scholarly journals Programa de Redução da Pobreza Rural no Pará: um olhar sobre a construção da governança ## Rural Poverty Reduction Program in Pará: a view of the governance construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Brenda Cordovil Corrêa dos Santos ◽  
Mário Miguel Amin Garcia Herreros

ResumoO formato construído para programas de redução da pobreza rural pressupõe uma interação entre financiadores (no caso em estudo, Banco Mundial), governos, comunidades locais e demais parceiros para o desenvolvimento de projetos. Em razão disso, estudar como a governança se reflete nos projetos é de fundamental importância. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a governança nos projetos apoiados pelo Programa Pará Rural, nos municípios de Acará e Tracuateua, no Estado do Pará.Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória com abordagem qualitativa que se baseou em observação, pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados. Como referencial teórico, foram utilizadas as teorias da governança, ação coletiva e a teoria institucional, com foco nos esquemas interpretativos e na construção da estratégia. A pesquisa analisou a governança e os padrões de articulação e cooperação, a forma como se dá a ação coletiva no desenvolvimento do projeto e como as instituições influenciam na formulação estratégica e, consequentemente, na governança das comunidades. Os resultados apontam que, quando o pensamento estratégico não se faz presente e a ação coletiva é frágil, as relações estabelecidas se configuram numa governança desfavorável ao sucesso dos empreendimentos. A pesquisa concluiu que a estratégia e a forma como ocorre a ação coletiva influenciam diretamente na governança.AbstractThe pattern built for rural poverty reduction programs supposes interaction between the sponsors (in this case, the World Bank), Government agents, local communities, and other partners for projects development. Thus, it is the significant importance to study how governance is reflected in projects. The research aims to analyze how has governance been carried out in projects supported by the Pará Rural Program in the municipalities of Acará and Tracuateua, in Pará State. It is a qualitative and exploratory research based on observation, documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews. Theoretically, the research takes the institutional theory and the theories of governance and collective action, particularly focusing on interpretive schemes and strategy building. The research analyzed the governance and its pattern of articulation and cooperation, the way of how collective action happens in projects formulation and consequently on the communities’ governance.

2021 ◽  
pp. 102831532110420
Author(s):  
Wondwosen Tamrat ◽  
Damtew Teferra

Ethiopia boasts more than a million students in its burgeoning higher education sector which has witnessed phenomenal growth over the last two decades. In this context, transnational higher education (TNHE) has been widely touted as a viable means of addressing human resource capacity building needs and quality educational provisions. Using documentary analysis, survey questionnaire and structured interviews as principal data sources, this study explored the major rationales, policy directions and gaps in the provision of TNHE in Ethiopia. The findings of the study indicate that despite policy directions informed by the theories of human capital development and social inclusion which are widely advanced by multilateral agents like the World Bank and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, the gains so far have been marginal and fraught with a plethora of challenges. The study proposes mechanisms for addressing these challenges and enhancing the contribution of TNHE in the context of developing countries.


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Sophie Mackinder

AbstractThe share of the extreme poor living in fragile and conflict-affected situations is projected to rise above 50 per cent by 2030. There is consequently an acute need for poverty-reduction mechanisms such as social protection within these contexts, which requires the integration of the discourse and policies on fragility with those on social protection. This paper traces the development of the two agendas in the World Bank, through documentary analysis and 43 interviews with Bank staff. It explores the extent to which social protection is considered within the fragility agenda (and vice versa), to establish whether the building of social protection systems is included within the broader ambition of “state-building” and considers the barriers to further integration of these agendas. The paper concludes that interaction between them has been limited to date and highlights the Bank’s own institutional architecture as a barrier to a more integrated approach.


Author(s):  
Olga Pryazhnikova ◽  

The World Bank has made an important contribution to shaping the global agenda for reducing poverty, increasing prosperity and promoting sustainable development. The review examines the main milestones in changes of the World Bank’s activities in the field of social development. The evolution of the organization’s approaches to solving the problem of poverty reduction as one of the key obstacles to socio-economic development is outlined.


2020 ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Constantine Michalopoulos

The collaboration the U4 launched at Utstein covered a wide variety of development issues handled by different international institutions. This involved in the first place coordination of their positions at the World Bank and the IMF, and the UN and its funds, programmes, and agencies. The World/Bank IMF were very important both because of the size and extent of their own programmes but also for helping developing countries manage the overall poverty reduction strategies within which all bilateral aid was supposed to fit. Increasing the effectiveness of bilateral aid could only succeed if it were part of a consistent overarching multilateral effort. This chapter starts with a discussion of U4 efforts to ensure that the poverty reduction strategies developed with the help of the World Bank/IMF in connection with debt relief actually reflected developing country priorities. It then moves on to U4’s efforts to improve the effectiveness of UN programmes which tended to be characterized by fragmentation and inefficiencies. The last part addresses the problem of coherence and collaboration between the IMF and the World Bank—the international financial institutions, on the one hand, and the UN and its agencies, on the other.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Leong How ◽  
Sin-Mei Cheah ◽  
Aik Cheow Khor ◽  
Yong Jiet Chan

According to the World Bank, a key factor to poverty reduction and improving prosperity is financial inclusion. Financial service providers (FSPs) offering financially-inclusive solutions need to understand how to approach the underserved successfully. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) on legacy data can help FSPs to anticipate how prospective customers may respond when they are approached. However, it remains challenging for FSPs who are not well-versed in computer programming to implement AI projects. This paper proffers a no-coding human-centric AI-based approach to simulate the possible dynamics between the financial profiles of prospective customers collected from 45,211 contact encounters and predict their intentions toward the financial products being offered. This approach contributes to the literature by illustrating how AI for social good can also be accessible for people who are not well-versed in computer science. A rudimentary AI-based predictive modeling approach that does not require programming skills will be illustrated in this paper. In these AI-generated multi-criteria optimizations, analysts in FSPs can simulate scenarios to better understand their prospective customers. In conjunction with the usage of AI, this paper also suggests how AI-Thinking could be utilized as a cognitive scaffold for educing (drawing out) actionable insights to advance financial inclusion.


Policy Papers ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (67) ◽  
Author(s):  

In December 1999, the World Bank (the Bank) and the International Monetary Fund (the Fund) introduced a new approach to their relations with low-income countries, centered around the development and implementation of poverty reduction strategies (PRS) by the countries as a precondition for access to debt relief and concessional financing from both institutions. These strategies were also expected to serve as a framework for better coordination of development assistance among other development partners.


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