scholarly journals Types of Education, Achievement and Labour Market Integration over the Life Course

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Kriesi ◽  
Juerg Schweri
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Relationship

Over the last 15 years, research on the effects of different types of education on labour market integration and labour market outcomes has evolved. Whereas much of the early work analysed school-to-work transition outcomes, the focus of more recent studies has shifted to the relationship between educational achievement and mid- and long-term labour market outcomes. The overarching question of this body of research asks whether the allocation to different types of education leads to different skill sets, to different employment opportunities and to jobs offering unequal wages, job autonomy or job security. However, pivotal issues related to the comparison of vocational and general types of education or upper-secondary and tertiary-level qualification remain ambiguous and are hampered by a lack of suitable data and methodological problems. The aim of this issue is to further this debate and to provide more insights into the relationship between individual and contextual factors, allocation within the educational system, educational achievement and labour market outcomes over the life course. The 12 articles collected in this issue highlight the importance of focussing on the specific features and functions of different education tracks and programs, of applying data and methods suitable for such analyses and of considering the interplay of different determinants of education outcomes, such as social origin, gender or ethnicity.

scholarly journals Pre-migration preparation and the labour market integration of skilled immigrants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Recent Attention

Canada has been attracting higher numbers of skilled immigrants in order to address labour shortages and fuel economic growth, yet the labour market outcomes of this group remain disappointingly poor. While a variety of initiatives have been introduced by the federal government to address the situation once skilled immigrants have arrived in Canada, recent attention has focused on preparing them for the labour market while they are still in their home country. These pre-migration preparation initiatives consist of the provision of information, referral and path-finding via online resources and in-person services. This paper will examine each initiative in order to evaluate its content and delivery system and to determine how effectively pre-migration initiatives allow skilled immigrants to prepare for the Canadian labour market and to what extent they contribute to the improvement of labour market integration. The paper also considers the key role played by the regulatory bodies and employers.

scholarly journals Legal Issues Affecting Labour Market Integration of Migrants in Finland

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-171
Author(s):  
Ilona Bontenbal ◽  
Nathan Lillie
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes

AbstractFinland has only relatively recently become a country of immigration, and as a result most immigration and integration policy legislation is also relatively recent. Since the 1990s, the number of migrants to Finland has increased steadily, motivating the adoption of various policy measures to regulate migration and support integration. From the perspective of migrant labour market integration, the two most important legislative acts are the Aliens Act (FINLEX 301/2004) and the Act on the Promotion of Immigrant Integration (FINLEX 1386/2010), which lay out basic labour market integration supports for migrants, and determine who can work in Finland and on which grounds. Finland’s comprehensive residence-based welfare state policies and collective bargaining based labour regulation also shape labour market outcomes for migrants. Immigrants working in Finland are subject to the same labour regulations as native Finnish citizens. There are different justifications for labour market access for different groups of immigrants, depending on from which country they come, and what kind of work they are doing. The chapter will go over the principle legislation regulating migration and migrants working in Finland. Also, the legislative basis for applying for asylum is discussed.

scholarly journals Pre-migration preparation and the labour market integration of skilled immigrants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Regulatory Bodies ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Recent Attention

Canada has been attracting higher numbers of skilled immigrants in order to address labour shortages and fuel economic growth, yet the labour market outcomes of this group remain disappointingly poor. While a variety of initiatives have been introduced by the federal government to address the situation once skilled immigrants have arrived in Canada, recent attention has focused on preparing them for the labour market while they are still in their home country. These pre-migration preparation initiatives consist of the provision of information, referral and path-finding via online resources and in-person services. This paper will examine each initiative in order to evaluate its content and delivery system and to determine how effectively pre-migration initiatives allow skilled immigrants to prepare for the Canadian labour market and to what extent they contribute to the improvement of labour market integration. The paper also considers the key role played by the regulatory bodies and employers.

scholarly journals ‘Virtuous’ and ‘Vicious’ Circles? Adults’ Participation in Different Types of Training in the UK and Its Association with Wages

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Luchinskaya ◽  
Peter Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Occupational Standards ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Wage Increases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Training

The relationship between education, skills and labour market outcomes is becoming an increasingly pressing issue in many countries. In the UK, recent changes in education and skills funding structures and the ongoing consequences of the 2008 recession may have affected participation in training. ‘Virtuous’ and ‘vicious’ circles of learning may exist, whereby access to training is associated with social advantage, and training begets more training. We explore workers’ participation in different types of training and how this is associated with wages using the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Our exploratory findings suggest that those working in lower-level occupations may not only be less likely to undertake training in general, but also less likely to have done types of training associated with wage increases (e.g., to meet occupational standards), and more likely to have done training associated with no or negative changes in wages (e.g., health and safety) compared to those working in higher-level occupations. We suggest that further research is needed to unpack the ‘black box’ of training and its impacts upon different groups of people. We discuss the implications of our findings to help break the ‘vicious’ circles.

scholarly journals Impact of WIUT Library Activities on Labour Market Outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Abbos Utkirov ◽  
Rauf Salahodjayev
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates the impact of the Learning Resource Centre activities of Westminster International University Tashkent (WIUT) graduated students on the labour market outcome. WIUT library provides a learning environment that helps students to create practical teams and individual projects to support the agenda of employability. The study aims to clarify the relationship between library activities and labour market outcomes. This proposes the improvement of a commercial responsiveness workshop, in collaboration with other services, and alumni voices in an employability guide. A quantitative research approach was employed; an online survey questionnaire was distributed to alumni students to obtain the data. It was a semi-structured questionnaire designed using a Likert Scale to collect data from 607 graduates. The study revealed that LRC activities have a significant impact on labour market outcomes for students. LRC activities such as presentation skills, information technology skills, problem-solving skills, research skills were mostly expected in the labour market. Research limitations– The study was focused only on graduates of WIUT, which may limit the generalizability. Therefore, the researcher proposed to study and compare other graduates of universities in Uzbekistan. The insights are valuable for planning the curriculum of LRC activities and developing teaching practices at WIUT. Moreover, current and graduate students can learn market-oriented skills and labour market demands. This is the first-ever study in Uzbekistan that explores the relationship of university library activities on employability skills of alumni.

scholarly journals How Elastic is the Labour Supply of Female Migrants Relative to the Labour Supply of Female Natives?

De Economist ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-517
Author(s):  
Tanja Fendel
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Female Migrants ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Instrumental Variable Estimator

Abstract This study estimates the wage elasticities of migrants and natives by using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel from 1984 to 2015 and a grouping instrumental variable estimator. Female migrants who live with a partner have lower own- and cross-wage elasticities than respective female natives, and the elasticities of non-Western female migrants are insignificant. The relationship between participation and elasticity is not in all cases positive, but parallel to labour market integration, the time since migration increases the elasticities of women. Elasticities indicate the potential to increase participation; therefore, it is especially important for non-Western female migrants to remove barriers to flexible wage responses.

Language skills in an ethnically segmented labour market: Estonia 1989–2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven-Kristjan Bormann ◽  
Svetlana Ridala ◽  
Ott-Siim Toomet
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
English Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Market Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between skills in the Estonian, Russian and English language, and labour market outcomes in Estonia, a linguistically divided country. Design/methodology/approach The authors use the Estonian Labour Force Surveys 1992–2012. The authors rely on multivariate linear regression models to document the relationship between language skills and labour market outcomes. Findings Estonian language knowledge (for ethnic Russians) are important determinants of unemployment. Wage, in contrary, is closely related to English skills. Ethnic Russian men do not earn any premium from speaking Estonian, while women, fluent in Estonian earn approximately 10 per cent more. For ethnic Estonians, Russian fluency is associated with a similar income gain. Research limitations/implications Due to the observational nature of the data, the effects reported in this study are not causal effects. As a second limitation, the self-reported language skills data may be imprecise and hence the effects the authors report may be too small. Practical implications The results stress the role of workplace segregation, both along gender and ethnic lines, in determining the individual labour market experience. Originality/value The authors provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of language skills in a rapidly developing labour market in a linguistically divided economy. The authors analyse several languages with different legal status and document long-term trends in the effects.

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