THE CONCEPT OF LABOUR BY SOPHIA RUSOVA AND THE WAYS OF IST REALIZATION IN THE SYSTEM ‘PRESCHOOL ESTABLISHMENT – THE SCHOOL OF DOING’

In the context of metamorphoses that the state of Ukraine and the Ukrainian school go through, it is expedient to study and retrospectively analyse pedagogical thought of a specific historical period in order to find answers and form mature solutions to complex issues that arise in modern conditions. Due to certain similarity of historical circumstances, theoretical works and practical realization of ideas of Ukrainian pedagogues from the begin of the XXth century have deep potential as an ideological-inspiring source for contemporaneity. Based on the study of original sources using the comparative theoretical analysis and analytical generalization, the article summarizes the leading ideas of Sophia Rusova on the ways of implementing the concept of labour (activity method of teaching) in the system of preschool institutions and active (labor) school in the 20s of the XXth century. Recommendations for the use of this method are specified, taking into account the age of children and the specifics of the school subjects. Based on the analysis of Sophia Rusova’s works (“New School of Social Education”, “Theory and Practice of Preschool Education”, “Unified Active (Labor) School”, “Extracurricular Education”), the advantages of the labour method, its potential for the formation and development of the child’s personality has been investigated. The connection of Sofia Rusova’s ideas with the classical European pedagogical thought and practical application of such educational concepts in the European countries is traced. Emphasis is placed on the agreement of Sofia Rusova’s ideas on the advantages of the activity method of teaching with the task of reforming the national education system in Ukraine at the beginning of the XXIst century.

Montagem literária em Journal du dehors, de Annie Ernaux / Literary Montage in Annie Ernaux’s Journal du dehors

Resumo: Este artigo tem o objetivo de fazer uma reflexão sobre o livro Journal du dehors, de Annie Ernaux (2012), à luz principalmente de algumas reflexões de Walter Benjamin (1989, 1993, 2019) sobre a montagem literária no volume II das Passagens (Das Passagen-Werk). Comparo o trabalho da autora ao trabalho de uma trapeira e flâneuse do fim do século XX, que vai buscar, em outras formas de mediação, uma nova compreensão do capitalismo e das manifestações da economia na cultura. Ao longo do artigo, tentei realizar uma assemblage de reflexões fragmentárias sobre obras literárias direta ou indiretamente relacionadas ao meu objeto de estudo. Assim, começo o texto apresentando uma reflexão rápida sobre as figuras do trapeiro (chiffonnier) e do flâneur em Baudelaire e, em seguida, passo a Journal du dehors, intercalando a essa análise um breve comentário sobre Nadja, de André Breton (2011), que, além de citada por Ernaux (2012), se aproxima temática e formalmente de Journal du dehors.Palavras-chave: montagem literária; Annie Ernaux; Walter Benjamin.Abstract: This article aims to analyze the book Journal du dehors, by Arnie Ernaux (2012), in light of Walter Benjamin’s (1989, 1993, 2019) reflections on the “literary montage”, as expressed in the second volume of his unfinished work Passages (Das Passagen-Werk). I will attempt to compare Ernaux’s work to that of a “chiffonnière” and “flâneuse” from the XXth century, who goes in search of a new understanding of capitalism and of economy’s manifestation in culture through different ways of mediation. This article takes the form of an “assemblage” of fragmentary reflections on other works of literature that could potentially be associated to Journal du dehors. I begin my text briefly reflecting on how the chiffonnier and the flâneur are presented in Baudelaire’s poetry. I then go on to analyze Journal du dehors, interspersing my analysis with a brief commentary on André Breton’s (2011) Nadja, not only because it is mentioned in Ernaux’s text (2012), but also because its structure and themes can be associated to those of Journal du dehors.Keywords: literary montage; Annie Ernaux; Walter Benjamin.

Traditions of Historical Legends in the yakut novel of the late XXth century

Аннотация. Динамика жанрового развития якутской прозы во второй половине ХХ века определяет актуальность исследования жанра исторического романа как нового явления в аспекте традиций и новаторства. Цели и задачи исследования: выявить с точки зрения фольклорно-поэтических традиций, традиций исторических преданий становление и своеобразие поэтики якутского исторического романа ХХ века. В статье исследуется становление жанра якутского исторического романа ХХ века в аспекте фольклорно-мифологических традиций. Научная новизна и актуальность определены необходимостью системного выявления специфики жанра исторического романа на новом этапе развития литературы. Впервые предпринято целенаправленное исследование традиций исторических преданий в проблематике и поэтике якутского исторического романа ХХ века, что обусловило своеобразие жанра на новом этапе развития якутской литературы. В анализе использованы историко-литературный, типологический, системный, текстуальный методы исследования. На основе работ ведущих исследователей якутского фольклора Г. В. Ксенофонтова, Г. У. Эргиса, В. Т. Петрова, Н. В. Емельянова и др. выявлено значение исторических преданий. В результате историко-типологического анализа прослежены традиции историко-философской повести «Кудангса Великий» П. Ойунского и исторического романа «Тыгын Дархан» В. С. Яковлева-Далана, основанных на преданиях о судьбе необычных личностей, оставшихся в народной памяти. Творческая опора на народно-поэтические традиции, исторические предания и олонхо проявляется в тексте исторического жанра прозы многопланово: в образно-мотивной системе, в сюжетно-композиционной структуре, в особенностях ритма и стиля. Поэтика мифологизирования как средства семантической и композиционной организации текста позволила воссоздать мироотношение и мировосприятие народа. Исторический роман «Тыгын Дархан» и по своей философско-эстетической концепции, и по структурно-стилистическим особенностям, основанным на творческом развитии народно-поэтических традиций, во многом определил перспективы развития якутского эпического жанра.

VOCALIC SYSTEM OF THE NORTH-EASTERN DIALECT OF ENGLAND WITHIN THE PERIOD OF 1990-2000

The article presents the experimental study results of the specificity of the deviations in the vocalic system registered in the pronunciation of the English north-eastern dialect speakers within the period of 1990-2000 years. With the regard to the current tendencies of including dialect not only to the scope of geographic dialectology but also to the scope of sociolinguistics, as well as aiming to provide the detailed study of functionality characteristics of any dialect and the north-eastern dialect of England as a such it was decided to analyse the vocalic system present in the speech of the local men and women who represent different socio-cultural level within the period of 1990-2000. Moreover, it was proven that the period of 1990-2000 is crucial for the development of the dialect under study, since the end of the XXth century witnessed major changes in the development of the society.The nomenclature of segmental units of the north-eastern dialect vocalic system was determined by means of auditory and comparative analyses of segmental phonetic units’ deviations from the orthoepic norm of the English language. The article also presents the percentage rates of the mentioned deviations actualizations as well as gives a graphical interpretation of the quantitative relation between the specific types of deviations in the vowel system and the speakers’ socio-cultural level (high, middle, low) and their sex (the speakers were represented by females and males in the age from 16 to 80 years old). The formed frequency rate matrixes of such deviations show that the social changes which took place in the Northern East of England within the period of 1990-2000 strongly influence the tendency shift of speech standardization among speakers with high and middle socio-cultural levels.

Image of Soviet and Russian logic in the West. Latter Half of the XXth Century

The article attempts to overview Western scientific knowledge of research in mathematical logic and its history in the USSR and Russia in the first half of the 20th century. We claim that Western scholars followed and were generally aware of the main works of their Soviet and Russian colleagues on mathematical logic and its history. It was possible, firstly, due to the fact that a number of Western scientists knew the Russian language, and, secondly, because Soviet and Russian logicians published their works in English (sometimes in German) in the original journals of mathematical logic or Soviet publishing houses (mainly Mir Publishers) translated Soviet authors into English. Thus, the names of A.G. Dragalin, Yu.L. Ershov, A.S. Karpenko, A.N. Kolmogorov, Z.A. Kuzicheva, Yu.I. Manin, S.Yu. Maslov, F.A. Medvedev, G.E. Mints, V.N. Salii, V.A. Smirnov, A.A. Stolyar, N.I. Styazhkin, V.A. Uspensky, I.M. Yaglom, S.A. Yanovskaya, A.P. Yushkevich, A.A. Zinov’ev were quite known to their Western counterparts. With the dawn of perestroika, contacts of Soviet / Russian logicians expanded significantly. Nevertheless, the analysis of Western works on mathematical logic and the history of logic suggests that by the end of the 20th century the interest of Western scientists in the works of their Russian colleagues had noticeably waned.

Statistical Analysis of the Membership Management Indicators of the Church of England UK Dioceses during the Recent (XXth Century) “Decade of Evangelism”

The paper focusses on the growth or/and decline in the number of devotees in UK Dioceses of the Church of England during the “Decade of Evangelism” [1990–2000]. In this study, rank-size relationships and subsequent correlations are searched for through various performance indicators of evangelism management. A strong structural regularity is found. Moreover, it is shown that such key indicators appear to fall into two different classes. This unexpected feature seems to indicate some basic universality regimes, in particular to distinguish behaviour measures. Rank correlations between indicators measures further emphasise some difference in evangelism management between Evangelical and Catholic Anglican tradition dioceses (or rather bishops) during that time interval.

Notes from Underground by F.M. Dostoevsky in XXth Century English Criticism

The article is devoted to the issue of the critical reception of F.M. Dostoevskys Notes from Underground in the XXth century. Some letters, as well as books on philosophy and literary criticism by such writers as D.H. Lawrence, J.M. Murry, C. Wilson and I. Murdoch are analysed. The reviews by the given authors correspond to two waves of interest in Dostoevsky - the first one took place at the turn of the XXth century followed by the second one in the middle of the century. The writers name the key characteristics of the Underground Man: vanity, egoism, self-division, desire for suffering and inability to act. Some critics of Dostoevskys Notes see the Underground Man as recurrent image and note his relevance to the ideas of existentialism, especially the one about inability to apprehend truth in a rational way.

“Possible Worlds” and the Meanings of F. Dostoevsky's Providence in the Messianic Receptions of the ХХth Century

The article analyzes the specifics of the receptive impact of the artistic Messianic concept of F. Dostoevsky, which influences providential contexts in the cultural philosophy of the ХХth century. The possibility to identify the features of the artistic embodiment of the Russian Messianic problems in cultural philosophy and literature of the ХХth century determines the relevance of this study. The analysis of the strategy of modeling possible worlds in Dostoevskys work, which referentially determines the development of Russian utopian / dystopian providence, determines the novelty of the study. The concepts of the Christological axiosphere, which reflects Dostoevsky's Messianic concept, determine the most important coordinates of the providential receptive trends of the ХХth century. They are objects of analysis in the article. It is proved that the semiotics of messianic motifs in Russian literature of the XXth century is connected, first of all, with the Abrahamic religious context, which is built into the most complex providential concept of the anthropological Christology of F. Dostoevsky. According to the principles of fractal logic, the writer generates the Abrahamic canon in the key messianic world-modeling metametaphors. Dostoevsky's messianic pretext is referentially manifested in Russian literature of the twentieth century - in the work of Russian Symbolists, who understand the Messiah as a divine-existential personality, in the works of writers of the late XXth century, who interprete the messiah as a collective personality - a substitutionary sacrifice. In our opinion, the chiliastic aspiration of messianic Christology and anthropology is also connected with the influence of Dostoevsky. However, we should talk about the dissipative variability of messianic concepts due to the contextual reference of messianic ideas of eastern origin, in particular, the Zoroastrian, Sufi and Islamic contexts are found. The artistic idea of messianism in Russian literature of the XXth century can also be considered as a semiotic sign system that reveals historiosophical and socio-political meanings, modeling the tendencies of anthropologization and ontologization of the literary process.

Russian Historiosophy of the ХXth Century in the Context of the Tradition of the Moral and Psychological Novel by F. Dostoevsky

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of the receptive influence of the moral and psychological novel by F. Dostoevskys on the development of the Russian historiosophical novel of the XXth century. The relevance of the problem is in the identification of an ideological dominant connected with the key problems associated with the moral attitudes of Dostoevsky's novelistics. The novelty of this study lies in considering, taking into account new ideological assessments of the role and status of a historical person, a historical novel about the narodovoltsy of the 50-60s of the ХХth century. The novels about the narodovoltsy of the 50-60s of ХХth century were chosen as an object of research to reflect the ideological concept of F. Dostoevsky in the receptive field of the searches of the XXth century writers and as a determinant of the moral coordinates of modern phenomena of reality. It is proved that the development of the moral and psychological historical novel in the 60-70s takes place under the strongest influence of the tradition of F. Dostoevsky. The receptive correlation of the genre coordinate system, subjective organization, historiosophical ideologism of the XXth century with the traditions of the moral and psychological historiosophy of Dostoevskys contextual field, on the one hand, forms a new Tynyanov-Forsh tradition, and on the other, develops the traditions of the writer's polyphonic ideological novel on a new level and determines the expansion of the moral polyphonism of the historical novel in its value and psychoanalytic orientation, when the principle of internal ethics begins to dominate the ideological and political fields.

Ring-shaped erythema and herpetic infections in children

Exanthema in children accompanies various diseases. Often, polymorphic elements on the skin occur against the background of infectious diseases. Until the second part of the XXth century, children’s classical infectology described only 6 diseases in children characterized by spotty and maculopapular rash. Now there are more than two dozen exanthemes in children with an “infectious origin”. The article considers 2 clinical cases of a relatively rare annular erythema in patients of 1 year 2 months and 11 months associated with chronic herpetic infections. The article presents photo documents of the dynamics of the skin process and laboratory parameters against the background of antiviral therapy.