scholarly journals Una mirada de la situación actual de la anatomía de la madera

2017 ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
William C. Dickson
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Wood Evolution

The primary objective of this contribution is to present a view of how and to what extent comparative systematic wood anatomy has changed over the past fifty years and what research priorities should be for the future. Wood anatomy has resolved itself into a series of subdisciplines, each of which deals with particular questions. Thus, wood anatomical study has passed successively from a consideration of wood data based upon well-defined and largely unchallenged principles to a more flexible view of wood evolution based on structure-function relationships at the cellular level and the establishment of correlations between anatomy and ecology. The questions and phenomena to be investigated are so complex and variable that, in many cases, they can be analyzed only through the active cooperation of a group of experts.

scholarly journals Text categories of messages in the form of a political cartoon

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00031
Author(s):  
Galina Denisova
Keyword(s):  
Structure Function ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Political Cartoons ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modal Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

The article deals with the political cartoon as a creolized text consisting of two parts (verbal and visual) and identifies the potential of verbal and visual means to express text categories in messages under study. The author comes to a conclusion that political cartoons are characterized with the same text categories as a homogeneous verbal text. The text categories of a political cartoon are expressed with verbal and visual means organized in personal, local, temporal and modal structures of the message. Analysis of Walter Hanel's cartoons proves the following: (1) the cartoonist expresses his own opinion using constituents of the personal structure; (2) narration perspective of the message causes its emotional tinge and subjective evaluation (the artist uses verbal means, which have certain connotations or develop ones in connection with the picture, and advantages of visual means, constituents of the modal structure); (3) constituents of the local structure function as direct and indirect local references, indicate place of action and create space of a cartoon; (4) using advantages of both codes and appealing to addressee's background knowledge, the cartoonist can specify time actual for the message, introduce traces of the past into the present and look into the future. The author of the article inclines to the opinion that verbal and visual means are equal in their contribution to the message in the form of a political cartoon

scholarly journals Predicting not to predict too much: how the cellular machinery of memory anticipates the uncertain future

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1521) ◽  
pp. 1255-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadin Dudai
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Level ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cellular Machinery ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
To Come ◽  
Stored Information ◽  
The Brain

Although the faculty of memory holds information about the past, it is mostly about the present and the future, because it permits adaptive responses to ongoing events as well as to events yet to come. Since many elements in the future are uncertain, the plasticity machinery that encodes memories in the brain has to operate under the assumption that stored information is likely to require fast and recurrent updating. This assumption is reflected at multiple levels of the brain, including the synaptic and the cellular level. Recent findings cast new light on how combinations of plasticity and metaplasticity mechanisms could permit the brain to balance over time between stability and plasticity of the information stored.

Current Postvention Research and Priorities for the Future

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Andriessen ◽  
Dolores Angela Castelli Dransart ◽  
Julie Cerel ◽  
Myfanwy Maple
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Intercultural Collaboration ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Ethical Approval

Abstract. Background: Suicide can have a lasting impact on the social life as well as the physical and mental health of the bereaved. Targeted research is needed to better understand the nature of suicide bereavement and the effectiveness of support. Aims: To take stock of ongoing studies, and to inquire about future research priorities regarding suicide bereavement and postvention. Method: In March 2015, an online survey was widely disseminated in the suicidology community. Results: The questionnaire was accessed 77 times, and 22 records were included in the analysis. The respondents provided valuable information regarding current research projects and recommendations for the future. Limitations: Bearing in mind the modest number of replies, all from respondents in Westernized countries, it is not known how representative the findings are. Conclusion: The survey generated three strategies for future postvention research: increase intercultural collaboration, increase theory-driven research, and build bonds between research and practice. Future surveys should include experiences with obtaining research grants and ethical approval for postvention studies.

Integrative Action: The Past for Physiology, the Future for Psychology

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-231
Author(s):  
MARCEL KINSBOURNE
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The Future

Statistical Views From the past Into the Future

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 786-787
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
The Past ◽  
The Future
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