scholarly journals Selection of DNA markers for detection of extreme resistance to potato virus Y in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) F1 progenies

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Heldák ◽  
M. Bežo ◽  
V. Štefúnová ◽  
A. Galliková
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Solanum Stoloniferum ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Resistant Progeny ◽  
Selection Of

Marker-assisted selection is progressively introduced into potato breeding especially in the case of monogenically inherited traits. Varieties and clones with extreme resistance to potato virus <I>Y</I> (PVY) from German, Hungarian, Polish, Dutch and Slovak breeding programmes were used as female parents in 6 crosses. F<sub>1</sub> progenies were subjected to the bulk segregant analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based markers for <I>Ry<sub>sto</sub></I>and <I>Ry<sub>adg</sub></I> viral resistance alleles were used for the evaluation of varieties, clones and seedlings of F<sub>1</sub> progenies. All resistant F<sub>1</sub> genotypes were reliably identified using three molecular markers, STM0003, GP122<sub>718</sub> and GP122<sub>406</sub>, associated with the <I>Ry<sub>sto</sub></I> allele. No genotype corresponded with phenotypic data and <I>Ry<sub>adg</sub></I> markers. <I>Ry<sub>adg</sub></I> and three selected <I>Ry<sub>sto</sub></I> markers were applied to 40 genotypes from an in vitro gene bank and 14 genotypes were recognized to have <I>Ry<sub>sto</sub></I> and none of them possessed <I>Ry<sub>adg</sub></I> Indirect selection is based on DNA polymorphism linked to the extreme resistance to PVY resulting in error when polymorphism is not conserved in all genetic backgrounds. A failure to detect extreme resistance to PVY using the <I>Ry<sub>sto</sub></I> markers in variety Santé, resistant progeny of variety Santé and clone Y01-30 may be linked to recombination events or different<I>Solanum stoloniferum</I> background.

scholarly journals Other Natural Hosts of Potato virus T

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (7) ◽  
pp. 736-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lizárraga ◽  
M. Querci ◽  
M. Santa Cruz ◽  
I. Bartolini ◽  
L. F. Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Germplasm Bank ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Oxalis Tuberosa ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Ullucus Tuberosus ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Andean Tuber Crops

Potato virus T (PVT), a member of the genus Trichovirus, was isolated from leaves of naturally infected ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), and mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum). These Andean tuber crops are often grown in small plots in association with potato (Solanum tuberosum) in the Peruvian highlands. PVT isolates from ulluco, oca, mashua, and potato infected virus-free ulluco, oca, and potato genotypes by mechanical inoculation. The incidence of PVT in mashua, oca, and ulluco accessions from the International Potato Center (CIP) in vitro germplasm bank was less than 10%. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product of approximately 330 bp was obtained from each of the four isolates using primers designed from the published PVT sequence. Restriction enzyme digestions of the PCR product did not demonstrate variability.

scholarly journals Detection of molecular markers linked to Ry genes in potato germplasm for marker-assisted selection for extreme resistance to PVY in AAFC’s potato breeding program

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzhou Nie ◽  
Fayruza Lalany ◽  
Virginia Dickison ◽  
Donna Wilson ◽  
Mathuresh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Potato Breeding Program ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Potato Germplasm ◽  
Selection For

Molecular markers reported to be linked to extreme resistance (ER) against Potato virus Y (PVY) were evaluated in potato germplasm. YES3-3A and YES3-3B, markers linked to Rysto, were detected in ‘Barbara’ and its three descendants that exhibit ER to PVY; RYSC3, a marker linked to Ryadg, was detected in breeding clones NY121 and NY123. Assessment of RYSC3 as a marker for selection for Ryadg-mediated ER validated its efficacy in identification of selections with ER to PVY.

scholarly journals Selection of male goat embryos in vitro by using swim-up of epididymal spermatozoa

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Ihsan H. S. Al-Timimi
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Epididymal Spermatozoa ◽  
Selection Of

     The main objectives of this study is the separation of X from Y bearing epididymal spermatozoa of local buck by swim-up, and the use of this spermatozoa for in vitro fertilization to determine the percentage of produced male and female embryos. The sex of produced embryo was identified by polymerase chain reaction. Testis of the local buck were obtained from Al-Shu'alah abattoir and the epididymal spermatozoa were harvested from the cauda by and submitted to in vitro maturation prior to separation of X from Y bearing spermatozoa and prior to their use for in vitro fertilization. For the separation of epididymal spermatozoa, swim-up technique was used with centrifugation at 200×g or 300×g. The centrifugation at 200×g showed that 41.84±1.39 % of spermatozoa were detected in the supernatant while the precipitate contained 50.69±0.71 and the mean of the sperm lost was 7.65±0.93. After centrifugation, spermatozoa in the supernatant were used for in vitro fertilization of matured oocytes. The sex of in vitro produced goat embryos was determined by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers to detect of SRY gene. The percentage of total goat embryos obtained after in vitro fertilization by sperms selected using swim-up at centrifugation force of 200×g recorded 79.66 % male embryos while female embryos recorded only 20.33 %. At the end, the results showed the ability of selection male embryos in caprine by application of swim-up technique on epididymal spermatozoa with centrifugation at 200×g.

Assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness in the Latvian potato genetic resources collection by DArT genotyping

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Rungis ◽  
A. Voronova ◽  
A. Kokina ◽  
I. Veinberga ◽  
I. Skrabule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Pedigree Information ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Array Technology ◽  
Resource Collection ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Potato Breeding Programme

Potato (Solanum tuberosumL.) has been cultivated in Latvia since the 17th century, and formal breeding programmes have been established since the start of the 20th century. The Latvian potato genetic resource collection consists of 83 accessions of Latvian origin, including landraces, old cultivars released starting from the 1930's, modern cultivars and breeding material. These are maintained in field andin vitrocollections. Pedigree information about the potato cultivars is often limited, and the use of hybrids of local cultivars as parents is common in the Latvian potato breeding programme. Ninety-four Latvian potato varieties and breeding lines and some commonly used foreign accessions were genotyped with the potato DNA diversity array technology. Analysis of the Latvian potato genetic resources collection revealed that the amount of genetic diversity has increased in the modern cultivars in comparison with the old cultivars.

scholarly journals Resistance of potato clones to necrotic recombinant strains of potato virus y (pvy)

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Regina Rodrigues de Paula Ribeiro ◽  
César Augusto Brasil Pereira Pinto ◽  
Suellen Bárbara Ferreira Galvino Costa ◽  
Mariney de Menezes ◽  
Antonia dos Reis Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Breeding ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Resistance Allele ◽  
Potato Breeding Program ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Resistant Allele ◽  
Recombinant Strains

The Ry adg allele is widely used by breeders to confer extreme resistance to all strains of PVY. However, the necrotic strain has increased recombination resulting in recent considerable losses in productivity. Thus far, not all necrotic recombinant strains of PVY have been tested for their reaction to the Ry gene. The objective of this study was to identify potato clones carrying the resistant allele and to assess their reaction to the following recombinant strains: NTN (PVY NTN), Wilga (PVY N-Wi), and "curly top" (PVY E). Advanced clones from the potato breeding program at Universidade Federal de Lavras were evaluated through a specific molecular marker for the Ry adg allele. The clones carrying the resistance allele were grafted on tobacco plants infected with necrotic recombinant strains of PVY. The clones carrying the allele for resistance to PVY were not infected with any of the recombinants during the grafting test. These results confirm that resistance to necrotic recombinant strains has not yet been overcome and that the Ry adg allele also confers resistance to the three recombinant strains tested.

scholarly journals Molecular markers of genes for extreme resistance to potato virus Y in varieties and hybrids Solanum tuberosum L.

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
V. A. Biryukova ◽  
I. V. Shmiglya ◽  
V. A. Zharova ◽  
M. P. Beketova ◽  
E. V. Rogozina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Molecular Screening ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Selection Of

Potato virus Y (PVY) are among the most harmful viral pathogens that reduce the yield and quality of potatoes. The number of modern varieties resistant to a wide range of PVY strains is very limited, therefore, the selection of potatoes in this direction does not become irrelevant. Molecular markers of the Ry genes are universal tools for identifying new sources of resistance among existing biodiversity of potato genotypes. Since potato varieties and hybrids containing Rysto tend to exhibit cytoplasmic male sterility associated with mitochondrial DNA, the definition of cytoplasmic types is important. In the article, molecular markers of the Ry genes YES3-3A, YES3-3B, RYSC3, Ry186 were used for screening foreign and Russian varieties and hybrids potatoes from the collections of Lorch Potato Research Institute and N.I.Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. Molecular screening and analysis of рedigree revealed that russian varieties and hybrids of potatoes characterized by extreme resistance to PVY were obtained on the basis of foreign varieties Alwara, Arosa, Bison, Bobr, Roko, as well as backcrosses of the Hungarian selection donors of the Rysto gene linked to cytoplasmic male sterility, and forms 128/6 a donor of the Ryadg gene, derived from S. stoloniferum. The marker RYSC3 coupled to Ryadg was found in interspecies hybrids of N.I.Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources 8-1-2004, 8-3-2004, 8-5-2004, 135-5-2005, 135-3-2005, having the same origin with the participation of S. okadae species K-20921 Hawkes et Hjerting and S. chacoense K-19759 Bitt. The marker Ry186 of the gene Rychc is rare. It is present in 5% of the potato genotypes. Molecular screening revealed samples of potatoes with markers of the Ry genes. They are of particular interest for further breeding. Data on the presence of Ry markers of genes in potato varieties and hybrids, serve as valuable information in the selection of initial forms for hybridization.

scholarly journals High Resolution DNA Melting Assays for Detection of Rx1 and Rx2 for High-Throughput Marker-Assisted Selection for Extreme Resistance to Potato virus X in Tetraploid Potato

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 382-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianzhou Nie ◽  
Virginia L. Dickison ◽  
Sydney Brooks ◽  
Bihua Nie ◽  
Mathuresh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Dna Melting ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Reliable Detection ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Selection Of

Assessment of the existing PCR-gel electrophoresis-based methods for detection of Rx1 and Rx2, the genes that independently control extreme resistance (ER) to Potato virus X (PVX), indicated that the 5Rx1F/5Rx1R primer pair led to reliable detection of Rx1, whereas the 106Rx2F/106Rx2R primer pair detected Rx2 despite some nonspecific reactions in potato clones/cultivars without Rx2. However, the methodology is time consuming and does not differentiate the absence of Rx1/Rx2 from a failed PCR reaction. A newly designed primer pair that targets Rx1 and Rx2 as well as rx1 and rx2 produced an amplicon for all alleles. When the primer pair was combined with 5Rx1F/5Rx1R, respective amplicons were produced, although they were not distinguishable by regular agarose gel electrophoresis. When subjected to a high-resolution DNA melting (HRM) assay, two distinct melting profiles for Rx1 and rx1, respectively, were detected. Triplex PCR-gel electrophoresis and -HRM assay for detection of Rx1, Rx2, and rx1/rx2 were also performed. The efficacy of the HRM assays were validated in potato cultivars/clones with known phenotypes, indicating its potential for high-throughput selection of potato clones/cultivars carrying Rx1 or Rx2. Duplex PCR-HRM assays of over 600 progeny from 12 crosses involving various parents correctly detected the presence or absence of Rx1 in each progeny, allowing accurate prediction of the phenotype. Progeny that tested positive for Rx1 by HRM exhibited ER to PVX whereas progeny that tested negative for Rx1 were susceptible to PVX infection. The genotype of each parent and the possible presence of Nx in two Rx1-possessing parents are also discussed.

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