scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOLOGY AND QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR NPP SITE SELECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Susetyo Trijoko ◽  
Fepriadi Fepriadi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Site Selection

scholarly journals Experience of establishing and coordinating a nationwide network for bidirectional intussusception surveillance in India: lessons for multisite research studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e046827
Author(s):  
Manoja Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesTo document and share the process of establishing the nationally representative multisite surveillance network for intussusception in India, coordination, data management and lessons learnt from the implementation.DesignThis study combined both retrospective and prospective surveillance approaches.Setting19 tertiary care institutions were selected in India considering the geographic representation and public and private mixParticipantsAll children under-2 years of age with intussusceptionPrimary and secondary outcome measuresThe experience of site selection, regulatory approvals, data collection, quality assurance and network coordination were documented.ResultsThe site selection process involved systematic and objective four steps including shortlisting of potential institutions, information seeking and telephonic interaction, site visits and site selection using objective criteria. Out of over 400 hospitals screened across India, 40 potential institutions were shortlisted and information was sought by questionnaire and interaction with investigators. Out of these, 25 institutes were visited and 19 sites were finally selected to participate in the study. The multistep selection process allowed filtering and identification of sites with adequate capacity and motivated investigators. The retrospective surveillance documented 1588 cases (range: 14–652 cases/site) and prospective surveillance recruited 621 cases (range: 5–191 cases/site). The multilayer quality assurance measures monitored and ensured protocol adherence, complete record retrieval and data completeness. The key challenges experienced included time taken for obtaining regulatory and ethical approvals, which delayed completion of the study. Ten sites continued with another multisite vaccine safety surveillance study.ConclusionThe experience and results of this systematic and objective site selection method in India are promising. The systematic multistep site selection and data quality assurance methods presented here are feasible and practical. The lessons from the establishment and coordination of this surveillance network can be useful in planning, selecting the sites and conducting multisite and surveillance studies in India and developing countries.

scholarly journals Development and quality assurance of computer programs for the review of long-term safety analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 171-172
Author(s):  
Jens Eckel ◽  
Martin Navarro ◽  
Stephan Hotzel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Safety Analysis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract. During the site selection process, regulated by the Site Selection Act (Standortauswahlgesetz – StandAG), the implementer has to identify adequate siting regions and has to perform long-term safety analysis for these regions. The Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management (Bundesamt für die Sicherheit der nuklearen Entsorgung – BASE) as the responsible federal authority has to review the implementer's long-term safety analysis. To perform this duty in the required depth, it will be necessary to recalculate important aspects of the analysis by means of numerical computer programs. In addition, this will allow assessment of the underlying uncertainties of the implementer's long-term safety analysis from a regulatory point of view. Numerical modelling requires a high degree of quality assurance. Therefore, it is of vital importance that the same problem is modelled with different computer programs and – if possible – by different teams of modelers. This strategy is known as the diverse modelling approach. The goal of this approach is to perform a cross-check of the computer programs in use as well as of the correctness of data handling, data interpretation, and model implementation. Comparing outcomes of different modelling teams also integrates complementary views and approaches, which can be beneficial when dealing with complicated problems. The diverse modelling approach forms the basis of regulatory modelling. It can also be implemented within organizations if more than one code is used to tackle the same task. The diverse modelling approach has been carried out at GRS gGmbH over the past two decades by means of the computer programs, TOUGH2-GRS and MARNIE(2). Both (co-)developed programs are thermohydraulic codes that compute transport phenomena in porous media and can be coupled to geochemical codes, see Navarro (2018) and Navarro et al. (2021) for further details. TOUGH2-GRS and MARNIE(2) were applied in various projects, such as preliminary safety analysis Gorleben (VSG, Vorläufige Sicherheitsanalyse Gorleben), ZIESEL and EVEREST. A recent example for the diverse modelling approach was the use of TOUGH2-GRS and MARNIE for the development of indicators for the safe confinement of radionuclides in a deep geological repository (Navarro et al., 2019). A high degree of quality assurance is also achieved by involving computer programs in benchmarks to compare results among different codes for well-defined problems. For the calculation of THM (thermo-hydraulical-mechanical) processes TOUGH2-GRS has been coupled with the geomechanical computer program FLAC3D and this approach has been used in the benchmark BenVaSim (Seher et al., 2019). In this contribution selected works related to TOUGH2-GRS and MARNIE(2) are presented. From this starting-point, ideas and concepts for the continuation of development and quality assurance of the two computer programs at BASE in the near future are outlined. These works will contribute to strengthen the capabilities of BASE in the independent review process of implementer's long-term safety analysis within the site selection process.

Outcomes/Quality Assurance

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Michael Groher ◽  
Caryn Easterling
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance

Percutaneous Tracheostomy: A Multidisciplinary Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinciya Pandian ◽  
Thai Tran Nguyen ◽  
Marek Mirski ◽  
Nasir Islam Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Percutaneous Tracheostomy ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Comprehensive Service ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The techniques of performing a tracheostomy has transformed over time. Percutaneous tracheostomy is gaining popularity over open tracheostomy given its advantages and as a result the number of bedside tracheostomies has increased necessitating the need for a Percutaneous Tracheostomy Program. The Percutaneous Tracheostomy Program at the Johns Hopkins Hospital is a comprehensive service that provides care to patients before, during, and after a tracheostomy with a multidisciplinary approach aimed at decreasing complications. Education is provided to patients, families, and health-care professionals who are involved in the management of a tracheostomy. Ongoing prospective data collection serves as a tool for Quality Assurance.

Quality assurance of volumetric modulated arc therapy using Elekta Synergy

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Haga ◽  
Keiichi Nakagawa ◽  
Kenshiro Shiraishi ◽  
Saori Itoh ◽  
Atsuro Terahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy ◽  
Arc Therapy

Study of quality assurance in prevention and therapy of pressure sores by measurement of overlay pressure with test persons on different prophylaxis systems

Pflege ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Roales-Welsch ◽  
Antaszek ◽  
Hense ◽  
Pfeiffer ◽  
Freyenhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Pressure Sores ◽  
Os Coccygis ◽  
Prevention And Therapy

In dieser Studie zur Qualitätssicherung in der Prophylaxe und Therapie des Dekubitus durch Auflagedruckmessungen bei Probanden auf sechs Weichlagerungs- und fünf Wechseldrucksystemen war die Zielsetzung, eine Ist-Analyse der am Klinikum eingesetzten Antidekubitushilfsmittel durchzuführen. Außerdem galt es herauszufinden, ob die angewandte Methode der pneumatischen Druckmessung mit Probanden auch im Versorgungsalltag verwendbar ist. Können verlässliche und valide Messdaten erwartet werden, wenn man bei betroffenen Patienten Messungen durchführt? Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen wurden bei 23/19 Probanden, auch in Seitenlage, durch das Platzieren von Messmatten zwischen Körper und unterschiedliche Antidekubitussysteme Messungen durchgeführt. Bei den Weichlagerungssystemen kann an allen Messorten eine signifikante Druckreduzierung (p < 0,05), am Os coccygis eine hochsignifikante Druckreduzierung (p < 0,01) nachgewiesen werden. Bei den Wechseldrucksystemen liegt der Mittelwert der maximalen Druckbelastung über 12 min bei unterschiedlicher Amplitude (75,47 mmHg–5 mmHg) und verschiedener Frequenz (1,5 min–10 min) zwischen 56,39 mmHg und 38,94 mmHg.

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