"The Projected Corporation in the North of Yakut Region" as a special form of organization of the fur trade by a big capital in the north-eastern Siberia at the beginning of the 20th century

2015 ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Margarita D. Kushnaryeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Special Form ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

scholarly journals ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИХ ГРУПП РУСИЗМОВ В ЯЗЫКЕ ТУНДРОВЫХ ЮКАГИРОВ: ТЕХНИКА

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Курилова С. Н.
Keyword(s):  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Lexical Transfer ◽  
Kolyma River

The Yukaghirs is one of the ancient aboriginal peoples of the north- eastern Siberia. Nowadays there are two local Yukaghir groups. The Tundra Yukagirs live in Lower Kolyma river and the Forest Yukaghirs dwell in Upper Kolyma. Their languages are common in sintax, but different in lexicon and phonetics as a result of historic established contacts with other newcomers. The paper is devoted to lexical transfer as a result of the language contacts as one of the most actual in the modern linguistics and purely studied themes in Yukagir studies. According to last research of the foreign lexicon in Yukaghir there is appr. 800 Russian words in Tundra Yukaghir, of which 170 entered via Yakut. The author classifies, characterizes and analyzes the direct and indirect Russian words within the group titled as “Technics” from functional and formal assimilative points of view.

scholarly journals The Contribution of A.E. Nadeina, Ayan Merchant of the Second Guild, to the Economic Development and Social Life of North-Eastern Siberia at the Beginning of the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-214
Author(s):  
Margarita Kushnareva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
New School ◽  
Public Events ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Russian Empire

There is a growing interest among scientists and general public to the historical experience of the functioning of merchant enterprises on the eastern borders of the Russian Empire. The article analyzes the contribution of A.E. Nadeina, the Ayan merchant of the Second guild, to the economic development and social life on the eastern outskirts of Siberia at the beginning of the 20-th century. The key issue of the article is interdisciplinary and it combines the knowledge of history and economics. The study used method of content analysis, which involves the quantitative and qualitative analysis of statistical data sources, using mathematical modeling. The primary method is the analysis of memoirs and epistolary. The research identified main types of activity of A.E. Nadeina’s enterprise, determined economic indicators and evaluated the firm’s contribution to the economic development of coastal areas of North-Eastern Siberia by industry. The study found that the main contribution of A.E. Nadeina to the economic development of North-Eastern Siberia was the creation of transport infrastructure along the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, and cargo transportation between the ports of Ayan and Nelkan. The annual profit of the transport enterprise of A.E. Nadeina was 20 thousand rubles. Gold exploration and development of forest resources, organized by A.E. Nadeina, were of strategic importance to the economic development of the region. Exploration and registration of new gold reserves, sale of timber forest annually contributed more than 5 thousand rubles to local economy providing means for its diversification. Fur trade of A.E. Nadeina was organized according to the classical scheme of loan on goods. The annual turnover of the enterprise reached 100–150 thousand rubles. To boost fur trade A.E. Nadeina created business ties with large firms, established a group of fur suppliers, provided transport service for commercial operations and developed fur resources of the region. In conclusion, it is necessary to note her contribution to social life of North-Eastern Siberia. A.E. Nadeina supported local education initiatives, commissioned the construction of a new school, and organized public events for the residents of Ayan and Nelkan.

scholarly journals The Role of Trade Customs in the Legal Regulation of the Fur Trade in the Russian Empire (Based on Materials from North-Eastern Siberia in the Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Centurу)

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
M. D. Kushnareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fur Trade ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
North East ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Russian Empire

The main purpose of the publication is to analyze the role of trade customs in the process of legal regulation of the organization of the fur trade in the north-east of Siberia in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. Achieving this goal presupposes an analysis of the norms of the legislative sources of the trade law of the Russian Empire during the period of modernization. The analysis of trade customs is based on examples from previously unpublished and unreported archival sources. Analyzed cash, trade books of firms “N. D. Everstov”, “G. V. Nikiforov”, ‘G. V. Nikiforov and Co”, “I. P. Antipin and G. V. Nikiforov”, Joint Stock Company of Match and Fur Factory “N. P. Rylov and F. P. Lesnikov”, containing records of transactions concluded on the basis of trade customs. The topic is of theoretical and applied relevance. The article is of an interdisciplinary nature. To solve the set tasks, comparative, problem-chronological methods, as well as functional and comparative legal methods of jurisprudence were applied in the work. The author determined that the synthesis of the norms of customary law of the indigenous population of North-Eastern Siberia with the norms of general imperial laws led to the formation of a complex of trade customs in the industry. The article analyzes the practice of implementing such trade customs in the fur trade, such as: accrual of debt to fishers and its transition to the next fishing season, unequal exchange, fixing commercial information in personal correspondence. As the main conclusions, it was noted that the trade customs in the fur trade were superior to the norms of the Trade Charter and other legislative acts of the state. This was facilitated by the special historical conditions and specificity of the legal consciousness of society in the outskirts of the Russian Empire. The development of commodity-money relations and the state policy of legislative convergence of the legal status of the indigenous and Russian population of the outlying territories of Siberia contributed to a gradual decrease in the role of trade customs in the fur trade at the beginning of the 20th century.

scholarly journals Franklin D. Roosevelt and the American Theatre Standard: The low vowels

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Mateusz Urban
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Vowel Quality ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
American Theatre ◽  
The North ◽  
Vowel Space ◽  
North Eastern

Franklin D. Roosevelt’s accent is often used as an illustration of the elite pronunciation heard among the north-eastern US upper classes until roughly the mid 20th century. Known under several names and often considered a mixture of British and American features, this variety is frequently identified with the American Theatre Standard, a norm popularized by acting schools in the early 20th century. Working on the assumption that Roosevelt is an exemplar of the north-eastern standard, the aim of the current study is a preliminary acoustic exploration of his accent with the aim of assessing the plausibility of such comparisons, focusing on the dress, trap, bath, start and lot vowels. Density plots created based on F1 and F2 measured in eight radio speeches were used to examine the relative position of these vowels in the vowel space. Linear mixed-effects regression was then used to model F1 and F2 in selected pairs of vowels to determine whether the differences along the two formant dimensions are significant. The results confirm a conclusion reached in an earlier auditory study (Brandenburg, Braden 1952) according to which Roosevelt’s bath was variable between [æ] and a lower and retracted [a], a vowel quality found in Eastern New England and in American Theatre Pronunciation. At the same time, a merged start/lot vowel in Roosevelt’s speech makes it unjustified to fully identify his accent with the latter variety.

The Ross's Gull (Rhodostethia rosea) in Arctic Alaska

Polar Record ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 18 (117) ◽  
pp. 603-605
Author(s):  
M. Densley
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Eastern Siberia ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Alaska ◽  
North Eastern

The Ross's Gull breeds between 62°27' and 70°30'N and 142° to 160°E in wet alder and birch scrub in the deltas of some of the larger north flowing rivers of north-eastern Siberia (Buturlin, 1906; Dementiev and Gladkov, 1951). The species was first discovered on 23 June 1823 by James Clark Ross, then a lieutenant with W. E. Parry's second expedition in search of the North-west Passage. At the time, they were stationed at Igloolik, east Melville Peninsula, in the central Canadian Arctic (Stenhouse, 1930). Ross, once more in company with Parry, saw the species again north of Spitsbergen during their attempt at the pole in July 1827.

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