THE WORLD BANK ABOUT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: THE EVOLUTION OF APPROACHES

Author(s):  
Olga Pryazhnikova ◽  

The World Bank has made an important contribution to shaping the global agenda for reducing poverty, increasing prosperity and promoting sustainable development. The review examines the main milestones in changes of the World Bank’s activities in the field of social development. The evolution of the organization’s approaches to solving the problem of poverty reduction as one of the key obstacles to socio-economic development is outlined.

Author(s):  
Subrata Mukherjee ◽  

In 2006, Muhammed Yunus and the Grameen Bank received the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts through micro-credit to create economic and social development. Muhammed Yunus received the prize not in the field of economics because only sustainable development of the proletariat and the marginalised sections of society can bring peace. More than 80% of the world’s population lives in countries where income differentials are widening. The poorest 40% of the world’s population accounts for 5% of global income, while the richest 20% accounts for three quarters of world income. According to the World Bank (WB), the proportion of people in the developing world living on less than $1.25 a day was 20.5% in 2010, down from 43.1% in 1990 and 52.2% in 1981 (in 2005 prices). That is 1.22 billion people lived on less than $1.25 a day in 2010 compared with 0.91 billion in 1990 and 1.94 billion in 1981. In this paper an attempt is made to explain the relevance of Marxism and the need for the co-operative movement to assist in providing a means for social well-being of the downtrodden classes of people. Keywords: Economy and social development, sustainable development, Marxism


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Isabel Carrillo-Hidalgo ◽  
Juan Ignacio Pulido-Fernández

It is widely accepted that tourism, given the right conditions, can be an important instrument of economic growth and a means of improving the quality of life for the societies in which it is implemented, particularly in developing territories. International financial institutions are aware of the role that tourism can play in this regard and, accordingly, have included it within their strategies to further sustainable development and financial inclusion. The World Bank is one of the institutions working to foster tourism, although, interestingly, it only began working in this area very recently (2016). This paper analyses the role of the World Bank in the inclusive financing of tourism as an instrument of sustainable development and compares it with the finance allocated to another four sectors in the branch of trade and industry. To this end, using a system of indicators previously tested in the literature, it analyses a total of ninety-two projects directly related with tourism, trade, manufacture, services, and housing construction activity. The results obtained, when compared to the finance allocated to other sectors of trade and industry (to which tourism also belongs), indicate that the World Bank’s financing of tourism could sharpen its focus on financial inclusion, which would ensure greater efficiency and efficacy in the attainment of its poverty reduction and development goals.


Author(s):  
Subrata Mukherjee ◽  
Manoranjan Das

In 2006, Muhammed Yunus and the Grameen Bank received the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts through micro-credit to create economic and social development. Muhammed Yunus received the prize not in the field of economics because only sustainable development of the proletariat and the marginalised sections of society can bring peace. More than 80% of the world’s population lives in countries where income differentials are widening. The poorest 40% of the world’s population accounts for 5% of global income, while the richest 20% accounts for three quarters of world income. According to the World Bank (WB), the proportion of people in the developing world living on less than $1.25 a day was 20.5% in 2010, down from 43.1% in 1990 and 52.2% in 1981 (in 2005 prices). That is 1.22 billion people lived on less than $1.25 a day in 2010 compared with 0.91 billion in 1990 and 1.94 billion in 1981. In this paper an attempt is made to explain the relevance of Marxism and the need for the co-operative movement to assist in providing a means for social well-being of the downtrodden classes of people. Keywords: Economy and social development, sustainable development, Marxism


Author(s):  
Iryna Adamenko ◽  
Ivan Makohon

Relevance of the research topic. After the national sovereignty proclamation, the Ukraine`s important task was to create a new model of socio-economic development of the country based on openness of the economy and integration into the world financial space. The process of integration is extremely complex and multifaceted, which involves the formation and implementation of an effective state policy in the field of international financial relations, raising the level of efficiency of the state administration system and creating conditions for the development of the real economy. Formulation of the problem. Transformations in the global economic environment, accelerating the processes of financial globalization are currently actualizing issues of countries integration into the world financial space. At the same time, the implications of integration are rather ambiguous, especially from the point of view of their financial component, which requires further scientific research of the theoretical and applied aspects of Ukraine's integration into the world financial space, in particular in the context of cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problem of the globalization processes impact on the domestic economy, the development of international financial and economic relations is quite widespread today in the scientific research of famous foreign and domestic scientists: J. Buchanan, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, T. Bogolib, V. Kolosova, G. Kucher, L. Lisyak, I. Lukyanenko, A. Mazaraki, V. Sidenko, I. Chugunov and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The issues mentioned above are actualized in connection with the acceleration of the financial globalization processes, which determine the solution of a significant range of tasks related to the integration of developed and transformational economies into the world financial space. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to determine the main directions of Ukraine's integration into the world financial space in the context of cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to analyze and evaluate the peculiarities of Ukraine's cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank; to substantiate the influence of globalization processes on the development of the financial and economic environment in Ukraine, to reveal the peculiarities and to determine the main directions of Ukraine's integration into the world financial space. Method or methodology for conducting research. The article uses a set of methods of scientific research: system approach, statistical analysis, structuring, analysis and synthesis, etc. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The analysis and evaluation of the peculiarities of Ukraine's cooperation with the IMF and the World Bank is carried out. The globalization processes influence on the development of the financial and economic environment in Ukraine is substantiated. The peculiarities and the main directions of integration of Ukraine into the world financial space are determined. The field of application of results. The results of this study can be applied in the process of formation and implementation of Ukraine's fiscal policy. Conclusions according to the article. Cooperation with international financial organizations is a powerful tool for attracting external state loans aimed at addressing the strategic objectives of socio-economic development of countries. Investments of international organizations create appropriate conditions for accelerating economic growth. The domestic economy restructuring in combination with the measures proposed by international financial organizations creates the basis for increasing the population welfare. The article substantiates that Ukraine's integration into the world financial space is a complicated and multi-faceted process, and the continuation of cooperation with international financial organizations will allow to receive financing on attractive conditions and to increase international reserves.


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