scholarly journals Agents of Change in the Domestic Built Environment

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Fani Kostourou
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Exceptional Case ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Housing Scheme ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Agents Of Change ◽  
Textile Factory ◽  
The City

As our cities age, a large number of spatial structures experience physical change. A better understanding of what this process may entail and the agents involved in it can extend the knowledge of practitioners, activists, and policy experts regarding the resilience of our domestic building stock and cities. Awan et al. (2013) explain that agents are not entirely free from societal and spatial constraints; instead, they are characterised by intent, shaped by their own visions and actions, and context, the spatial and social structures of which they are part and which they negotiate. This article discusses the intent and context of the agents involved in the construction and transformation of the Cité Ouvrière in Mulhouse in Eastern France from the mid-19th century to date. With 1,253 houses built for the workers of the Dollfus-Mieg et Compagnie (DMC) textile factory between 1853 and 1897, Cité Ouvrière was the largest and most successful employer-constructed housing scheme of its time, setting an example for many other European company towns. Through this exceptional case study, the article identifies the levels at which spatial agents operate, the means they use to instigate change, their dynamic relations, and the ways these are influenced by the wider historical context while influencing the making and evolution of the built form. Using historical and archival documents, it amounts to recognise an interplay of individuals and public and private groups, who have been responsible for taking decisions at different scales—the city, the neighbourhood, and the houses—and have instigated changes of different effect—from more localised to more aggregate.

scholarly journals The "Sting" of Vancouver's Better Housing "Spree", 1919–1949

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
Jill Wade
Keyword(s):  
Social Housing ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Housing Scheme ◽  
The City ◽  
National Housing

Contrary to other accounts of the 1919 national housing program, this article examines the plan's long-term history using Vancouver as a case study. It argues that a basic structural flaw in the local Better Housing Scheme created financial hardship for the City of Vancouver as well as for mortgagors during the depression. The burden of mortgage repayment that fell to the city discouraged it from participating in other housing initiatives in the 1930s and 1940s. Still, the labour, women's, and veterans' organizations that supported the scheme represented the beginnings of Vancouver's social housing movement that matured in the late 1930s and achieved significant improvements in residential conditions in the 1940s.

scholarly journals The cost of building for the future: the reconciliation of sustainable housing issues in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Adam Erlichman.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Context ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Green Housing ◽  
The Future ◽  
Private Housing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

Although some green housing elements have become more commonplace in residential renovations in Canada, the undertaking of complete green retrofits is relatively uncommon. This paper explores the barriers to green retrofits, such as affordability and bureaucracy, in the urban context of the City of Toronto. The research was informed by one main case study, one supplementary case study, and six interviews with sustainable housing experts. The research has yielded nine recommendations that are directed towards three levels of government and related public and private housing organizations. These recommendations have been made in the hopes of making sustainable housing more ubiquitous in Toronto.

scholarly journals The cost of building for the future: the reconciliation of sustainable housing issues in Toronto

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Adam Erlichman.
Keyword(s):  
Urban Context ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Sustainable Housing ◽  
Green Housing ◽  
The Future ◽  
Private Housing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

Although some green housing elements have become more commonplace in residential renovations in Canada, the undertaking of complete green retrofits is relatively uncommon. This paper explores the barriers to green retrofits, such as affordability and bureaucracy, in the urban context of the City of Toronto. The research was informed by one main case study, one supplementary case study, and six interviews with sustainable housing experts. The research has yielded nine recommendations that are directed towards three levels of government and related public and private housing organizations. These recommendations have been made in the hopes of making sustainable housing more ubiquitous in Toronto.

scholarly journals Novas perspectivas sobre o assédio moral em instituições bancárias

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-482
Author(s):  
Walid Abbas El-Aouar ◽  
Renata Almeida de Lucena Patriota ◽  
Arthur William Pereira da Silva ◽  
Alípio Ramos Veiga Neto ◽  
Ahiram Brunni Cartaxo de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
Private Banking ◽  
The City

The objective of this research was to diagnose bullying based on the perception of the occurrence of the phenomenon by employees of public and private banking institutions in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil. It is a descriptive research and a case study with a quantitative approach applied to a simple random sample of 156 bank clerks, through a sociodemographic questionnaire and a perception scale of mobbing at work, validated by Martins and Ferraz (2014). Data were analyzed by using the SPSS software and compared by Chi-square tests and variance analysis. There was an equal participation concerning gender, most of them from white ethnicity, married, graduates, and mean age of 39 years. It was found that the phenomenon was perceived infrequently, at least once a month. 34% of bank clerks reported professional harassment and 19.9% reported personal harassment. Such results prompted reflection on whether the phenomenon was overcome, reduced or trivialized among the professional category studied. The results also showed that, although perceived infrequently, harassment behavior is more observed with employees in private banks than in public ones.

scholarly journals Cooperativismo: alternativa viável para a gestão escolar? Um estudo de caso

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (217) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrá Araújo ◽  
Candido Gomes
Keyword(s):  
College Entrance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Entrance Exams ◽  
Documentary Analysis ◽  
College Entrance Exams ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Educational Cost ◽  
Tuition And Fees ◽  
The City

Analisa a Cooperativa de Ensino da Cidade de Goiás e o Colégio Alternativo, na cidade de Goiás, fundados em virtude da insatisfação de um grupo de pais de camadas sociais médias tanto com a escola pública quanto com a particular. O estudo de caso coletou dados por meio de observação, análise documental, entrevistas e grupos focais. Os resultados apresentam um estabelecimento em que todos os atores participam da gestão. Do ponto de vista pedagógico, alcança eficazmente a apropriação de conteúdos pelos seus alunos para concursos públicos e o acesso à educação superior, conforme as aspirações dos pais. As despesas revelam que a remuneração docente é a mais alta da comunidade, porém a contribuição financeira das famílias é menor que a mensalidade da escola privada. Palavras-chave: ensino médio; ensino fundamental; custos educacionais; gestão participativa; cooperativismo educacional. Abstract This research project focuses on an educational co-operative and its junior and senior high school in the city of Goiás, Brazil. It was founded as a result of parents’ low level of satisfaction concerning both public and private schools. The case study analysed data from observation, documentary analysis, interviews and focus groups. The results reveal that all school actors participate in its management. From the educational perspective, the school effectively teaches the contents required by college entrance exams and other kinds of selection, according to the parents’ aspirations. The teachers’ salaries reach the highest level in the community, however, the families’ financial contribution is lower than the private school’s tuition and fees. Keywords: secondary education; primary education; educational cost; participative management; educational cooperativism.

The Creative City

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-214
Author(s):  
Germaine R. Halegoua
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Creative City ◽  
Local Business ◽  
Creative Placemaking ◽  
The City

The case study in chapter 5 investigates practices related to re-placeing the city from the perspective of those who professionally program and fund placemaking activities in the United States and of the locals who receive this funding and support. The chapter explores the role and potential of digital technologies and practices in creative placemaking efforts. Through an investigation of organizations, artists, and cities that have undertaken creative placemaking projects, the author evaluates the ways in which digital technologies and practices are imagined and implemented in order to “animate public and private spaces, rejuvenate structures and streetscapes, improve local business and public safety, and bring diverse people together to celebrate and inspire.” In addition, the chapter offers reasons that digital technologies and practices are not being associated with and incorporated into creative placemaking endeavors.

Using Resilience Indicators in the Prediction of Earthquake Recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venetia Despotaki ◽  
Luis Sousa ◽  
Christopher G. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Building Stock ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Recovery Trajectory ◽  
Resilience Indicators ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

This paper presents a probabilistic methodology for the prediction of post-earthquake community recovery over time, based on a set of socioeconomic resilience parameters and a post-earthquake damage indicator. Pre-existing socioeconomic conditions are widely associated with the ability of a community to recover following an earthquake and, therefore, should be considered in a recovery prediction model. The city of Napa, California and the monitored recovery from the 2014 South Napa earthquake were used as a case study for the development and validation of the proposed methodology. The documentation of the recovery, which is herein associated with the recovery of the building stock, was accomplished via field surveys over a period of 18 months following the event. In addition to community-level recovery predictions in different areas over time, the methodology allows for the identification of the pre-existing socioeconomic parameters that most significantly affect the recovery trajectory. Thus, emergency managers can identify critical areas that take longer to recover, as well as identify strengths and weaknesses of their communities and respectively promote or address issues that facilitate recovery.

scholarly journals Imaginarios urbanos en áreas protegidas de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, Argentina

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-204
Author(s):  
María Belén Loyza ◽  
Ignacio Mariano Azcue Vigil
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Places

Las reservas naturales dentro de las áreas urbanas brindan servicios ecosistémicos a la población y son de gran importancia para lograr la sostenibilidad urbana. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar cómo estas áreas protegidas son comprendidas por los habitantes de la ciudad, tomando como caso de estudio la Reserva Natural Puerto Mar del Plata (RNPMdP) y la Reserva Forestal Bosque Peralta Ramos (BPR), ambas pertenecientes al partido de General Pueyrredon (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Con la finalidad de recuperar aquellos imaginarios urbanos que guían las prácticas de las personas, se recurre a fuentes de información primaria y secundaria, como entrevistas en profundidad y documentos oficiales, utilizando una metodología cualitativa de investigación. El miedo asociado a la naturaleza “salvaje”, la búsqueda de control y orden, la tranquilidad de alejarse de los centros urbanos y refugiarse en lugares del periurbano y las diferentes percepciones sobre la gestión en espacios públicos y privados de naturaleza urbana son algunos de los imaginarios abordados. Tomando en cuenta los problemas de conservación que enfrentan las áreas protegidas urbanas, estudiar cómo son comprendidas es necesario para una correcta gestión ambiental urbana.   Abstract Nature reserves within urban areas provide ecosystem services to the population. They have great importance to achieve urban sustainability. The objective of this article is to analyze how these protected areas are understood by the inhabitants of the city, taking as a case study two reserves located in general Pueyrredon, Buenos Aires, Argentina: “Reserva Natural Puerto Mar del Plata” and “Reserva Forestal Bosque Peralta Ramos”. In order to recover the urban imaginaries that guide the practices of people, the research bases on aqualitative research methodology, employing primary and secondary information sources, such as in-depth interviews and official documents. The fear associated with the “wild” nature, the search for control and order, the tranquility of moving away from urban centers and taking refuge in peri-urban places and the different perceptions about urban nature management in public and private spaces are some of the imaginary addressed. Taking into consideration the conservation problems faced by urban protected areas, it is important to study how these spaces are understood, for proper urban environmental management.

scholarly journals Financialized savings in public water governance: An illustrative case study in the arid American West

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-112
Author(s):  
Christopher Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Water Governance ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Public Resource ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Water District

How does financialization of the economy impact public governance of natural resources? One way includes a shift in how savings and cash accumulation are understood and practiced within public agencies. This article proffers that in the second half of the twentieth century, it became a taken-for-granted understanding that long-term savings should be held in financial investment accounts instead of traditional savings accounts. As a result of this, municipal organizations act as fiscally independent investors, marshaling economic resources to pursue strategic objectives that align with financialized institutional logics. Using a case study of the largest supplier of drinking water in the US, this article examines how the use of financial investments by a major public resource agency, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, evolved since first establishing an investment policy in the 1940s. Today, this organization maintains investments worth over one billion dollars. Analysis of archival documents suggests that financial activities, even if yielding dwindling returns over time, are counted upon as a source of revenue, deployed to obtain favorable bond ratings, used for access to earmarked funds, and leveraged to acquire land in water-strategic locations. Considering the ubiquity of these financial practices among medium to large-sized municipal governing bodies, the results of this study are suggestive and generalizable across substantive governing fields and in other locations. Ultimately, this study shows that public governance agencies are intertwined with private capital flows, problematizing the oft-assumed distance between public and private actors. The article also interrogates the influence that financial markets have over of public policy, showing that elected governance officials engage in the commodification of money, encouraging the further commodification of environmental resources.  

scholarly journals The Assessment of Density Bonus in Building Renovation Interventions. The Case of the City of Florence in Italy

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1391
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Battisti ◽  
Orazio Campo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The City

The European Green Deal indicates the renovation of both public and private buildings as a key element for the improvement of energy efficiency in the building stock, in order to reach the goals of the document itself. New incentives, also including density bonus, can significantly contribute to foster diffuse actions. In Italy, the density bonus is under testing: the current framework has produced profitability for regeneration in some areas and unprofitability in others. This has led to a non-diffuse renewal, widening differences in richness and quality throughout territories subjected to the same reward measure. A territory is characterized by a high degree of typological and qualitative fragmentation and dissimilarity. Thus, the aim of the present work is the construction of a model that allows for identifying the entity of the reward measure in terms of density bonus. Density bonus can determine the feasibility of renovation interventions—in economic-financial terms and in relation to urban impact—taking into account the characteristics of the context (or micro-context) where they are performed. The research model is based on a Balance Sheet Model and is applied to the city of Florence. The model suggests an innovative approach where urban, landscape and environmental impacts produced by the density bonus are evaluated according to the economic amount needed for their mitigation. The expected results in the application of the model consist in the definition of an iso-bonus map organized by areas.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document