs.2.13589/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sophie Lemmens ◽

João Barbosa Breda ◽

Karel Van Keer ◽

Tine Jacobs ◽

Ruben Van Landeghem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Ophthalmological Examination ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Age Related ◽

Medical Questionnaire

Abstract Background Age-related conditions such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DRP) and cataract have become the major cause of visual impairment and blindness in high-income countries and carry a major socio-economic burden. The aim of the current study is to investigate the prevalence of age-related eye diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and cataract in a cohort of self-proclaimed healthy elderly, and thus get a rough estimation of the prevalence of undiagnosed age-related eye conditions in the Belgian population.Methods Individuals aged 55 and older without ophthalmological complaints were asked to fill in a general medical questionnaire and underwent an ophthalmological examination, which included a biomicroscopic examination, intraocular pressure measurement, axial length measurement, and acquisition of fundus pictures and Optical Coherence Tomography scans. Information regarding follow-up was collected in the subset of participants who received the advice of referral to an ophthalmologist or the advice to have more frequent follow-up visits, based on the ophthalmological changes detected in their evaluation.Results The cohort included 102 people and comprised 46% men (median age 70 years, range 57-85 years). Referral for additional examinations based on clinical findings, was made in 26 participants (25%). The advice to have more regular follow-up ophthalmologist visits was given to nine additional participants (9%). No significant correlations between baseline characteristics, including eye care consumption, and the need for referral could be identified. Follow-up information was available for 25 out of 26 referred volunteers (96%). Out of these, four (16%) underwent a therapeutical intervention based on study referral, up until 18 months after study participation. All four interventions took place in the age group 65 - 74 years.Conclusions This study shows that even in an elderly population with self-proclaimed healthy eyes and good general health, a significant proportion of subjects showed ocular findings that need regular follow up and/or intervention. Moreover, the frequency of prior ophthalmological examinations does not seem to be relevant to this proportion, meaning that everyone above 55 years old needs a routine ophthalmological evaluation.

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Improving Efficiency in Separating Blood Vessels from Retinal Images with Deep Learning Techniques

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b1457.0982s1119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2S11) ◽

pp. 3637-3640

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Retinal Images ◽

Retinal Vessels ◽

Age Related ◽

Learning Techniques ◽

Retinal Pathologies

Retinal vessels ID means to isolate the distinctive retinal configuration issues, either wide or restricted from fundus picture foundation, for example, optic circle, macula, and unusual sores. Retinal vessels recognizable proof investigations are drawing in increasingly more consideration today because of pivotal data contained in structure which is helpful for the identification and analysis of an assortment of retinal pathologies included yet not restricted to: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, hypertension, and Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). With the advancement of right around two decades, the inventive methodologies applying PC supported systems for portioning retinal vessels winding up increasingly significant and coming nearer. Various kinds of retinal vessels segmentation strategies discussed by using Deep Learning methods. At that point, the pre-processing activities and the best in class strategies for retinal vessels distinguishing proof are presented.

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