EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN APPLE WITH REFERENCE TO DIFFERENTIAL VIRULENCE IN ERWINIA AMYLOVORA

1987 ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Norelli ◽  
H.S. Aldwinckle ◽  
R.C. Lamb ◽  
S.V. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Fire Blight Resistance of Budagovsky 9 Apple Rootstock

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Russo ◽  
Terence L. Robinson ◽  
Gennaro Fazio ◽  
Herb S. Aldwinckle
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Apple Rootstock ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Multiple Trials ◽  
High Level

Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight, can cause a fatal infection of apple rootstocks known as rootstock blight. Budagovsky 9 (B.9) apple rootstock is reported to be highly susceptible when inoculated with E. amylovora, although results from multiple trials showed that B.9 is resistant to rootstock blight infection in field plantings. Conflicting results could stem from genetic variation in the B.9 population, appearing as phenotypic differences in rootstock material. However, genetic testing, using 23 microsatellite loci, confirmed the clonal uniformity of B.9 in commerce. Variation in growth habit between B.9 rootstocks originating from two nurseries also has been discounted as a source of disease resistance. Instead, results indicate a possible novel resistance phenotype in B.9 rootstock. B.9 rootstock was susceptible to leaf inoculation by E. amylovora, statistically similar to the susceptible rootstock Malling 9 (M.9). Conversely, inoculation assays targeting woody 4- to 5-year-old tissue revealed a high level of resistance in B.9, whereas M.9 remained susceptible. Although the mechanism by which B.9 gains resistance to E. amylovora is unknown, it is reminiscent of age-related resistance, due to an observed gain of resistance in woody rootstock tissue over succulent shoot tissue. Durable fire blight resistance correlated with tissue development could be a valuable tool for rootstock breeders.

The fire blight resistance QTL of Malus fusca (Mfu10) is affected but not broken down by the highly virulent Canadian Erwinia amylovora strain E2002A

2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofere Francis Emeriewen ◽  
Klaus Richter ◽  
Magda-Viola Hanke ◽  
Mickael Malnoy ◽  
Andreas Peil
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Resistance Qtl ◽  
Highly Virulent

USING FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS TO IDENTIFY MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE (ERWINIA AMYLOVORA) IN APPLE (MALUS)

2009 ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Norelli ◽  
D.A. Lalli ◽  
C.L. Bassett ◽  
M.E. Wisniewski ◽  
S.E. Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Blight Resistance

Assessing fire blight resistance of new Cotoneaster genotypes inoculated with Erwinia amylovora in the field

2020 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
B.L. Giffei ◽  
R.N. Contreras ◽  
V.O. Stockwell ◽  
J.A. Sisneroz ◽  
S.K. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Blight Resistance

EFFICACY OF TRANSMISSION OF FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN PYRUS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. C. Layne ◽  
Catherine H. Bailey ◽  
L. F. Hough
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Screening Procedure ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Inheritance ◽  
Segregation Data

An efficient, reproducible seedling-screening procedure was devised that gave almost 100% infection yet differential levels of resistance to Erwinia amylovora. Seedling segregation for resistance to fire blight was studied for 48 separate progenies with segregation data based on 7,462 seedlings. Sources of high, intermediate or low resistance derived from P. ussuriensis, P. serotina or P. communis were compared for ability to transmit resistance to their offspring. P. communis selections that were most efficient in transmitting resistance to their progeny included: Magness, Purdue 80-51, Maxine and Mich. US 437. Similarly, the most efficient sources in the P. ussuriensis group included: Purdue 77-73, NJ 484338262 and NJ 487601174; and the most efficient in the P. serotina group included: Purdue 110-9 and Kieffer. The breeding value of the most efficient P. communis sources was considered to be superior to the other two species sources in view of the larger size and higher quality of fruit associated with P. communis.Continuous distributions rather than discontinuous segregation were obtained with most progenies, regardless of species source or level of resistance. Some distributions were similar to those associated with quantitative inheritance, others were more representative of qualitative inheritance, with dominance of resistance in each case. No consistent type of segregation distribution characterized progenies having a common species source of resistance.

scholarly journals Historical apple cultivars that display high level of resistance to fire blight

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Kása K. ◽  
G. Tóth M. ◽  
Hevesi M.
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
High Level

Following the first outbreak of fire blight caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al. in Hungary, we have started research with the aim to screen domestic gene sources, mostly historical Hungarian apple cultivars, for disease resistance as part of an apple breeding program for multiple resistance. The present study was conducted with the aim to choose the most tolerant historical apple cultivars among 25 selected cultivars by screening their behavior towards fire blight under controlled conditions. Six cultivars were shown to be the most disease tolerant: `Batul', 'London pepin', Nemes Sóvári Alma', `Sikulai', `Szemes alma', Wilmos renet'. We evaluated these cultivars by investigating both morphological- characteristics under original environmental circumstances and fruit quality. The cultivars had a remarkable degree of fire blight resistance compared to the control cultivars. These were not competitive with the commercially grown 'Jonathan M40' during cultivar tests but on the basis of certain characteristics they could serve as genetic sources for breeding new varieties.

INVESTIGATION ON FIRE BLIGHT RESISTANCE IN THE CROSS POPULATION 'IDARED' × MALUS ×ROBUSTA 5 WITH DIFFERENT ERWINIA AMYLOVORA STRAINS

2014 ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wöhner ◽  
M.-V. Hanke ◽  
H. Flachowsky ◽  
A. Peil ◽  
K. Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Mapping of fire blight resistance in Malus ×robusta 5 flowers following artificial inoculation

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Peil ◽  
Christine Hübert ◽  
Annette Wensing ◽  
Mary Horner ◽  
Ofere Francis Emeriewen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Resistance Qtl ◽  
Common Path ◽  
Major Qtl

Abstract Background Although the most common path of infection for fire blight, a severe bacterial disease on apple, is via host plant flowers, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for fire blight resistance to date have exclusively been mapped following shoot inoculation. It is not known whether the same mechanism underlies flower and shoot resistance. Results We report the detection of a fire blight resistance QTL following independent artificial inoculation of flowers and shoots on two F1 segregating populations derived from crossing resistant Malus ×robusta 5 (Mr5) with susceptible ‘Idared’ and ‘Royal Gala’ in experimental orchards in Germany and New Zealand, respectively. QTL mapping of phenotypic datasets from artificial flower inoculation of the ‘Idared’ × Mr5 population with Erwinia amylovora over several years, and of the ‘Royal Gala’ × Mr5 population in a single year, revealed a single major QTL controlling floral fire blight resistance on linkage group 3 (LG3) of Mr5. This QTL corresponds to the QTL on LG3 reported previously for the ‘Idared’ × Mr5 and an ‘M9’ × Mr5 population following shoot inoculation in the glasshouse. Interval mapping of phenotypic data from shoot inoculations of subsets from both flower resistance populations re-confirmed that the resistance QTL is in the same position on LG3 of Mr5 as that for flower inoculation. These results provide strong evidence that fire blight resistance in Mr5 is controlled by a major QTL on LG3, independently of the mode of infection, rootstock and environment. Conclusions This study demonstrates for the first time that resistance to fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora is independent of the mode of inoculation at least in Malus ×robusta 5.

scholarly journals Testing of Czech cultivars and advanced selections of apples for fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) resistance

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
C. Fischer ◽  
K. Richter ◽  
J. Blažek
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Scab Resistance ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Malus Floribunda ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Different Levels

Five apple cultivars from the Czech Republic and 26 selections from the same country (a majority of them were resistant to scab) were included in the present study. M. robusta strain (Nr. 5) was used as a control with the highest level of resistance to fire blight. Another 7 cultivars with different levels of resistance or susceptibility to the disease were also evaluated. Selena and Nabella were found to be resistant, whereas Angold, Resista and Topaz were susceptible. Two HL selections were previously identified as highly resistant, 3 selections as medium resistant and 7 others as moderately susceptible. The rest of the 14 selections ranged from very high susceptible to medium susceptible. A high level of resistance was confirmed in 3 cultivars from Dresden-Pillnitz: Reanda, Remo and Rewena. Comparison of the parentage of the tested cultivars or selections with their level of resistance to fire blight suggests that most of the resistance comes from Malus floribunda, which was used in the course of their breeding as a donor of scab resistance. In one case, the source of the fire blight resistance was Starking Delicious cv.  

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