Smart polymers in drug delivery: a perspective in pharmaceutical technology

Polymers have already been recognized as promising materials in many areas of life including pharmaceutical technology. A wide range of polymer properties such as providing controlled release of APIs, enhancing permeation and protection of APIs from mucosal enzymes is now successfully using worldwide in producing soft and solid dosage forms. It is now recognized that a significant portion of the polymer research ongoing in the world is related with a new group of polymer properties such as «shape memory system» and “self-folding”. This review focuses on “smart” – polymers properties that could be a promising tool in developing smart delivery systems.

Download Full-text

Cyclodextrins as Drug Carriers in Pharmaceutical Technology: The State of the Art

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612824666171218125431 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (13) ◽

pp. 1405-1433 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jaime Conceicao ◽

Oluwatomide Adeoye ◽

Helena Maria Cabral-Marques ◽

Jose Manuel Sousa Lobo

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Drug Carrier ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Time Profile ◽

Complexing Agents ◽

Solid Dosage Forms ◽

Major Drawback ◽

Solid Dosage ◽

Pharmaceutical Technology

Background: Cyclodextrins (CDs) are versatile excipients with an essential role in drug delivery, as they can form non-covalently bonded inclusion complexes (host-guest complexes) with several drugs either in solution or in the solid state. Methods: The main purpose of this publication was to carry out a state of the art of CDs as complexing agents in drug carrier systems. In this way, the history, properties and pharmaceutical applications of the CDs were highlighted with typical examples. The methods to enhance the Complexation Efficiency (CE) and the CDs applications in solid dosage forms were emphasized in more detail. Results: The main advantages of using these cyclic oligosaccharides are as follows: (1) to enhance solubility/ dissolution/ bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs; (2) to enhance drug stability; (3) to modify the drug release site and/or time profile; and (4) to reduce drug side effects (for example, gastric or ocular irritation). These compounds present favorable toxicological profile for human use and therefore there are various medicines containing CDs approved by regulatory authorities worldwide. On the other hand, the major drawback of CDs is the increase in formulation bulk, once the CE is, in general, very low. This aspect is particularly relevant in solid dosage forms and limits the use of CDs to potent drugs. Conclusion: CDs have great potential as drug carriers in Pharmaceutical Technology and can be used by the formulator in order to improve the drug properties such as solubility, bioavailability and stability. Additionally, recent studies have shown that these compounds can be applied as active pharmaceutical ingredients.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of an Automated Dual-Channel Hydroxylamine Assay Procedure for Formulated Penicillin Products. I. Liquid Formulations

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/57.6.1314 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 1314-1324 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jonathan R Lane ◽

Foster McClure ◽

Charles Martinez

Keyword(s):

Dosage Forms ◽

Flow Diagram ◽

Liquid Sample ◽

Solid Dosage Forms ◽

Solid Dosage ◽

Dual Channel ◽

Assay Procedure ◽

Accuracy And Precision ◽

Wide Range ◽

On Line

Abstract The automated dual-channel hydroxylamine method reported by Stevenson, Bechtel, and Coursen was compared with the official Food and Drug Administration (FDA) manual iodometric method used to determine the potency of formulated penicillin products. In order to assay a wide range of products, the liquid sampler module was used with 4 different flow diagram arrangements for liquid sample solutions. Solid dosage forms, when tested intact, were assayed with a modified SOLIDprep Sampler unit. Some dosage forms were assayed directly from their pharmaceutical market containers via on-line dilution techniques. Some of the problems encountered are described and experimental design as well as methods of statistical analysis are discussed. The method reported has been recommended as an alternative to the official FDA manual procedure. In general, the automated hydroxylamine method compared well in accuracy and precision with the manual iodometric method. Manually diluted autoanalysis lacked the precision of other methods.

Download Full-text

SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF MEDICATED CHEWING GUM PRODUCTION

Russian Journal of Biotherapy ◽

10.17650/1726-9784-2020-19-3-21-28 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 21-28

Author(s):

E. V. Blynskaya ◽

S. V. Tishkov ◽

K. V. Alekseev ◽

V. V. Bueva ◽

A. A. Ivanov

Keyword(s):

Dosage Forms ◽

Chewing Gum ◽

Systemic Effects ◽

Medicinal Products ◽

Solid Dosage Forms ◽

Solid Dosage ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Pharmaceutical Technology ◽

Chewing Gums ◽

Technological Methods

Chewing gum medicines are solid dosage forms intended for chewing for a certain period of time without subsequent ingestion to provide local and systemic effects. This article describes the basic technologies for producing chewing gum medicinal products, analyzes and compares the technological aspects of production. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the various technologies used, the features of the use in pharmaceutical technology, as well as additional technological methods for creating modifications of the release of drugs from chewing gum medicinal gums are given. It is concluded that the application of various technologies for the production of chewing gums and the methods for improving individual stages of the process are promising.

Download Full-text