scholarly journals Comparison of innovative and non-invasive methods in estimating the fat content in pork trimmings

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Dasieiwcz ◽  
Marta Chmiel ◽  
Mirosław Słowiński
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Computer Vision Systems ◽  
Spectroscopy Research

The purpose of research was to determine a possibility of application of computer vision systems (CVS) for estimation of fat content in pork trimmings in comparison with methods based on DXR (dual energy X-ray) and NIR (near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy). Research was conducted on 232 samples of pork trimmings. In order to verify the fat content determined by CVS, DXR, and NIR methods, fat content was also determined by the Soxhlet reference method. It was found that CVS can be used to estimate fat content in pork trimmings with a standard error of prediction between 4.9 and 5.6%. In order to achieve higher efficiency, it seems advisable to grind and standardise meat in a meat grinder with a kidney shaped plate.

Prediction of Chemical Composition in Sunflower Whole Plant and Silage (Helianthus Annus L.) by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fassio ◽  
A. Gimenez ◽  
E. Fernandez ◽  
D. Vaz Martins ◽  
D. Cozzolino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Calibration Models

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to predict chemical composition in both sunflower whole plant (WPSun) and sunflower silage (SunS). Samples of both WPSun ( n = 73) and SunS ( n = 50) were analysed by reference method and scanned in reflectance using a NIR monochromator instrument (400–2500 nm). Calibration models were developed between NIR data and reference values for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, acid detergent fibre (ADFom), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), ether extract (EE) and pH using partial least squares regression (PLS). Due to the limited number of samples full cross-validation was used to test the calibration models. The best correlations (R 2cal) and lowest standard errors in cross-validation (SECV) were obtained for DM (R 2cal > 0.82, SECV: 27.0 and 35.8 g kg−1), CP (R 2cal> 0.85, SECV: 9.9 and 10.1 g kg−1) and ash (R2cal> 0.85, SECV 11.2 and 8.2 g kg−1) in both WPSun and SunS samples, respectively. For ADFom, aNDFom and OMD the calibrations were considered to be poor (R 2cal < 0.85). In SunS samples a good correlation was found for EE (R 2cal = 0.94, SECV: 15.3 g kg−1).

scholarly journals The Choir Books of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice: Results of in Depth Non-Invasive Analyses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Anna Mazzinghi ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
Chiara Ruberto ◽  
Lisa Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Painting Materials ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Partial Revision ◽  
Over Time

This paper discusses a cross-disciplinary, international collaboration aimed at researching a series of 15th century choir books at the abbey of San Giorgio Maggiore on the homonymous island in Venice. Produced for the abbey itself, the books have never left the island during their 500-years history, thereby allowing a unique opportunity to analyse historic artefacts, which have undergone little modification over time. Prompted by ongoing cataloguing work on the manuscripts, a week-long analytical campaign using a combination of non-invasive analytical methods used in portable configuration allowed the comprehensive characterisation of ten volumes. The manuscripts&rsquo; palette and painting techniques were analysed using near-infrared imaging, reflectance spectroscopy in the UV-vis-NIR range, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence mapping and digital microscopy. The paper will discuss the challenges linked to the fragility and the large dimensions of the volumes as well as the most interesting results of the investigation. These include the detection of unusual painting materials such as bismuth ink, as well as the discovery of a less homogeneous palette than originally expected, which prompted a partial revision of the attribution of the decoration in one of the volumes to a single artist.

scholarly journals The Choir Books of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice: Results of in Depth Non-Invasive Analyses

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1684-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Anna Mazzinghi ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
Chiara Ruberto ◽  
Lisa Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Painting Materials ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Partial Revision ◽  
Over Time

This paper discusses a cross-disciplinary, international collaboration aimed at researching a series of 15th century choir books at the abbey of San Giorgio Maggiore on the homonymous island in Venice. Produced for the abbey itself, the books have never left the island during their 500-year history, thereby allowing a unique opportunity to analyse historic artefacts, which have undergone little modification over time. Prompted by ongoing cataloguing work on the manuscripts, a week-long analytical campaign using a combination of non-invasive analytical methods used in portable configuration allowed the comprehensive characterisation of ten volumes. The manuscripts’ palette and painting techniques were analysed using near-infrared imaging, reflectance spectroscopy in the UV-vis-NIR range, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence mapping and digital microscopy. The paper will discuss the challenges linked to the fragility and the large dimensions of the volumes as well as the most interesting results of the investigation. These include the detection of unusual painting materials such as bismuth ink, as well as the discovery of a less homogeneous palette than originally expected, which prompted a partial revision of the attribution of the decoration in one of the volumes to a single artist.

Using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to assess distal-limb perfusion on venoarterial (V-A) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) patients with femoral cannulation

Perfusion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 618-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Killian Patton-Rivera ◽  
James Beck ◽  
Kenmond Fung ◽  
Christine Chan ◽  
Matthew Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinical Indications

Background: Patients requiring V-A ECMO who receive femoral cannulation have an associated risk of distal, lower-limb hypoperfusion and ischemia of the cannulated leg. This pilot study evaluated the usefulness of non-invasive lower-limb oximetry, using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to detect limb ischemia. Methods: Between June 2016 and January 2017, 25 patients receiving femoral V-A ECMO were continuously monitored using the CASMED Fore-Sight Elite (CAS Medical Systems Inc., Branford, CT) tissue oximeter. A retrospective pilot study was conducted to review the correlation between NIRS tissue saturations (StO2) and clinical indications of limb ischemia. Patients were monitored for StO2s less than 50% for more than four minutes or StO2 differentials between the cannulated and non-cannulated legs greater than 15%. Results: Twenty-five patients (age 22-78) were monitored with NIRS. Six patients had clinical indications of lower-limb ischemia: cold limb, mottled skin and pulseless Doppler ultrasound. All six patients had StO2s below 50% that persisted for longer than four minutes. Of the 25 patients, one patient had a false-positive indication of hypoperfusion with StO2 below 50% for more than four minutes due to a venous saturation below 30%. Another patient had a false-positive pulseless Doppler ultrasound caused by high doses of pressor support. The StO2 was greater than 60%, which confirmed the clinical determination of adequate perfusion. Five patients had StO2s below 50% for less than four minutes and none of these patients had clinical indications of lower-limb hypoperfusion. All patients with cannula-related obstruction of flow to the distal portion of the leg had StO2 differentials greater than 15%. No patients without cannula-related obstruction to flow had StO2 differentials greater than 15%. Conclusion: Advancements in NIRS technology seem to have improved its accuracy for continuous, non-invasive monitoring of regional tissue and may provide clinicians with an additional metric to protect the distal portion of the cannulated leg.

scholarly journals Penentuan Kadar Lemak Secara Non-Destruktif Pada Bubuk Biji Kakao (Berbasis Nirs-Partial Least Square) Dengan Menerapkan Metode Mean Normalization Dan De-Trending

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1027-1036
Author(s):  
Muaida Alfia ◽  
Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal ◽  
Agus Arip Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Abstrak. Saat ini untuk menentukan kadar lemak pada biji kakao dilakukan dengan mengekstrak biji kakao menggunakan pelarut tertentu yang memakan waktu cukup lama, sehingga metode penentuan mutu secara cepat dan tepat diperlukan untuk menghasilkan komoditas kakao standar mutu tinggi yang dapat diwujudkan  dengan metode near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini membandingkan data spektrum antar pretreatment mean normalization (MN) dan de-trending dan (DT) dalam mengkoreksi spektrum NIRS yang dihasilkan serta mengembangkan metode non-destruktif NIRS dalam menduga kandungan lemak pada bubuk biji kakao. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Instrumentasi dan Energi Program Studi Teknik Pertanian pada bulan Maret sampai Mei 2016. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh bahwa metode NIRS menggunakan preatreatment de-trending dan mean normalization pada panjang gelombang 2300-2400 nm merupakan panjang gelombang yang paling relevan untuk menduga kadar lemak pada bubuk biji kakao. Pendugaan PLS yang didukung pretreatment telah menghasilkan pendugaan yang tergolong good model performance. Pada pendugaan kadar lemak PLS yang sangat baik dalam meningkatkan kinerja PLS pada cross validation adalah de-trending.                                                                                                                Abstract. determining fat content in cocoa beans is generally performed by extracting cocoa beans using certain solvent extraction  which takes a long time. Determining quality method quickly and exactly required to produce the commodity of high quality standard cocoa that is realized by of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) method. The aim of this research is to compare the spectral data pretreatment mean normalization (MN) and de- trending and (DT) in correcting the NIRS spectrum which is namely and to develop of non-destructive NIRS method in predicting the fat content in cocoa powder. This research was conducted in Instrumentation Laboratory and Energy of Agriculture department from March to May 2016. the  results of the research  obtained that the NIRS method used de-trending and mean normalization spectra correction methods at a wave-length range of 2300-2400 nm, found to be the most relevant to estimate the fat content in cocoa powder. The estimation of PLS been produced a of good model performance. 

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