scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen and sulphur fertilization on the quality of barley protein

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Dostálová ◽  
L. Hřivna ◽  
B. Kotková ◽  
I. Burešová ◽  
M. Janečková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barley Protein

Characterization of a Novel Barley Protein, HCP1, That Interacts with the Brome mosaic virus Coat Protein

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Okinaka ◽  
Kazuyuki Mise ◽  
Tetsuro Okuno ◽  
Iwao Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Brome Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
C Terminus ◽  
Barley Protein ◽  
Two Hybrid

Brome mosaic virus (BMV) requires the coat protein (CP) not only for encapsidation but also for viral cell-to-cell and long-distance movement in barley plants. This suggests that BMV infection is controlled by interactions of CP with putative host factors as well as with viral components. To identify the host factors that interact with BMV CP, we screened a barley cDNA library containing 2.4 × 106 independent clones, using a yeast two-hybrid system. Using full-length and truncated BMV CPs as baits, four candidate cDNA clones were isolated. One of the candidate cDNAs encodes a unique oxidoreductase enzyme, designated HCP1. HCP1 was found predominantly in the soluble fractions after differential centrifugation of BMV-infected and mock-inoculated barley tissues. A two-hybrid binding assay using a series of truncated BMV CPs demonstrated that a C-terminal portion of CP is essential for its interaction with HCP1. Interestingly, experiments with CP mutants bearing single amino acid substitutions at the C-terminus revealed that the capacity for mutant CP-HCP1 binding correlates well with the infectivity of the corresponding mutant viruses in barley. These results indicate that CP-HCP1 binding controls BMV infection of barley, interacting directly with CP, probably in the cell cytoplasm.

RESPONSE OF AGRONOMIC AND BARLEY QUALITY TRAITS TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLES F. McGUIRE ◽  
E. A. HOCKETT ◽  
D. M. WESENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Barley Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Malting and non-malting barleys fertilized with nitrogen were evaluated for qualitative kernel properties, agronomic performance, cultivar-treatment interactions, and the relationship between malt quality and agronomic performance. Sixty-seven kilograms per hectare of N increased the mean yield of five barley cultivars by 38 and 44% over the checks at Ft. Ellis in 1971 (environment 3) and 1973 (environment 4), respectively; 50 kg/ha of N increased yields over the checks at Aberdeen by 8% in both 1971 (environment 1) and 1973 (environment 2). Doubling the rates at either location did not increase yields further. Nitrogen treatments delayed heading dates at Ft. Ellis in 1971 and height of plants increased at Ft. Ellis but not at Aberdeen. Nitrogen increased barley diastatic power (DP), but decreased barley extracts. Barley protein percent increased significantly with each increment of applied N. A differential response of cultivars to applied N resulted in interactions for barley DP and percent protein. Cultivars × environments interacted for grain yield, heading date, barley DP, barley extract, and grain protein content. Nitrogen rates interacted with environment for plant height, barley extract, and grain protein content. Forty-six of 65 simple correlations between malting and agronomic or kernel traits were significant.

The relationships between the concentrations of individual amino acids and protein in wheat and barley grain grown at selected locations throughout Manitoba

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Boila ◽  
S. C. Stothers ◽  
L. D. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Amino Acids ◽  
Barley Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

The concentrations of protein and individual amino acids were determined in the grain from three cultivars of wheat and three cultivars of barley, each grown at 12 locations throughout Manitoba over 3 consecutive years. Protein concentration differed (P < 0.05) among the cultivars of wheat but not (P > 0.05) among cultivars of barley. Although the concentrations of several amino acids differed (P < 0.05) among cultivars of wheat or barley the differences among cultivars of each grain were not considered to be critical in relation to the requirements for indispensable amino acids for swine or poultry. The percentage of an ammo acid in the DM of wheat and barley increased (P < 0.05) linearly with an increase in percentage of protein in the grain. The wide range of r2 (0.29 to 0.88) obtained for this amino acid-protein relationship may be due to the different effect of environment (location and year of growth) on the concentration of individual amino acids, compared to protein, among cultivars of wheat or barley. The percentage of total variance due to an interaction between cultivar and environment was low for protein but was several fold higher for individual amino acids. The error in the prediction of amino acid concentrations with regression equations may be no different than the error associated with predicting the mean concentrations of amino acids in the protein of wheat or barley as g (100 g protein)−1, and obtained from tabulations of analyses. However, regression equations for lysine in wheat and barley did account for the significant (P < 0.05) decrease in concentration of lysine in the protein as the percentage of protein in these grains increased. Key words: Grain, wheat, barley, protein, amino acids, Manitoba

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