Immune Status Against Newcastle Disease Virus in Backyard Poultry of Punjab Province, Pakistan

This study was carried out to verify the possibility that ducks are sources of Newcastle disease (ND) virus infection for chickens in mixed flocks. Immunosuppressed (IS) and non immunosuppressed (NIS) birds, at three different antibody levels (medium, low and absent) were used; the titres having been induced through vaccination, and Immunosuppression done using dexamethazone. Each of the 3 respective groups was further divided into 2 groups of about 12 ducks each: one challenged with velogenic ND virus; the other not challenged. Selected ducks from all groups had their antibody titres monitored serially using hemagglutination inhibition test, while two birds from each of the challenged groups were killed and respective tissues processed for ND viral recovery, using chicken embryo fibroblasts. In general, antibody titres of IS and NIS challenged ducks were significantly higher than their unchallenged counterparts (P<0.05). Non-challenged pre-immunised ducks had a progressive decrease in antibody levels; non-immunised ducks did not seroconvert. Newcastle disease virus was isolated from livers and kidneys of the challenged ducks throughout the experimental period; indicating a possibility of viral excretion, especially when the birds are stressed. It, therefore, provides another possible model of viral circulation within mixed flocks.

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Adoption of I2 Vaccine in Immunization of Village Chickens against Newcastle Disease Virus in Southern Tanzania: Immune Status of Farmer Vaccinated Birds

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v4n4p23 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erick VG Komba ◽

Albano O. Mbyuzi ◽

Rutashobya CT Mulangila

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Immune Status ◽

Village Chickens

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Sero-surveillance and risk factors for avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus in backyard poultry in Oman

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2015.09.011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 122 (1-2) ◽

pp. 145-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Thunai Al Shekaili ◽

Helen Clough ◽

Kannan Ganapathy ◽

Matthew Baylis

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Backyard Poultry

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Determination of serum antibody titres and immune status of layer flocks against Newcastle Disease virus at Chittagong district of Bangladesh

International Journal of Natural Sciences ◽

10.3329/ijns.v1i2.8818 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 35-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MA Kashem ◽

M Parvej ◽

MA Hashem ◽

MM Moula ◽

ASMG Kibria

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Immune Status ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Serum Antibody ◽

Age Groups ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Specific Immunity ◽

Antibody Titres

A study was conducted to assess the level of serum antibody titres and immune status of layer birds against Newcastle Disease virus by Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test in different areas of Chittagong district during November to December, 2010. Sixteen layer flocks were selected based on different ages of birds. A total of 235 serum samples were collected and tested at Microbiology laboratory of CVASU. HI test was performed using commercial Newcastle Disease vaccine (Avinew®) as a source of 4HAU virus antigen. The antibody titre (GMT) levels in 18-26 weeks age group were found to be 70.198, followed by 47.551, 34.776, 17.281 and 18.855 in 27-40, 41-57, 58-73 and >73 weeks age groups, respectively. Moreover, 100% specific immunity against ND was found in 18-26, 27-40 and 41-57 weeks age groups of birds, whereas 93.33 and 94.73% specific immunity was found in 58-73 and >73 weeks age groups, respectively. On an average, 97.87% layer birds showed specific immunity and 2.13% showed nonspecific immunity against NDV. We considered HI titre of 1:8 or above as specific immunity and less than 1:8 as non specific immunity. Highest HI titre was found at the age of 18-26 weeks and lowest titre was at 58-73 weeks of age. The lower level of HI titre seemed to be directly related to some important factors relating to vaccination which have been highlighted in this paper. Key words: Antibody titers; Immune status; HI test; Newcastle disease virus; Layer birds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i2.8818 International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(2):35-38

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Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in Laughing Doves and the Risk of Spread to Backyard Poultry

Folia Veterinaria ◽

10.2478/fv-2020-0021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

J. U. Okpanachi ◽

J. U. Umoh ◽

G. S. N. Kia ◽

A. A. Dzikwi

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Fusion Gene ◽

Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Backyard Poultry ◽

Field Samples

AbstractNewcastle disease (ND) is a highly infectious viral disease of birds caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and doves have been incriminated in previous outbreaks of the disease that have discouraged backyard poultry productions. This survey was done to detect and characterize the NDV from 184 swabs from the cloacae and pharynxes of 67 trapped laughing doves and 25 backyard poultry birds. The study utilized haemagglutination assay (HA) followed by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests on HA positive samples to screen field samples. Conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted on the HI positives to characterize the NDV. This study revealed that of 134 dove samples screened, 88 (65.7 %) were HA positive. Of these HA positives subjected to HI testing, 37 (42.1 %) were HI positive. Interestingly, 21 (56.8 %) of the HI positives were also RT-PCR positive: 8 lentogenic, 12 velogenic, while one had both lentogenic and velogenic NDV. Comparatively, of the 50 chicken samples screened, 23 (46 %) were HA positive; and of these, HA positives subjected to HI testing, 16 (69.6 %) were HI positive. Only 4 (25 %) of the HI positives were RTPCR positive: 3 lentogenic and a velogenic NDV. From this study it was concluded that laughing doves were demonstrated to be infected with either lentogenic or velogenic NDV or both. The use of red blood adsorption-de-adsorption concentration of NDV enhanced the RT-PCR detection using the fusion gene primers NDV-F 4829 and NDV-R 5031. The detection of not only lentogenic but velogenic NDV in laughing doves poses a great risk to backyard poultry production.

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