scholarly journals Main characteristics of new plum cultivars bred at Holovousy

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 4.) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
J. Blažek ◽  
M. Šecová
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
Canopy Size ◽  
Dark Blue ◽  
Tree Vigour ◽  
New Cultivars

Three new plum cultivars named Kamir, Samera and Simona were evaluated together with standard cultivars (Čačanská Lepotica, Čačanská Raná and Hanita) in a trial orchard established in the spring of 2004. These cultivars differ significantly among each other in tree vigour. Cv. Simona is the least vigorous whereas cv. Kamir the most. Regarding fruit harvest time, cv. Simona is the earliest one (early August), whereas cv. Kamir is the latest one (early September). The fruit size of the new cultivars, except for cv. Simona is comparable to the standards used in this study. The most productive in the first years of evaluation was cv. Kamir but later on its productivity was slightly reduced by its stronger tree vigour. Cv. Simona had moderately smaller yield than cv. Kamir but its yield efficiency was the highest due to its smaller canopy size. Fruit characteristics of all the new cultivars were practically on the same level as those of the standard cultivars. A certain advantage of the new cultivars is their uniform dark blue fruit colour that could be better accepted by consumers.

scholarly journals Tree vigour, cropping, and phenology of sweet cherries in two systems of tree training on dwarf rootstocks

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blažková ◽  
H. Drahošová ◽  
I. Hlušičková
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Training System ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Fruiting Stage ◽  
Sweet Cherries ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
Tree Vigour ◽  
Gisela 5

Five cultivars and four rootstocks (Gisela 5, P-HL-A, P-HL-B, and Tabel Edabriz) were evaluated on trees in fruiting stage trained like spindle and on trellis. Tree vigour was significantly related to cultivar, rootstock and to tree training. Spindles were generally more vigorous than trees on trellis with exception of cv. Kordia. In several cases special combinations of cultivar, rootstock, and method of tree training differed significantly from mean effects of the three factors. Time of flowering was significantly dependent on the cultivar and varied annually within 15 days. Time of fruit harvest was also influenced by the rootstock and in two cases mutually contradictory to the tree training method. Yields per tree were generally dependent on the cultivar. With Burlat and cv. Kordia rootstock and tree training were also important. Higher specific yields were recorded on trellis-trained trees. Remarkable in this respect were Vanda and trees of Summit on P-HL-B and Starking Hardy Giant on Tabel Edabriz. Higher specific yields on spindle had Kordia on P-HL-A and Tabel Edabriz and Burlat on P-HL-A. Mean values of annual yields per hectare in spindle ranged between 10.0 to 17.5 t whereas in trellis between 6.7 to 12.3 t. The absolute highest annual yield (35.7 t) was recorded on spindle trees of Kordia on P-HL-A. In trellis the highest yield of 27.1 t had Kordia on Gisela 5. The advantage of spindle over trellis was greater in Burlat and Kordia but much lower in cv. Vanda. Fruit size mainly depended on the year. Only two rootstocks influenced fruit size differently in some years. Training system had no effect on fruit size.

Regional differences in performance of Canadian-bred apple cultivars and implications for breeding

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl R Hampson ◽  
R. McNew ◽  
J. Cline ◽  
C. Embree ◽  
C. Embree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Tree Vigour

To evaluate their commercial potential in several major production regions of Canada, 10 Canadian breeding selections and two standard cultivars of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) were planted at four locations: one in British Columbia, two in Ontario and one in Nova Scotia. Subsidiary objectives of the trial were to determine whether wider testing of promising apple selections was warranted, and to accumulate information to help guide breeders in selecting apples for widespread adaptation. At each site the planting was arranged in a randomized complete block design with eight replicates. Individual trees were the unit of replication. Data were collected for 7 yr (5 cropping years). The measures of orchard performance recorded were: tree survival, trunk-cross sectional area, final tree height and canopy spread, precocity, times of bloom and harvest, yield, yield efficiency, and average fruit size. The effects of location, genotype and genotype × location interaction were statistically significant for all response variables. The two standard cultivars, Royal Gala and Summerland McIntosh, were intermediate to high in precocity, tree vigour, yield and fruit size. No single cultivar was superior in these characteristics at all locations. Among the test selections, S23-06-153 and 8S-27-43 had the most consistently good performance with regard to tree survival, tree vigour, yield, yield efficiency, pre-harvest fruit drop and fruit size. 8S6923 (Aurora Golden Gala™) and Silken also performed well, except that fruit size was smaller in eastern Canada. Many of the selections took fewer days to reach maturity in Nova Scotia and Ontario than they did in British Columbia. The results obtained suggest that regional testing is highly desirable for characteristics such as tree survival, yield, pre-harvest drop and climatic suitability (e.g. dates of bloom and harvest), all of which profoundly affect the commercial desirability of the cultivar. If the present results can be generalized, breeding and selection of new genotypes at one location are probably adequate for tree vigour, relative order of bloom and harvest, and precocity, despite the genotype × environment interaction demonstated. For these characteristics, the modest changes in rank among cultivars from location to location do not have great practical or economic consequences. Selection at one location may also be effective for fruit size and percentage of over colour, if the breeder takes location effects into account (smaller fruit in Ontario and Nova Scotia, less colour on early-harvest apples in British Columbia). Key words: Fruit breeding, cultivar testing

scholarly journals Final evaluation of nine plum cultivars grafted onto two rootstocks in a trial established in 1998 at Holovousy

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blažek ◽  
I. Pištěková
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Final Evaluation ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Tree Vigour

Nine plum cultivars newly introduced into production were evaluated in a replicated trial established in 1998 on two rootstocks planted in a spacing of 5 &times; 1.5 m. Trees were trained as spindles and evaluated regarding vigour, canopy performance, level and stability of yields, yield efficiency, fruit size, time of flowering and harvest season until 2010. Significant differences among cultivars were found but the most interesting were related to tree vigour, yield efficiency and fruit size. Dwarfing influence of Wangenheim seedling was negligible in Empress and Čačanska lepotica but mostly visible in Sanctus Hubertus. Wegierka Dabrowicka on both the rootstocks had the highest yield efficiency, exceeding 3 kg/m<sup>3</sup> of trunk cross-section area. Yield efficiency of trees grafted on Wangenheim was generally higher than those grafted on Myrobalan but the greatest difference was evidenced on Domestic Prune (more than 25%). Suggestions in terms of trees-spacing are definitively proposed upon results of this study.

scholarly journals Orchard performance of new plum cultivars on two rootstocks in a trial at Holovousy in 1998–2003

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blažek ◽  
R. Vávra ◽  
I. Pištěková
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tree Vigour

Thirteen plum cultivars on two rootstocks (Myrobalan and Wangenheim Prune seedlings) were studied in a trial established in the spring of 1998 at spacings 5 &times; 1.5 m. Trees were trained as spindles. Čačanska najbolja was the most vigorous in this trial, followed by Čačanska rana, Herman and Domestic Prune. The weakest tree vigour was observed on Wegierka Dabrowicka, followed by Čačanska rodna and Empress. Čačanska najbolja, Wegierka Dabrowicka and Valor had the highest yield per tree, whereas Čačanska rana had the lowest yields. Bluefre was the most precocious cultivar. Wegierka Dabrowicka had the highest yield efficiency followed by Empress and Valor. On the contrary, Čačanska rana, Early Blue and Domestic Prune belonged to the least productive cultivars. Trees on Wangenheim Prune seedlings grew about one third weaker than those on Myrobalan seedlings but their yield efficiency was about 31% higher although their yields per tree were about 12% lower. The largest fruits were recorded with Bluefre. Čačanska rana, Empress, Valor and Oneida were also ranked among large fruit varieties with minimum differences between them. The mean harvest season of evaluated cultivars started by Herman on the 12<sup>th</sup> July and ended by Oneida on the <br />9<sup>th</sup> September. Valor and Empress had the best performance of tree growth, bearing habit and fruit size, which indicates their good suitability for the modern types of plum orchard. Bluefre may also be of some interest for growers because of the best precocity and large fruit size, and Oneida for prolonging the whole harvest season. &nbsp;

scholarly journals The evolution of some nutritional parameters of the tomato fruit during the harvesting stages 

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Soare Rodica ◽  
Dinu Maria ◽  
Apahidean Alexandru-Ioan ◽  
Soare Marin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Soluble Substance ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

The main purpose of this study was to highlight the nutraceutical value of the tomato fruit for five hybrids recently introduced in culture, during the harvesting phases: mature green, half ripen and full ripen: ‘Antalya’, ‘Cemil’, ‘Lorely’, ‘Tiger’ and ‘Sacher’. They differentiate because of their size and fruit colour. The parameters to be followed for each harvest phase were: the chlorophyll a and b content, the total carotenes, the soluble substance, vitamin C, the titratable acidity, and also a maturity index was established. The results obtained showed significant differences between the hybrids, but also during the maturation phases. It singularised Tiger F1 with a total carotene contentof 7.1 (green) to 12.5 (half ripen) and 18.6 mg/100g f.w. (in full ripen) and Sacher F1 with vitamin C from 6.2 (green) to 17.2 (half ripen) and 20.7 mg/100g f.w. (in full ripen). This variability can be attributed to these harvesting phases, but also to the genetic factors, such as cultivar type, fruit size and colour.

scholarly journals Inheritance of some pomological traits in Minaret × Betinka apricot progeny

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Krška ◽  
J. Pramuková ◽  
M. Vachůn
Keyword(s):  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Weak Dependence ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Estimated Heritability

In the years 2005, 2006, and 2007 the described pomological characteristics were evaluated and both heritability and correlation coefficients of the determined characteristics of parents and progeny were estimated for the Minaret × Betinka apricot hybrid population. Estimated heritability of fruit weight, over colour and flesh consistency was approximately 0.9. Heritability of flesh colour, fruit attractiveness and fruit flavour ranged from 0.6 to 0.9. The correlations show a strong dependence of the following characteristics of parent varieties and progeny: over colour and fruit attractiveness. Medium strong dependence was determined in the following characteristics: fruit colour and fruit flavour. Weak dependence was found in the case of fruit size.

scholarly journals First results of an orchard trial with new clonal sweet cherry rootstocks at Holovousy

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blažková ◽  
I. Hlušičková
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
First Results ◽  
Graft Compatibility ◽  
Cherry Rootstocks ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Sweet Cherry Rootstocks

Ten clonal dwarf or semi-dwarf sweet cherry rootstocks were evaluated for 5 growing seasons in a orchard that was established in the spring 1999 at Holovousy within international cherry rootstock trials that are co-ordinated in Europe by the Danish Institute of Plant and Soil Science at Aarslev, Denmark. Lapins cv. was used as a scion tester for all these rootstocks; five of them were also tested by Regina cv. Among the new rootstocks, G 195/5 was evaluated as the most promising for Lapins cv. It produced trees even smaller than P-HL-A or Tabel (Edabriz), with higher yield efficiency and good fruit size. In agreement with the results of earlier experiments, both P-HL-A and Tabel (Edabriz) proved to be quite reliable rootstocks for modern sweet cherry orchards established there. Among the semi-dwarf rootstocks, G 154/7 also seemed to be interesting because of high yields and fruit size. Weiroot 158 was found as relatively the most promising rootstock for Regina cv. On the other hand, the most disappointing results were obtained with the rootstock Weiroot 53 because of its inferior graft compatibility and its negative influence on fruit size. Some of the tested rootstocks significantly changed the time of flowering and the time of fruit ripening. Several relationships between the observed characteristics were found within this study and they are more thoroughly discussed. &nbsp;

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