scholarly journals The Choir Books of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice: Results of in Depth Non-Invasive Analyses

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1684-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Anna Mazzinghi ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
Chiara Ruberto ◽  
Lisa Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Painting Materials ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Partial Revision ◽  
Over Time

This paper discusses a cross-disciplinary, international collaboration aimed at researching a series of 15th century choir books at the abbey of San Giorgio Maggiore on the homonymous island in Venice. Produced for the abbey itself, the books have never left the island during their 500-year history, thereby allowing a unique opportunity to analyse historic artefacts, which have undergone little modification over time. Prompted by ongoing cataloguing work on the manuscripts, a week-long analytical campaign using a combination of non-invasive analytical methods used in portable configuration allowed the comprehensive characterisation of ten volumes. The manuscripts’ palette and painting techniques were analysed using near-infrared imaging, reflectance spectroscopy in the UV-vis-NIR range, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence mapping and digital microscopy. The paper will discuss the challenges linked to the fragility and the large dimensions of the volumes as well as the most interesting results of the investigation. These include the detection of unusual painting materials such as bismuth ink, as well as the discovery of a less homogeneous palette than originally expected, which prompted a partial revision of the attribution of the decoration in one of the volumes to a single artist.

scholarly journals The Choir Books of San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice: Results of in Depth Non-Invasive Analyses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Ricciardi ◽  
Anna Mazzinghi ◽  
Stefano Legnaioli ◽  
Chiara Ruberto ◽  
Lisa Castelli
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Painting Materials ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Partial Revision ◽  
Over Time

This paper discusses a cross-disciplinary, international collaboration aimed at researching a series of 15th century choir books at the abbey of San Giorgio Maggiore on the homonymous island in Venice. Produced for the abbey itself, the books have never left the island during their 500-years history, thereby allowing a unique opportunity to analyse historic artefacts, which have undergone little modification over time. Prompted by ongoing cataloguing work on the manuscripts, a week-long analytical campaign using a combination of non-invasive analytical methods used in portable configuration allowed the comprehensive characterisation of ten volumes. The manuscripts’ palette and painting techniques were analysed using near-infrared imaging, reflectance spectroscopy in the UV-vis-NIR range, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence mapping and digital microscopy. The paper will discuss the challenges linked to the fragility and the large dimensions of the volumes as well as the most interesting results of the investigation. These include the detection of unusual painting materials such as bismuth ink, as well as the discovery of a less homogeneous palette than originally expected, which prompted a partial revision of the attribution of the decoration in one of the volumes to a single artist.

scholarly journals Comparison of innovative and non-invasive methods in estimating the fat content in pork trimmings

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Dasieiwcz ◽  
Marta Chmiel ◽  
Mirosław Słowiński
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Computer Vision Systems ◽  
Spectroscopy Research

The purpose of research was to determine a possibility of application of computer vision systems (CVS) for estimation of fat content in pork trimmings in comparison with methods based on DXR (dual energy X-ray) and NIR (near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy). Research was conducted on 232 samples of pork trimmings. In order to verify the fat content determined by CVS, DXR, and NIR methods, fat content was also determined by the Soxhlet reference method. It was found that CVS can be used to estimate fat content in pork trimmings with a standard error of prediction between 4.9 and 5.6%. In order to achieve higher efficiency, it seems advisable to grind and standardise meat in a meat grinder with a kidney shaped plate.

scholarly journals On the Hierarchical Use of Colourants in a 15th Century Book of Hours

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1786-1806
Author(s):  
Angelo Agostino ◽  
Eleonora Pellizzi ◽  
Maurizio Aceto ◽  
Simonetta Castronovo ◽  
Giovanna Saroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Book Of Hours ◽  
Portable Instruments ◽  
Hierarchical Scheme ◽  
Scientific Survey

An illuminated Book of Hours (in use in Chalon-sur-Saône) currently owned by the Museo Civico di Arte Antica and displayed in the prestigious Palazzo Madama in Torino (Italy) was investigated by means of optical microscopy, fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy, fibre optic molecular fluorimetry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy. The aim of the scientific survey was to expand the knowledge of the manuscript itself and on the materials and techniques employed by Antoine the Lonhy, the versatile itinerant artist who decorated the book in the 15th century. The focus was to reveal the original colourants and to investigate the pigments used in rough retouches which were visible in some of the miniatures. The investigation was carried out in situ by portable instruments according to a non-invasive analytical sequence previously developed. It was evident that the use of different pigments by the master was ruled, at least partially, by a hierarchical scheme in which more precious materials were linked to the most important characters or details in the painted scene.

scholarly journals Characterization of conichalcite by SEM, FTIR, Raman and electronic reflectance spectroscopy

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Reddy ◽  
R. L. Frost ◽  
W. N. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Ir Reflectance ◽  
Yavapai County ◽  
Ir Bands

AbstractThe mineral conichalcite from the western part of Bagdad mine, Bagdad, Eureka District, Yavapai County, Arizona, USA has been characterized by electronic, near-infrared (NIR), Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show that the mineral consists of bundles of fibres. Calculations based on the results of the energy dispersive X-ray analyses on a stoichiometric basis show the substitution of arsenate by 12 wt.% of phosphate in the mineral. Raman and IR bands are assigned in terms of the fundamental modes of AsO43− and PO43− molecules and are related to the mineral structure. Near-IR reflectance spectroscopy shows the presence of adsorbed water and hydroxyl units in the mineral. The Cu(II) coordination polyhedron in conichalcite can have at best pseudo-tetragonal geometry. The crystal field and tetragonal field parameters of the Cu(II) complex were calculated and found to agree well with the values reported for known tetragonal distortion octahedral complexes.

scholarly journals The deep Chandra survey in the SDSS J1030+0524 field

2020 ◽  
Vol 637 ◽  
pp. A52 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Nanni ◽  
R. Gilli ◽  
C. Vignali ◽  
M. Mignoli ◽  
A. Peca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Deep Fields ◽  
Initial Source

We present the X-ray source catalog for the ∼479 ks Chandra exposure of the SDSS J1030+0524 field, which is centered on a region that shows the best evidence to date of an overdensity around a z > 6 quasar, and also includes a galaxy overdensity around a Compton-thick Fanaroff-Riley type II (FRII) radio galaxy at z = 1.7. Using wavdetect for initial source detection and ACIS Extract for source photometry and significance assessment, we create preliminary catalogs of sources that are detected in the full (0.5−7.0 keV), soft (0.5−2.0 keV), and hard (2−7 keV) bands, respectively. We produce X-ray simulations that mirror our Chandra observation to filter our preliminary catalogs and achieve a completeness level of > 91% and a reliability level of ∼95% in each band. The catalogs in the three bands are then matched into a final main catalog of 256 unique sources. Among them, 244, 193, and 208 are detected in the full, soft, and hard bands, respectively. The Chandra observation covers a total area of 335 arcmin2 and reaches flux limits over the central few square arcmins of ∼3 × 10−16, 6 × 10−17, and 2 × 10−16 erg cm−2 s−1 in the full, soft, and hard bands, respectively This makes J1030 field the fifth deepest extragalactic X-ray survey to date. The field is part of the Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC), and is also covered by optical imaging data from the Large Binocular Camera (LBC) at the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), near-infrared imaging data from the Canada France Hawaii Telescope WIRCam (CFHT/WIRCam), and Spitzer IRAC. Thanks to its dense multi-wavelength coverage, J1030 represents a legacy field for the study of large-scale structures around distant accreting supermassive black holes. Using a likelihood ratio analysis, we associate multi-band (r, z, J, and 4.5 μm) counterparts for 252 (98.4%) of the 256 Chandra sources, with an estimated reliability of 95%. Finally, we compute the cumulative number of sources in each X-ray band, finding that they are in general agreement with the results from the Chandra Deep Fields.

scholarly journals Non-invasive monitoring of chronic liver disease via near-infrared and shortwave-infrared imaging of endogenous lipofuscin

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Saif ◽  
Wilhelmus J. Kwanten ◽  
Jessica A. Carr ◽  
Ivy X. Chen ◽  
Jessica M. Posada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Shortwave Infrared

scholarly journals From Paris and Shanghai to Singapore: A Multidisciplinary Study in Evaluating the Provenance and Dating of Two of Liu Kang’s Paintings

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-339
Author(s):  
Damian Lizun
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
National Gallery ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Painting Technique ◽  
Painting Materials ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
Technical Study ◽  
The Hill

This paper focuses on the dating and provenance of two paintings, Climbing the hill and View from St. John’s Fort by the prominent Singaporean artist Liu Kang (1911–2004). Climbing the hill, from the National Gallery Singapore collection, was believed to have been created in 1937, based on the date painted by the artist. However, a non-invasive examination unveiled evidence of an underlying paint scheme and a mysterious date, 1948 or 1949. These findings prompted a comprehensive technical study of the artwork in conjunction with comparative analyses of View from St. John’s Fort (1948), from the Liu family collection. The latter artwork is considered to be depicting the same subject matter. The investigation was carried out with UVF, NIR, IRFC, XRR, digital microscopy, PLM and SEM-EDS to elucidate the materials and technique of both artworks and find characteristic patterns that could indicate a relationship between both paintings and assist in correctly dating Climbing the hill. The technical analyses were supplemented with the historical information derived from the Liu family archives. The results showed that Climbing the hill was created in 1948 or 1949 on top of an earlier composition painted in Shanghai between 1933 and 1937. As for the companion View from St. John’s Fort from 1948, the artist reused an earlier painting created in France in 1931. The analytical methods suggested that Liu Kang used almost identical pigment mixtures for creating new artworks. However, their painting technique demonstrates some differences. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of Liu Kang’s painting materials and his working practice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document